种植方式结合测墒补灌下冬小麦产量及水分利用效率

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Background】Improving water use efficiency is beneficial for the sustainable production of wheat. Both ridge and furrow planting and soil moisture-based supplemental irrigation techniques can significantly enhance crop water use efficiency. However, whether the combination of these two approaches can achieve effective water-saving outcomes and further improve the water use efficiency of wheat remains unclear. 【Objective】This study aimed to explore the effects of ridge-furrow planting combined with soil moisture measurement and supplementary irrigation on the population, yield and water use efficiency of wheat. 【Method】In this study, a two-year field experiment was conducted. The winter wheat variety Xinong 20 was selected, and three planting methods of furrow sowing (P1), ridge sowing (P2) and flat planting (P3) were used. Three irrigation treatments were set up, including supplementary irrigation of soil moisture content in the 0-40 cm soil layer to field water holding capacity (S40), supplementary irrigation of soil moisture content in the 0-60 cm soil layer to field water holding capacity (S60), and traditional flood irrigation as the control irrigation (SCK). By measuring the soil moisture content, the dynamics of tillers of winter wheat, dry matter accumulation, yield and its constituent factors, and calculating the total water consumption of farmland, precipitation use efficiency, irrigation water use efficiency, total water consumption use efficiency, border row index and economic benefits, the effects of ridge-furrow planting and soil moisture measurement-based supplementary irrigation techniques on the growth and development, yield, water use efficiency and economic benefits of winter wheat were explored. 【Result】The furrow sowing combined with soil moisture measurement and supplementary irrigation at 60 cm depth (P1S60) maintained similar soil water content, tillers number, and dry matter accumulation as the flat planting with traditional flood irrigation (P3SCK). By leveraging the marginal effect, furrow sowing increased spike number and grains per spike of border-row winter wheat. For ensuring stable wheat yield, P1S60 saved 34.5% of irrigation water and reduced total farmland water consumption by 10.8%. It also boosted irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) by 79.5% and water use efficiency (WUE) by 14.7% (two-year average). Compared with P3SCK, P1S60 raised total income by 3.2%, indicating high economic viability. 【Conclusion】Considering the utilization efficiency of water resources, yield and income potential, P1S60 was a planting method with high potential in Guanzhong irrigation area.

Key words: winter wheat, soil moisture measurement, supplementary irrigation, furrow planting, economic benefit, water use efficiency, border effect

XIAN QingLin, XIAO JianKe, GAO AQing, GAO LiChuang, LIU Yang. Effects of Planting Patterns Combined with Soil Moisture Measurement and Supplementary Irrigation on the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 589-601.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

URL: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.03.009

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/Y2026/V59/I3/589

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 4

Table 4

Fig. 5

Table 5

Table 6

References 40

[1]	LI C J, WEN X X, WAN X J, LIU Y, HAN J, LIAO Y C, WU W. Towards the highly effective use of precipitation by ridge-furrow with plastic film mulching instead of relying on irrigation resources in a dry semi-humid area. Field Crops Research, 2016, 188: 62-73. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.01.013
[2]	QIN X L, LI Y, HAN Y L, HU Y C, LI Y J, WEN X X, LIAO Y C, SIDDIQUE K H M. Ridge-furrow mulching with black plastic film improves maize yield more than white plastic film in dry areas with adequate accumulated temperature. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2018, 262: 206-214. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.07.018
[3]	ZHANG X D, LI Z M, SIDDIQUE K H M, SHAYAKHMETOVA A, JIA Z K, HAN Q F. Increasing maize production and preventing water deficits in semi-arid areas: A study matching fertilization with regional precipitation under mulch planting. Agricultural Water Management, 2020, 241: 106347. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106347
[4]	ZHANG G X, ZHANG Y, ZHAO D H, LIU S J, WEN X X, HAN J, LIAO Y C. Quantifying the impacts of agricultural management practices on the water use efficiency for sustainable production in the Loess Plateau region: A meta-analysis. Field Crops Research, 2023, 291: 108787. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108787
[5]	LIU E K, MEI X R, YAN C R, GONG D Z, ZHANG Y Q. Effects of water stress on photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter translocation and WUE in two winter wheat genotypes. Agricultural Water Management, 2016, 167: 75-85. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2015.12.026
[6]	LIANG W X, BLENNOW A, HERBURGER K, ZHONG Y Y, WEN X X, LIU Y, LIAO Y C. Effects of supplemental irrigation on winter wheat starch structure and properties under ridge-furrow tillage and flat tillage. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021, 270: 118310. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118310
[7]	WANG D. Water use efficiency and optimal supplemental irrigation in a high yield wheat field. Field Crops Research, 2017, 213: 213-220. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2017.08.012
[8]	WANG D, YU Z W, WHITE P J. The effect of supplemental irrigation after jointing on leaf senescence and grain filling in wheat. Field Crops Research, 2013, 151: 35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.009
[9]	LI C, LUO X Q, LI Y, WANG N J, ZHANG T B, DONG Q G, FENG H, ZHANG W X, SIDDIQUE K H M. Ridge planting with transparent plastic mulching improves maize productivity by regulating the distribution and utilization of soil water, heat, and canopy radiation in arid irrigation area. Agricultural Water Management, 2023, 280: 108230. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108230
[10]	LIU Y, HAN J, WEN X X, WU W, GUO Q, ZENG A, LIAO Y C. The effect of plastic-covered ridge and furrow planting on the grain filling and hormonal changes of winter wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2013, 12(10): 1771-1782. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60337-8
[11]	ZHANG G X, MENG W H, PAN W H, HAN J, LIAO Y C. Effect of soil water content changes caused by ridge-furrow plastic film mulching on the root distribution and water use pattern of spring maize in the Loess Plateau. Agricultural Water Management, 2022, 261: 107338. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107338
[12]	ZHANG S H, WANG H D, SUN X, FAN J L, ZHANG F C, ZHENG J, LI Y P. Effects of farming practices on yield and crop water productivity of wheat, maize and potato in China: A meta-analysis. Agricultural Water Management, 2021, 243: 106444. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106444
[13]	DAI Y L, FAN J L, LIAO Z Q, ZHANG C, YU J, FENG H L, ZHANG F C, LI Z J. Supplemental irrigation and modified plant density improved photosynthesis, grain yield and water productivity of winter wheat under ridge-furrow mulching. Agricultural Water Management, 2022, 274: 107985. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107985
[14]	杨中帅, 吴金芝, 黄明, 李友军, 付国占, 赵凯男, 张振旺, 侯园泉. 垄沟种植及其施肥优化对旱地小麦产量和水肥利用效率的影响. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(5): 157-166. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192122
	YANG Z S, WU J Z, HUANG M, LI Y J, FU G Z, ZHAO K N, ZHANG Z W, HOU Y Q. Effects of furrow planting and fertilization optimization on wheat yield, water and fertilizer use efficiency in dryland. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2021, 36(5): 157-166. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192122
[15]	WANG F H, WANG X Q, SAYRE K. Comparison of conventional, flood irrigated, flat planting with furrow irrigated, raised bed planting for winter wheat in China. Field Crops Research, 2004, 87(1): 35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2003.09.003
[16]	LI Q Q, CHEN Y H, LIU M Y, ZHOU X B, YU S L, DONG B D. Effects of irrigation and planting patterns on radiation use efficiency and yield of winter wheat in North China. Agricultural Water Management, 2008, 95(4): 469-476. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2007.11.010
[17]	MAN J G, SHI Y, YU Z W, ZHANG Y L. Root growth, soil water variation, and grain yield response of winter wheat to supplemental irrigation. Plant Production Science, 2016, 19(2): 193-205. doi: 10.1080/1343943X.2015.1128097
[18]	ALGHORY A, YAZAR A. Evaluation of crop water stress index and leaf water potential for deficit irrigation management of sprinkler- irrigated wheat. Irrigation Science, 2019, 37(1): 61-77. doi: 10.1007/s00271-018-0603-y
[19]	秦海英, 高洪泽, 程星, 谢文芳, 王丹. 小麦测墒补灌节水栽培技术试验研究. 农业科技通讯, 2019(9): 77-80.
	QIN H Y, GAO H Z, CHENG X, XIE W F, WANG D. Experimental study on water-saving cultivation techniques of wheat by soil moisture measurement and supplementary irrigation. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2019(9): 77-80. (in Chinese)
[20]	EREKUL O, GOTZ K, GURBUZ T. Effect of supplemental irrigation on yield and bread-making quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under the mediterranean climatical condition. Urkish Journal of Field Crops, 2012, 17(1): 78-86.
[21]	程媛媛, 苏娟娟, 景东林. 测墒补灌对邢麦13号耗水特征和子粒产量的影响. 河北农业科学, 2021, 25(4): 22-25, 34.
	CHENG Y Y, SU J J, JING D L. Effects of soil moisture measurement and supplementary irrigation on water consumption characteristics and grain yield of Xingmai No.13. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 25(4): 22-25, 34. (in Chinese)
[22]	张梅芳, 黄敬尧, 李中蔚, 王坤坤, 李昕悦, 李金才, 宋有洪, 李金鹏. 测墒微喷补灌对小麦花后旗叶生理特性及产量的影响. 安徽农业大学学报, 2022, 49(5): 687-693.
	ZHANG M F, HUANG J Y, LI Z W, WANG K K, LI X Y, LI J C, SONG Y H, LI J P. Effects of micro-sprinkling with supplemental irrigation based on measuring soil moisture on the physiological characteristics of flag leaf after anthesis and yield in wheat. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2022, 49(5): 687-693. (in Chinese)
[23]	LÜ L H, WANG H J, JIA X L, WANG Z M. Analysis on water requirement and water-saving amount of wheat and corn in typical regions of the North China Plain. Frontiers of Agriculture in China, 2011, 5(4): 556-562. doi: 10.1007/s11703-011-1149-4
[24]	欧行奇, 李新华, 欧阳娟. 中秆高产冬小麦品种小区试验边行产量和内行产量研究. 种子, 2018, 37(10): 106-109.
	OU X Q, LI X H, OUYANG J. Study on the yield of side line and inner line of high yield winter wheat cultivars with medium stalk in the plot experiment yield. Seed, 2018, 37(10): 106-109. (in Chinese)
[25]	欧行奇, 任秀娟, 李新华, 欧阳娟. 小麦品种边行优势和内行表现对小区产量的影响. 作物杂志, 2019(1): 97-102.
	OU X Q, REN X J, LI X H, OUYANG J. Effects of side-row marginal advantage and inner-row performance on plot yield and yield components of wheat. Crops, 2019(1): 97-102. (in Chinese)
[26]	ALI S, XU Y Y, MA X C, AHMAD I, KAMRAN M, DONG Z Y, CAI T, JIA Q M, REN X L, ZHANG P, JIA Z K. Planting patterns and deficit irrigation strategies to improve wheat production and water use efficiency under simulated rainfall conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017, 8: 1408. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01408 pmid: 28878787
[27]	HU Y S, REN T H, LI Z, TANG Y Z, REN Z L, YAN B J. Molecular mapping and genetic analysis of a QTL controlling spike formation rate and tiller number in wheat. Gene, 2017, 634: 15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.08.039
[28]	FENG H. Effects of ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting system on Elymus sibiricus yield in Bashang agro-pastoral zone of China. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012, 11(38): 9175-9181.
[29]	王法宏, 杨洪宾, 徐成忠, 李升东, 司纪升. 垄作栽培对小麦植株形态和产量性状的影响. 作物学报, 2007, 33(6): 1038-1040.
	WANG F H, YANG H B, XU C Z, LI S D, SI J S. Effect of raised bed planting on plant morphological characters and grain yield of winter wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2007, 33(6): 1038-1040. (in Chinese)
[30]	SUN H Y, LIU C M, ZHANG X Y, SHEN Y J, ZHANG Y Q. Effects of irrigation on water balance, yield and WUE of winter wheat in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 2006, 85(1/2): 211-218. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2006.04.008
[31]	ZHAI L C, LÜ L H, DONG Z Q, ZHANG L H, ZHANG J T, JIA X L, ZHANG Z B. The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(6): 1687-1700. doi: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63326-3
[32]	SANG X G, WANG D, LIN X. Effects of tillage practices on water consumption characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat under different soil moisture conditions. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, 163: 185-194. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2016.06.003
[33]	雒兴刚, 万海元, 安丽蓉, 李永海, 雒兴玉, 张学凯, 梁维云, 朱建强. 垄作条播下春小麦不同品种与施氮量对边行效应、产量与水分利用效率的影响. 作物杂志, 2025(4): 251-258.
	LUO X G, WAN H Y, AN L R, LI Y H, LUO X Y, ZHANG X K, LIANG W Y, ZHU J Q. Effects of different varieties and nitrogen application rate on border effect, yield, and water use efficiency of spring wheat under ridge tillage with drill sowing. Crops, 2025(4): 251-258. (in Chinese)
[34]	LUO J, LIANG Z M, XI L Y, LIAO Y C, LIU Y. Plastic-covered ridge-furrow planting combined with supplemental irrigation based on measuring soil moisture promotes wheat grain yield and irrigation water use efficiency in irrigated fields on the Loess Plateau, China. Agronomy, 2020, 10(7): 1010. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10071010
[35]	LIU G Y, ZUO Y H, ZHANG Q, YANG L L, ZHAO E L, LIANG L Y, TONG Y. Ridge-furrow with plastic film and straw mulch increases water availability and wheat production on the Loess Plateau. Scientific Reports, 2018, 8: 6503. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24864-4 pmid: 29695748
[36]	JIA Q M, SUN L F, WANG J J, LI J, ALI S, LIU T N, ZHANG P, LIAN Y H, DING R X, REN X L, JIA Z K. Limited irrigation and planting densities for enhanced water productivity and economic returns under the ridge-furrow system in semi-arid regions of China. Field Crops Research, 2018, 221: 207-218. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2018.03.005
[37]	LUO C L, ZHANG X F, DUAN H X, MBURU D M, REN H X, KAVAGI L, DAI R Z, XIONG Y C. Dual plastic film and straw mulching boosts wheat productivity and soil quality under the El Nino in semiarid Kenya. Science of The Total Environment, 2020, 738: 139808. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139808
[38]	ZHANG X D, ZHAO J, YANG L C, KAMRAN M, XUE X K, DONG Z Y, JIA Z K, HAN Q F. Ridge-furrow mulching system regulates diurnal temperature amplitude and wetting-drying alternation behavior in soil to promote maize growth and water use in a semiarid region. Field Crops Research, 2019, 233: 121-130. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2019.01.009
[39]	LI W W, XIONG L, WANG C J, LIAO Y C, WU W. Optimized ridge-furrow with plastic film mulching system to use precipitation efficiently for winter wheat production in dry semi-humid areas. Agricultural Water Management, 2019, 218: 211-221. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.03.048
[40]	YANG Y, QIN Q, LI Q, NANGIA V, LAN B, MO F, LIAO Y C, LIU Y. Effect of nitrogen management on wheat yield, water and nitrogen utilization, and economic benefits under ridge-furrow cropping system with supplementary irrigation. Agronomy, 2023, 13(7): 1708. doi: 10.3390/agronomy13071708

Related Articles 15

[1]	LÜ XuDong, SUN ShiYuan, LI YaNan, LIU YuLong, WANG YanQun, FU Xin, ZHANG JiaYing, NING Peng, PENG ZhengPing. Effects of Intelligent Mechanized Layered Fertilization on Root-Soil Nutrient Distribution and Yield in Wheat Fields [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 129-146.
[2]	PU LiXia, ZHANG JiaRui, YE JianPing, HUANG XiuLan, FAN GaoQiong, YANG HongKun. The Combined Effects of 16, 17-Dihydro Gibberellin A₅ and Straw Mulching on Tillering and Grain Yield of Dryland Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1735-1748.
[3]	TUDI YIMITI, YU HongLiang, WANG Xu, PING XiaoYan, WU YiQian, WANG ChongWei. Effects of Fairy Rings on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Hulunbuir Meadow Steppe [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1804-1815.
[4]	SHI Fan, LI WenGuang, YI ShuSheng, YANG Na, CHEN YuMeng, ZHENG Wei, ZHANG XueChen, LI ZiYan, ZHAI BingNian. The Variation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions Under the Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 719-732.
[5]	ZHENG Yu, CHEN Yi, TI JinSong, SHI LongFei, XU XiaoBo, LI YuLin, GUO Rui. Evaluation of Carbon Footprint and Economic Benefit of Different Tobacco Rotation Patterns [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(4): 733-747.
[6]	WANG JiaXin, HU JingYi, ZHANG Wei, WEI Qian, WANG Tao, WANG XiaoLin, ZHANG Xiong, ZHANG PanPan. Effects of Different Mulching Methods on the Production of Photosynthetic Substances and Water Use Efficiency of Intercropped Maize [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(3): 460-477.
[7]	FANG KangRui, DING ShiJie, CHEN YuShan, YANG BingGeng, GUO TengFei, XU XinPeng, ZHAO ShiCheng, WANG XiuBin, HUANG ShaoMin, QIU ShaoJun, HE Ping, ZHOU Wei. In-Season Release Rate of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Manure Fertilizers During the Wheat Season in Typical Fluvo-Aquic Soil Under the Combined Application of Chemical and Manure Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(24): 5234-5246.
[8]	YANG ShuQi, ZHAO YingXing, QIAN Xin, ZHANG XuePeng, MENG WeiWei, SUI Peng, LI ZongXin, CHEN YuanQuan. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Maize-Soybean Intercropping Pattern in the Huang-Huai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4936-4951.
[9]	KONG WeiLin, GAO ChunHua, ZHAO FengTao, JU FeiYan, LI ZongXin, ZHAO HaiJun, LIU Ping. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate Combined with Drip Irrigation Amount After Sowing on Yield, Economic Benefit, Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Soybean Strip Intercropping Planting System [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(23): 4905-4919.
[10]	ZHANG MengXuan, CHANG FangDi, WEI HeYa, LI XiaoHong, WU LinMei, ZHANG HongYuan. Synergistic Effects of Post-Wheat Green Manure Rotation and Nitrogen Reduction in Saline-Alkali Soil on Wheat Yield, Environmental Footprint, and Economic Benefit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4216-4230.
[11]	SHE YingJun, ZHOU ZiZhe, WU Ming, GUO Wei, SHI ChangJian, HU Chao, LI Ping. Effects of Groundwater Depth and Nitrogen Application on the Distribution of Soil Water and Salt and the Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Winter Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4285-4304.
[12]	ZHANG TingTing, ZHANG GuoQiang, LI ShaoKun, WANG KeRu, XIE RuiZhi, XUE Jun, FANG Liang, LI XiaoHong, FU JiaLe, LI JiaKai, LIANG Chen, GE JunZhu, MING Bo. High-Yield Technology Model of New Insect-Resistant Maize Varieties for Biological Breeding in the Xiliaohe Plain [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(17): 3418-3433.
[13]	WU LingBin, WANG LinLin, WANG JiangWen, WANG ZiChao, SI JiaAng, LI ShiQing. Effects of Different Carbon Returning Methods on Grain Yield, Quality and Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Dryland of the Loess Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(14): 2751-2765.
[14]	WANG RongRong, XU NingLu, HUANG XiuLi, ZHAO KaiNan, HUANG Ming, WANG HeZheng, FU GuoZhan, WU JinZhi, LI YouJun. Effects of One-Off Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Grain Yield and Quality in Dryland Wheat [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(1): 43-57.
[15]	GAO XingXiang, KONG Yuan, ZHANG YaoZhong, LI Mei, LI Jian, JIN Yan, ZHANG GuoFu, LIU ShuaiShuai, LIU MingPing, ZENG Yan, BAI LianYang. Analysis on Distribution and Change of Weed Community in Winter Wheat Field in Henan Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(1): 91-100.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

土层 Soil layer (cm)	土壤含水量Water content (%)		土壤容重Soil bulk density (g·cm^-3)		田间持水量Field capacity (%)
土层 Soil layer (cm)	2020	2021	2020	2021	2020	2021
0-10	20.45	20.87	1.55	1.67	22.53	23.06
10-20	19.97	20.69	1.75	1.79	22.53	20.47
20-40	19.48	19.97	1.73	1.77	22.42	21.29
40-60	19.70	20.23	1.68	1.69	22.68	23.48
60-80	20.18	21.50	1.73	1.71	25.60	24.50
80-100	20.88	22.40	1.73	1.68	25.60	24.46

种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	2020-2021				2021-2022
种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	灌水量 Irrigation (mm)	土壤贮水 Soil water (mm)	降水 Precipitation (mm)	总量 Total amount (mm)	灌水量 Irrigation (mm)	土壤贮水 Soil water (mm)	降水 Precipitation (mm)	总量 Total amount (mm)
沟播 Furrow sowing (P1)	S40	35.27de	128.90bc	185.20	349.37d	61.72d	130.08b	105.00	296.80de
	S60	45.42c	116.55c	185.20	347.17d	85.50b	105.89e	105.00	296.39de
	SCK	100.00a	116.83c	185.20	402.03b	100.00a	120.89c	105.00	325.89b
垄播 Ridge sowing (P2)	S40	30.17e	148.71a	185.20	364.08cd	48.32e	142.42a	105.00	295.74de
	S60	39.66d	144.63ab	185.20	369.49c	70.42c	129.83b	105.00	305.25c
	SCK	100.00a	146.45a	185.20	431.65a	100.00a	134.22b	105.00	339.22a
平作 Flat planting (P3)	S40	39.51cd	126.90c	185.20	351.61d	62.37d	121.55c	105.00	288.91e
	S60	53.88b	113.26c	185.20	352.34cd	89.67b	105.33e	105.00	300.00cd
	SCK	100.00a	117.59c	185.20	402.79b	100.00a	113.71d	105.00	318.71b
F值 F value	P	**	**		**	**	**		**
F值 F value	S	**	ns		**	**	**		**
	P×S	ns	ns		ns	**	ns		**

种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	茎蘖数 Tillers number (×10⁴ plant/hm²)
种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	越冬期 Wintering stage	拔节期 Jointing stage	开花期 Anthesis stage	成熟期 Maturity stage
沟播 Furrow sowing (P1)	S40	591.11a	1280.01ab	740.00c	486.67a
	S60		1360.01a	773.34bc	502.34a
	SCK		1231.12ab	766.67bc	448.00a
垄播 Ridge sowing (P2)	S40	493.33b	817.78e	560.00e	346.45b
	S60		1026.67d	653.34d	334.34b
	SCK		1044.45cd	620.00de	326.33b
平作 Flat planting (P3)	S40	444.44b	1208.89b	846.67ab	449.34a
	S60		1186.67b	893.34a	466.67a
	SCK		1177.78bc	793.34bc	502.00a
F值 F value	P	**	**	**	**
F值 F value	S	-	ns	ns	ns
	P×S	-	*	ns	ns

种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	年份 Year
		2020-2021				2021-2022
		穗数 Spike number (×10⁴·hm^-2)	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (t·hm^-2)	穗数 Spike number (×10⁴·hm^-2)	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (t·hm^-2)
沟播 Furrow sowing (P1)	S40	486.67a	45.02abc	48.29b	7.61cd	462.70b	36.55ab	52.49ab	7.27b
	S60	502.34a	52.75a	48.72b	8.83a	477.40ab	36.90ab	50.12bc	7.49ab
	SCK	448.00a	46.07abc	48.47b	8.33ab	473.40ab	39.05ab	50.06c	7.42ab
垄播 Ridge sowing (P2)	S40	346.45b	46.24abc	49.25ab	7.24d	332.95d	34.58b	53.15a	6.18c
	S60	334.34b	49.74ab	49.98a	8.05bc	384.00c	38.90ab	52.35abc	6.56c
	SCK	326.33b	49.50ab	48.62b	7.96bc	376.90c	38.36ab	52.95a	6.51c
平作 Flat planting (P3)	S40	449.34a	45.43abc	48.46b	7.75bcd	477.35ab	38.97ab	53.28a	7.50ab
	S60	466.67a	43.03bc	48.63b	8.76a	485.35ab	41.17a	52.81a	7.96a
	SCK	502.00a	40.30c	48.25b	8.27abc	497.30a	38.30ab	52.45abc	7.54ab
F值 F value	P	**	*	*	**	**	ns	*	**
	S	ns	ns	ns	*	**	ns	ns	**
	P×S	ns	ns	ns	**	ns	ns	ns	ns

种植方式 Planting pattern	测墒补灌 Supplemental irrigation	年份 Year
		2020-2021			2021-2022
		PWUE	IWUE	WUE	PWUE	IWUE	WUE
沟播 Furrow sowing (P1)	S40	41.07cd	216.49b	21.78bc	69.23b	118.04a	24.49abc
	S60	47.66a	196.25b	25.44a	71.33ab	87.60bc	25.28ab
	SCK	44.96ab	83.26d	20.70bc	70.7ab	74.24d	22.78cd
垄播 Ridge sowing (P2)	S40	39.11d	240.86a	19.89cd	58.85c	128.24a	20.90de
	S60	43.47bc	203.65b	21.79bc	62.51c	93.19b	21.51d
	SCK	43.00bc	79.64d	18.47d	62.05c	65.15d	19.21e
平作 Flat planting (P3)	S40	41.83bcd	197.82b	22.05b	71.41ab	121.00a	25.97a
	S60	47.33a	164.76c	24.92a	75.77a	88.87b	26.53a
	SCK	44.66abc	82.71d	20.55bc	71.85ab	75.44cd	23.68bc
F值 F value	P	**	**	**	**	ns	**
	S	**	**	**	ns	**	**
	P×S	ns	*	ns	ns	ns	ns

Effects of Planting Patterns Combined with Soil Moisture Measurement and Supplementary Irrigation on the Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

RichHTML

PDF