多样化种植对土壤团聚体组成及其有机碳和全氮含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.15.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In this study, the composition as well as carbon and nitrogen distribution characteristics of soil aggregates under diversified cropping system of poaceae and legumes in the black soil region of Northeast China were elucidated, which could provide the theoretical basis and technical guidance for promoting the optimization of cropping system of combined use and cultivation in black soil. 【Method】 Field experiment was conducted from 2016 to 2020 in Gongzhuling Experimental Station, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Four diversified cropping systems were considered, including maize-soybean intercropping (M/S), maize-soybean rotation (M-S), maize-peanut intercropping (M/P), and maize-peanut rotation (M-P), while the maize continuous cropping (CM) system was used as control. Soil samples of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers were collected after harvesting in October 2020. Then, soil aggregates and their soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content under diversified cropping system were analyzed. 【Result】 Diversified cropping was beneficial to increase the content of water-stable macro-aggregates in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil (>0.25 mm), and to reduce the content of silt and clay (<0.053 mm), the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of soil aggregates under four diversified cropping systems were significantly higher than those of maize continuous cropping system (P<0.05). Soil aggregates ratios of >0.25 mm under M/S and M-S treatments were 17.5% and 13.4% higher than that under CM treatment in 0-20 cm soil layer, respectively. Soil aggregates ratios of >0.25 mm under M/S, M-S and M-P treatments was 10.4%, 8.3% and 10.5% higher than that under CM treatment in the 20-40 cm soil layer, respectively. Diversified cropping increased the SOC and TN content of soil aggregates. In 0-20 cm soil layer, the SOC of >2 mm soil aggregate under M/S, M-S, M/P and M-P treatments was 20.7%, 24.3%, 18.8% and 17.8% higher than that under CM treatment, respectively; the TN of >2 mm soil aggregate under M-S, M/P and M-P treatments was 13.0%, 16.8% and 14.8% higher than that under CM treatment, respectively. When compared with CM treatment, the contribution rates of >2 mm soil aggregate to SOC and TN under M-S and M/P treatments were higher in 0-20 cm soil layer, while the contribution rate of <0.053 mm soil aggregate to SOC and TN under M/S and M-S treatments were lower in 0-20 cm soil layer. 【Conclusion】 Diversified cropping increased the content of soil macroaggregates, decreased the content of clay particles, improved the soil aggregate stability, SOC and TN of soil aggregates, which was conducive to promoting the SOC and TN sequestration in black soil region of Northeast China.

Key words: black soil region of Northeast China, rotation, intercropping, maize, soybean, peanut, soil aggregate, soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen

SUN Tao, FENG XiaoMin, GAO XinHao, DENG AiXing, ZHENG ChengYan, SONG ZhenWei, ZHANG WeiJian. Effects of Diversified Cropping on the Soil Aggregate Composition and Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Content[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(15): 2929-2940.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 47

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土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)
土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	>2 mm	0.25-2 mm	0.053-0.25 mm	<0.053 mm
0-20	CM	3.22±0.43b	52.46±2.78b	18.33±2.44a	25.98±4.76a
	M/S	6.70±0.99b	67.90±3.28a	15.57±2.44a	9.83±1.10b
	M-S	13.19±1.43a	59.68±4.80ab	18.95±4.36a	8.19±1.39b
	M/P	14.37±2.22a	57.02±1.61ab	13.35±2.02a	15.26±1.69ab
	M-P	7.08±0.41b	60.18±1.05ab	16.16±2.37a	16.58±2.30ab
20-40	CM	2.93±0.37b	67.46±0.76b	12.08±0.79a	17.53±0.55a
	M/S	8.31±1.79ab	71.82±2.10ab	8.19±0.24b	11.67±1.26a
	M-S	11.18±1.79a	67.27±1.13b	8.70±1.30ab	12.86±1.56a
	M/P	8.14±1.43ab	68.31±1.53ab	7.91±0.66b	15.64±0.86a
	M-P	5.33±0.51ab	75.08±1.50a	6.48±0.75b	13.11±2.49a

土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)
土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	>2 mm	0.25-2 mm	0.053-0.25 mm	<0.053 mm
0-20	CM	3.40±0.47b	54.35±2.86b	16.68±2.39a	25.57±4.43a
	M/S	5.55±0.46b	70.80±2.20a	14.13±1.59a	9.51±1.19b
	M-S	12.59±1.20a	59.45±4.90ab	19.47±4.16a	8.49±1.57b
	M/P	15.77±1.89a	54.27±1.28b	12.69±1.10a	17.27±1.84ab
	M-P	7.09±0.38b	56.98±1.11b	18.48±2.36a	17.45±2.30ab
20-40	CM	2.57±0.41b	65.64±1.06c	14.48±0.54a	17.32±0.92a
	M/S	7.36±1.32ab	72.69±1.72ab	8.29±0.14b	11.66±1.14a
	M-S	9.69±1.66a	68.32±1.29bc	10.09±0.93b	11.90±1.95a
	M/P	7.35±1.10ab	68.04±1.03bc	8.61±0.52b	16.00±1.19a
	M-P	4.86±0.40ab	74.54±0.81a	7.80±0.90b	12.79±1.61a

Effects of Diversified Cropping on the Soil Aggregate Composition and Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Content

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