施氮量对农田土壤有机氮组分及酶活性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.12.010

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The changes in enzyme activity conversion and soil organic nitrogen components in different nitrogen application rates were studied, and the relationship between enzyme activity and organic nitrogen component was analyzed. It provided a reference for rationally formulating fertilization amount and fertilization plan in the dry farming area of the Loess Plateau. 【Method】 Based on the different nitrogen (N) application rates (0 (CK), 52.5 (N1), 105 (N2), 157.5 (N3), and 210 (N4) kg N·hm^-2) in Mazichuan village, Lijiabao town, Dingxi city, Loess Plateau, a long-term positioning test was set up on a spring wheat field. Bremner’s method was used to determine the content of organic nitrogen in the 0-40 cm soil layer after harvest, and the activities of four nitrogen-related enzymes were also measured. 【Result】 The order of distribution of soil organic nitrogen components was: amino acid nitrogen>acidolyzable ammonia nitrogen>unknown-acidolyzable nitrogen>amino sugar nitrogen. With the increase of N application rate, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total acid nitrogen, amino acid nitrogen, acidolyzable ammonium, urease activity and protease activity increased first and then decreased. Except for total nitrogen, all other components reached the maximum value under N2, and the total nitrogen content reached the maximum value under N3. Different soil layers in the same treatment decreased with the increasing soil depths. The results of redundancy analysis indicated that total nitrogen content and protease activity were the key factors affecting the distribution and transformation of organic nitrogen components in the Loess Plateau of Longzhong. C:N ratio was negatively correlated with all organic nitrogen components, while protease, organic carbon and urease were positively correlated with amino acid nitrogen. 【Conclusion】 In general, N2 treatment had the highest nitrogen supply potential, and the total nitrogen was the key factor affecting the transformation of organic nitrogen components in spring wheat in this area. The changes of soil organic nitrogen composition under different nitrogen application rates were obvious, which changed nitrogen in the conversion enzyme activity.

Key words: nitrogen application rate, spring wheat, organic nitrogen component, enzyme activity, redundancy analysis, Loess Plateau

JIAO YaPeng,QI Peng,WANG XiaoJiao,WU Jun,YAO YiMing,CAI LiQun,ZHANG RenZhi. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Soil Organic Nitrogen Components and Enzyme Activities in Farmland[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(12): 2423-2434.

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处理 Treatment	土层 Soil layers (cm)	pH	有机碳 Soil organic C (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	C﹕N
CK	0-10	8.24 ± 0.03a	8.31 ± 0.19c	0.84 ± 0.02c	0.93 ± 0.02a	9.63 ± 0.49ab
	10-20	8.37 ± 0.02a	8.02 ± 0.06b	0.79 ± 0.04c	0.79 ± 0.01a	10.11 ± 0.27a
	20-40	8.41 ± 0.03a	7.36 ± 0.25b	0.71 ± 0.01c	0.63 ± 0.00a	10.20 ± 0.38a
N1	0-10	8.18 ± 0.02b	9.38 ± 0.12b	0.92 ± 0.03b	0.92 ± 0.00ab	9.72 ± 0.28a
	10-20	8.27 ± 0.03b	8.67 ± 0.20ab	0.87 ± 0.05bc	0.79 ± 0.01ab	10.23 ± 0.2ab
	20-40	8.35 ± 0.02ab	7.99 ± 0.08ab	0.79 ± 0.01b	0.61 ± 0.00b	9.95 ± 0.13ab
N2	0-10	8.18 ± 0.01b	9.45 ± 0.14a	1.06 ± 0.01a	0.88 ± 0.01bc	8.73 ± 0.27bc
	10-20	8.23 ± 0.04b	8.74 ± 0.30a	1.00 ± 0.04ab	0.79 ± 0.03bc	9.05 ± 0.25bc
	20-40	8.31 ± 0.04bc	8.66 ± 0.14a	0.90 ± 0.02a	0.61 ± 0.01bc	9.23 ± 0.29bc
N3	0-10	8.11 ± 0.01c	9.40 ± 0.06ab	1.09 ± 0.01a	0.85 ± 0.02c	8.71 ± 0.12c
	10-20	8.20 ± 0.01b	8.87 ± 0.07a	1.04 ± 0.02a	0.72 ± 0.01c	8.98 ± 0.17c
	20-40	8.26 ± 0.04bc	8.03 ± 0.21ab	0.91 ± 0.02a	0.58 ± 0.00c	8.91 ± 0.38c
N4	0-10	8.11 ± 0.00c	9.13 ± 0.14ab	1.04 ± 0.01a	0.96 ± 0.02ab	8.77 ± 0.13c
	10-20	8.11 ± 0.02c	9.01 ± 0.17a	0.95 ± 0.05ab	0.81 ± 0.00a	10.22 ± 0.26b
	20-40	8.22 ± 0.01c	7.93 ± 0.01b	0.88 ± 0.01a	0.63 ± 0.01a	9.20 ± 0.12c

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Soil Organic Nitrogen Components and Enzyme Activities in Farmland

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