锌与吡虫啉配合喷施对小麦籽粒富锌效果及蛋白质组分的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.03.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of combined foliar application of zinc (Zn) and pesticide on Zn concentration, protein components content, and the estimated Zn bioavailability intake (TAZ) in whole grain and flour of wheat plants, and to clarify the possible reasons for the differences in Zn enrichment. This study was conducted to provide a basis and highly cost-effective approach for grain Zn fortification agronomic strategies in wheat plants. 【Method】 The consecutive two-season field experiments were conducted during 2016 and 2018 with six treatments, i.e., foliar application of distilled water (CK), 0.1% imidacloprid (P), 0.4% ZnSO₄·7H₂O (Zn), 0.23% glycine zinc (Gly-Zn, GZn), ZnSO₄·7H₂O+imidacloprid (ZnP), glycine zinc+imidacloprid (GZnP). The concentration of Zn, protein, protein components, and phytic acid in whole grain, flour, and bran were determined, and the TAZ was calculated. 【Result】 There was no significant difference in grain yield among different treatments. But, the grain Zn uptake and Zn concentration substantially increased in whole grain, flour and bran by foliar spray of Zn. Compared with CK, the foliar Zn application alone resulted in a 71% and 120% increase of Zn concentration in flour in 2017 and 2018, respectively; the foliar spray of Zn plus imidacloprid resulted in a 103% and 127% increase in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Compared with foliar Zn application alone, foliar spray of Zn plus imidacloprid did not affect the Zn enrichment in wheat, and the Zn concentration was increased in whole grain and flour. Compared with the foliar application of Gly-Zn, the foliar application of ZnSO₄·7H₂O significantly enhanced grain Zn concentration, while the Zn concentration was the highest in whole grain and flour within foliar ZnP application. A positive correlation was found between Zn concentration and the concentration of protein, gliadin and glutenin in whole grain and flour, respectively. The Zn plus imidacloprid treatment increased the protein concentration in whole grain and flour. Compared with CK, foliar application of ZnP and GZnP resulted in a 19% and 20% increase of protein concentration in flour during 2016 and 2018. There was no significant difference in the albumin and globulin content in whole grain and flour among different treatments. The contents of gliadin and glutenin in whole grain and flour were significantly increased by foliar application of ZnP and GZnP. Foliar Zn application obviously improved grain Zn bioavailability, and the Zn bioavailability was the highest in whole grain and flour under foliar ZnP application treatment.【Conclusion】 The ZnSO₄·7H₂O plus imidacloprid treatment significantly increased the concentration of Zn, protein, gliadin, and glutenin and Zn bioavailability in whole grain and flour. Therefore, combining foliar application of Zn and neonicotinoid insecticide could enhance protein concentration and further improve Zn concentration and Zn bioavailability in wheat grain, so this was an effective and useful practice to overcome human Zn deficiency.

Key words: flour, foliar application, Zn, imidacloprid, gliadin, glutenin, Zn bioavailability

LI YaFei, SHI JiangLan, WU TianQi, WANG ShaoXia, LI YuNuo, QU ChunYan, LIU CongHui, NING Peng, TIAN XiaoHong. Effects of Combined Foliar Application of Zinc with Imidacloprid on Zinc Enrichment and Protein Components Content in Wheat Grain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 514-528.

Figures/Tables 12

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指标<break/>Index	变异来源Source of variation
指标<break/>Index	年份Year	处理Treatment	Year × Treatment
籽粒产量Grain yield (t·hm^-2)	<0.0001	n.s.	n.s.
籽粒锌携出量 Grain Zn uptake (g·hm^-2)	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.001
全粒锌含量Grain Zn concentration (mg·kg^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
面粉锌含量Flour Zn concentration (mg·kg^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.008
麸皮锌含量Bran Zn concentration (mg·kg^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
全粒蛋白质含量Grain protein concentration (%)	<0.0001	n.s.	n.s.
面粉蛋白质含量Flour protein concentration (%)	<0.0001	n.s.	n.s.
麸皮蛋白质含量Bran protein concentration (%)	<0.0001	0.007	n.s.
全粒锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in grain (mg·d^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
面粉锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in flour (mg·d^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
麸皮锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in bran (mg·d^-1)	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001

蛋白质组分<break/>Protein component	全粒 Whole grain		面粉 Flour
蛋白质组分<break/>Protein component	2016-2017	2017-2018	2016-2017	2017-2018
白蛋白Albumins	0.694**	0.109	0.192	0.507*
球蛋白Globulins	0.120	0.544**	0.413	0.100
醇溶蛋白Gliadins	0.660**	0.586**	0.664**	0.742**
谷蛋白Glutenin	0.723**	0.740**	0.454*	0.555**

Effects of Combined Foliar Application of Zinc with Imidacloprid on Zinc Enrichment and Protein Components Content in Wheat Grain

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