Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 1034-1047.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.05.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Regional Differences in Wheat Zinc Uptake and Translocation Responses to Soil Zinc Fertilization

LI WenHu1(), LI HaiFeng1, DU YuPeng1, DING YuLan1, LUO YiNuo1, LI YuKe1, SHE WenTing1, ZHANG Feng1, TENG Yu1, ZHANG SiQi1, HUANG Cui1, LI XiaoHan1, LIU JinShan1,2, WANG ZhaoHui1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro- Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
    2 State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
  • Received:2025-04-29 Accepted:2025-06-25 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: WANG ZhaoHui

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Abstract:

【Objective】 The zinc (Zn) uptake and translocation in wheat have a significant impact on grain Zn concentration. The aim of this study was to understand the relationships between pre-anthesis and post-anthesis Zn uptake and translocation, grain Zn concentration, and Zn rates across different regions, so as to provide the support to the scientific application of Zn fertilizer and the enhancement of wheat grain Zn biofortification.【Method】 Based on the location-fixed field experiment initiated in major wheat-growing regions of China at 2022, including Yongshou of Shaanxi, Baixiang of Hebei, Zitong of Sichuan, and Shucheng of Anhui, soil available Zn concentration, wheat yield, biomass, yield components and Zn concentration in various plant parts were analyzed to understand the regions varies for grain Zn concentration, pre-and post-anthesis Zn uptake, and transportation responses to different Zn application rates during the wheat growing season of 2023-2024.【Result】 The grain yield and yield components did not change with Zn application, but grain Zn concentration increased significantly. The biofortified target of 40.0 mg·kg-1 and the highest of 51.7 and 80.7 mg·kg-1 was achieved respectively in Sichuan and Anhui, but Shaanxi and Hebei could not, with the highest of 32.2 and 34.5 mg·kg-1, respectively. For each 1.0 kg Zn·hm-2 input, Zn uptake in pre-anthesis increased by 9.8, 7.4, 3.0, and 3.0 g·hm-2 at Anhui, Sichuan, Hebei, and Shaanxi, respectively; Zn uptake in post-anthesis increased by 9.8, 8.3, and 0.97 g·hm-2 at Sichuan, Anhui, and Hebei, respectively, but no significant increase was found in Shaanxi; Zn translocation in post-anthesis increased by 5.6 and 2.5 g·hm-2 at Anhui and Shaanxi, respectively, and decreased by 1.6 g·hm-2 at Sichuan, but no significant increase was found in Hebei. For the Zn uptake and translocation efficiencies, with each 1.0 kg Zn·hm-2 input, the increase of 0.71, 0.53, 0.47, and decrease of 0.40 percentage points in pre-anthesis Zn uptake efficiency was observed at Shaanxi, Hebei, Anhui and Sichuan, respectively; the decrease of 0.71, 0.53, 0.47, and increase of 0.40 percentage points in post-anthesis Zn uptake efficiency was observed at Shaanxi, Hebei, Anhui and Sichuan, respectively; the decrease of 1.41 and 0.44 percentage points in post-anthesis Zn translocation efficiency was observed at Sichuan and Hebei, respectively, but not decrease in Shaanxi and Anhui; the decrease of 0.06 and 0.13 in anthesis Zn transfer index from root to shoot was observed at Sichuan and Anhui, respectively, but not decrease in Shaanxi and Hebei. 【Conclusion】 Wheat grain Zn biofortification was collectively influenced by Zn uptake and translocation processes. Compared with efficiencies of the pre-anthesis and post-anthesis Zn uptake, Zn uptake contribution, post-anthesis Zn translocation, and translocation contribution, the pre-anthesis and post-anthesis Zn uptake and translocation exhibited greater impacts by regions variations of wheat grain Zn concentration. Zn fertilization increased pre-anthesis and post-anthesis Zn uptake, while its effect on post-anthesis Zn translocation varied with regions. Compared with post-anthesis Zn translocation, the pre-anthesis and post-anthesis Zn uptake, exhibited greater impacts in wheat grain Zn concentration, particularly the post-anthesis Zn uptake. Therefore, enhancing the soil Zn supply capacity in main wheat production regions of China and promoting Zn uptake in wheat, particularly post-anthesis Zn uptake, could effectively increase grain Zn concentration and achieve the wheat Zn biofortification target.

Key words: wheat, Zn concentration, Zn uptake and translocation, soil Zn fertilization, Zn fertilizer

Table 1

Basic physiochemical properties and fertilizer application rate in 0-20 cm soil layer before wheat sowing at four experimental sites in 2023"

地点
Site		 pH 有机质
OM
(g·kg-1)		 全氮
Total N
(g·kg-1)		 矿质态氮
Mineral N
(mg·kg-1)		 有效磷
Available P
(mg·kg-1)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg·kg-1)		 有效锌
Available Zn
(mg·kg-1)		 施肥量 Fertilizer rate (kg·hm-2)
N P2O5 K2O
陕西永寿 YS 8.08 13.7 0.9 15.5 8.6 147.1 0.97 180 100 75
河北柏乡 BX 8.19 18.7 1.1 11.4 12.8 111.1 2.15 150 128 38
四川梓潼 ZT 5.76 29.3 1.6 8.8 12.8 97.7 1.57 169 41 61
安徽舒城 SC 5.04 28.3 1.6 11.3 40.1 189.1 2.16 113 113 113

Fig. 1

Irrigation and precipitation during wheat growing season of 2023 to 2024 at four experimental sites"

Fig. 2

Responses of the yield and grain Zn concentration of wheat to Zn fertilizer application rates at four experimental sites in the major wheat growing regions of China Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in grain Zn concentration among the five treatments. In the equation, x represents the soil Zn fertilizer application, y represents the Zn concentrations of grain. **: P<0.01, *: P<0.05. The same as below"

Fig. 3

Responses of Zn concentration in different organs of wheat at anthesis to soil Zn fertilizer application rates at four experimental sites in the major wheat growing regions of China Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in organ Zn concentration among the five treatments (P<0.05). In the equation, x represents the soil Zn fertilizer application, y represents the Zn concentrations in different organs of wheat"

Fig. 4

Responses of the pre- and post-anthesis Zn uptake and post-anthesis transportation of wheat to soil Zn fertilizer application rates at four experimental sites in the major wheat growing regions of China In the equation, x represents the soil Zn fertilizer application, the same as below. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in Zn concentration among the four sites (P<0.05)"

Fig. 5

Responses of contribution rate of the Zn uptake and translocation and Zn harvest index of wheat to soil Zn fertilizer application rates at four experimental sites in the major wheat growing regions of China Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the four sites (P<0.05)"

Table 2

The Zn transfer index of different organs of wheat at anthesis and harvest"

地点
Site		 施锌量
Zn rate		 开花期 Anthesis 成熟期 Harvest
根向地上部转移
TF root-to-shoot		 茎叶向穗转移
TF straw-to-spike		 茎叶向颖壳转移
TF straw-to-chaff		 颖壳向籽粒转移
TF chaff-to-grain
陕西永寿 YS 0 7.8a 0.63a 0.28b 13.5a
6.8 7.7a 0.61ab 0.36ab 14.8a
13.6 6.4a 0.53abc 0.44a 14.0a
20.4 9.3a 0.45bc 0.45a 12.8a
27.2 6.8a 0.43c 0.33ab 8.8b
河北柏乡BX 0 11.9a 0.51a 0.49a 8.2a
6.8 11.5a 0.41ab 0.52a 6.1b
13.6 11.0a 0.41ab 0.57a 5.0bc
20.4 11.2a 0.35b 0.63a 4.5bc
27.2 10.5a 0.39b 0.71a 4.4c
四川梓潼ZT 0 4.1a 0.43a 0.51a 15.4a
6.8 4.0a 0.32b 0.50a 11.3b
13.6 3.3ab 0.35ab 0.46ab 8.3c
20.4 2.9ab 0.27b 0.39bc 6.6d
27.2 2.6b 0.27b 0.35c 5.3d
安徽舒城SC 0 11.1a 0.39a 0.33c 14.9a
6.8 7.8ab 0.24b 0.35bc 14.2ab
13.6 7.4b 0.20bc 0.27c 12.1bc
20.4 8.4ab 0.15c 0.42ab 10.6bc
27.2 6.2b 0.16c 0.52a 12.6c
地点均值SA 陕西永寿YS 7.6B 0.53A 0.37B 12.8A
河北柏乡BX 11.2A 0.41B 0.58A 5.6C
四川梓潼ZT 3.4C 0.33C 0.44B 9.4B
安徽舒城SC 8.2B 0.23C 0.38B 12.9A
施锌量均值ZPA 0 8.7a 0.38b 0.42b 9.6b
6.8 7.7b 0.36c 0.46b 9.7b
13.6 7.0c 0.42a 0.45a 9.2b
20.4 8.0a 0.41a 0.52b 9.4b
27.2 6.5c 0.36c 0.41a 12.0a

Fig. 6

Responses of the Zn transfer index of different organs of wheat to soil Zn fertilizer application rates at four experimental sites in the major wheat growing regions of China"

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