引黄灌区次生盐渍化对土壤质量与耕地产能的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.20.018

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to explore the impact mechanism of soil secondary salinization on soil quality and cropland productivity, thereby providing a theoretical basis for improving saline-alkali soil and enhancing productivity in the Yellow River Irrigation District.【Method】In this study, typical saline-alkali cropland in Dalate Banner, Inner Mongolia was selected as the research area. Soil samples from the 0-20 cm soil layer were collected in May, July, and October 2023 using the systematic grid sampling method. A total of 17 soil indicators (encompassing physical, chemical, and microbial properties) were determined to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil salinization. The soil quality index (SQI) was evaluated by combining principal component analysis (PCA) with the weighting method. Additionally, linear regression, random forest model, and partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) were used to reveal the impact mechanism of soil salinization on the cropland productivity index (CPI).【Result】Soil secondary salinization indicators showed obvious spatial and temporal variability. Among them, soil electrical conductivity (EC) increased with the decrease of terrain, with the coefficient of spatial variation ranging from 29.2% to 61.2%. Moreover, the EC values in July and October increased by 82.6% and 161.6% respectively compared with those in May. The minimum data set for SQI constructed by PCA included mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates, available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP). The average SQI in the study area was 0.50, and SQI<0.60 accounted for 77.1%, while the average CPI was 0.62, and CPI>0.80 accounted for 47.9%. Linear regression analysis showed that soil salinity indicators (especially EC) were negatively correlated with SQI and CPI, while SQI was significantly positively correlated with CPI (P<0.05). Random forest model results showed that EC in May had the greatest effect on SQI, and EC in July and October had the greatest effect on CPI. PLS-PM analysis revealed that soil secondary salinization indicators had a direct negative effect on CPI (standard path coefficient=-0.610, P<0.001) and an indirect effect through their negative impact on SQI (standard path coefficient=-0.694, P<0.001), with a total effect of -0.789.【Conclusion】Soil secondary salinization impaired cropland productivity through the dual pathways of direct salt toxicity and indirect reduction of soil quality. Therefore, a synergistic strategy of “salt control and quality enhancement” should be adopted to improve the productivity of salinized cropland in the Yellow River Irrigation District.

Key words: soil secondary salinization, soil quality index (SQI), cropland productivity index (CPI), random forest model, Yellow River Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia

GAO QiQi, HAN ZheQun, ZHANG HaiRui, NAN ShanShan, HUANG YanYan, ZHU HengXia, WU XuePing. Impacts of Secondary Salinization on Soil Quality and Cropland Productivity in the Yellow River Irrigation District[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(20): 4272-4284.

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References 49

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时间 Time	指标Indicator	最小值Minimum	最大值Maximum	平均值Mean	标准差 SD	变异性CV(%)
2023.5	pH	7.78	8.83	8.36	0.28	3.29
2023.5	电导率 EC (mS·cm^-1)	0.31	1.07	0.71	0.21	29.19
2023.7	pH	7.70	8.86	8.27	0.27	3.29
2023.7	电导率 EC (mS·cm^-1)	0.41	3.10	1.30	0.80	61.22
2023.10	pH	7.67	8.44	8.05	0.17	2.14
	电导率 EC (mS·cm^-1)	0.69	3.30	1.86	0.89	47.86
	交换性钠 ENa (cmol·kg^-1)	0.75	3.75	2.55	0.73	28.59
	碱化度 ESP (%)	1.38	6.33	4.37	1.17	26.82

主成分 Principal components (PC)	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2	主成分3 PC3
特征值Eigenvalues	4.897	3.323	1.188
方差Variance (%)	37.669	25.562	9.138
累计方差Cumulative (%)	37.669	63.231	72.369
权重Weighting value	0.521	0.353	0.126
因子载荷Factor loading
容重Bulk density	-0.793	0.272	0.165
含水量Soil water content	-0.431	0.683	-0.025
平均重量直径Mean weight diameter	0.897	-0.115	-0.198
有机碳Soil organic carbon	0.655	-0.299	0.197
全氮Total nitrogen	0.376	-0.581	0.409
有效磷Available phosphorus	0.171	0.595	-0.580
速效钾Available potassium	0.012	0.834	0.000
碳代谢酶活性Carbon acquisition enzyme activity	0.754	0.445	0.159
氮代谢酶活性Nitrogen acquisition enzyme activity	0.552	0.421	0.514
磷代谢酶活性 Phosphorus acquisition enzyme activity	0.121	0.761	0.471
细菌生物量Bacterial biomass	0.800	0.406	-0.166
真菌生物量Fungi biomass	0.731	-0.346	-0.134
微生物生物量Total microbial biomass	0.784	0.235	-0.147

Impacts of Secondary Salinization on Soil Quality and Cropland Productivity in the Yellow River Irrigation District

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