温室番茄植株养分和光合对水肥耦合的响应及其与产量关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.10.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objectives of the study were to explore the coupling effects of water and fertilizer on tomato plant nutrient absorption, photosynthetic parameters and their relationships, so as to provide a theoretical basis for water and fertilizer management of greenhouse tomato in Northwest China.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse, and water volumes based on moisture evaporation were set as 1.00E (W1), 0.75E (W2) and 0.50E (W3). Fertilizer treatments of N-P₂O₅-K₂O (F) included 320-160-320 kg?hm ^-2 (high fertilizer, F1), 240-120-240 kg?hm ^-2 (middle fertilizer, F2) and 160-80-160 kg?hm ^-2 (low fertilizer, F3), Besides, the local irrigation and fertilization was set as control (CK).【Result】The results showed that irrigation and fertilization had a significant effect on leaf area index (LAI) and chlorophyll content, as well as LAI and chlorophyll content increased with the increasing of irrigation and fertilization. LAI reached the maximum value at the ripening stage, while chlorophyll content firstly increased then decreased with plant growth, and reached the maximum value at the fruit expansion stage. The contents of N, P and K in leaves showed the N>K>P trend, and the content was 22.83-47.20, 4.45-7.08 and 22.00-34.92 g?kg ^-1, respectively. The increasing of irrigation and fertilization was beneficial to the increase of leaf nutrient content, plant nutrient accumulation and nutrient transfer to fruit, which reached the maximum value under W1F1 treatment except for the content of N at 51d and P at 89d in leaves and P accumulation in plant. Irrigation and fertilization had a significant effect on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr). Pn, Gs and Tr increased with the increasing of irrigation amount and fertilizer amount. Among different fertilizer and water treatments, W1F1 treatment had the highest Pn, while CK had the highest Tr except for 90d. Pn reduced significantly under water stress during tomato ripening period. The Pn, Gs and Tr value did not enhance significantly when the irrigation continued to increase at W1 level. The contents of N, P and K in leaves were positively correlated with chlorophyll content and Pn at different growth stages. In addition, plant and fruit nutrient accumulation amount of tomato showed a significant positive correlation with net photosynthetic and yield. 【Conclusion】In conclusion, the W1F1 treatment (irrigation amount of 1.0E and fertilizer of N-P₂O₅-K₂O 320-160-320 kg?hm ^-2) was considered as the optimal fertilizer and water treatment through the comprehensive consideration of leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, plant nutrient accumulation and yield of tomato.

Key words: tomato, irrigation and fertilization coupling, leaf area index, plant nutrient, photosynthetic characteristics, yield

WANG HuBing, CAO HongXia, HAO ShuXue, PAN XiaoYan. Responses of Plant Nutrient and Photosynthesis in Greenhouse Tomato to Water-Fertilizer Coupling and Their Relationship with Yield[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(10): 1761-1771.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

Table 8

Table 9

References 36

[1]	POORTER H, NIINEMETS Ü, POORTER L, WRIGHT I J, VILLAR R . Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area (LMA): A meta-analysis. New Phytologist, 2009,182(3):565-588. doi: 10.1111/nph.2009.182.issue-3
[2]	HIKOSAKA K . Interspecific difference in the photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship: Patterns, physiological causes, and ecological importance. Journal of Plant Research, 2004,117(6):481-494. doi: 10.1007/s10265-004-0174-2
[3]	韦泽秀, 梁银丽, 周茂娟, 黄茂林, 贺丽娜, 高静, 吴燕 . 水肥组合对日光温室黄瓜叶片生长和产量的影响. 农业工程学报, 2010,26(3):69-74.
	WEI Z X, LIANG Y L, ZHOU M J, HUANG M L, HE L N, GAO J, WU Y . Physiological characteristics of leaf growth and yield of cucumber under different watering and fertilizer coupling treatments in greenhouse. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010,26(3):69-74. (in Chinese)
[4]	MUKHERJEE A, KUNDU M, SARKAR S . Role of irrigation and mulch on yield, evapotranspiration rate and water use pattern of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). Agricultural Water Management, 2010,98(1):182-189.
[5]	裴芸, 别之龙 . 塑料大棚中不同灌水量下限对生菜生长和生理特性的影响. 农业工程学报, 2008,24(9):207-211.
	PEI Y, BIE Z L . Effects of different irrigation minima on the growth and physiological characteristics of lettuce under plastic greenhouse. Transactions of the CSAE, 2008,24(9):207-211. (in Chinese)
[6]	LUO Z, LIU H, LI W P, ZHAO Q, DAI J L, TIAN L W, DONG H Z . Effects of reduced nitrogen rate on cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency as mediated by application mode or plant density. Field Crops Research, 2018,218:150-157.
[7]	VERMA V, FOULKES M J, WORLAND A J, SYLVESTER- BRADLEY R, CALIGARI P D S, SNAPE J W . Mapping quantitative trait loci for flag leaf senescence as a yield determinant in winter wheat under optimal and drought-stressed environments. Euphytica, 2004,135(3):255-263. doi: 10.1023/B:EUPH.0000013255.31618.14
[8]	SHI J C, YASUOR H, YERMIYAHU U, ZUO Q, BEN-GAL A . Dynamic responses of wheat to drought and nitrogen stresses during re-watering cycles. Agricultural Water Management, 2014,146:163-172. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2014.08.006
[9]	LI D D, TIAN M Y, CAI J A, JIANG D, CAO W X, DAI T B . Effects of low nitrogen supply on relationships between photosynthesis and nitrogen status at different leaf position in wheat seedlings. Plant Growth Regulation, 2013,70(3):257-263. doi: 10.1007/s10725-013-9797-4
[10]	李建明, 王平, 李江 . 灌溉量对亚低温下温室番茄生理生化与品质的影响. 农业工程学报, 2010,26(2):129-134.
	LI J M, WANG P, LI J . Effect of irrigation amount on physiology, biochemistry and fruit quality of greenhouse tomato under sub-low temperatures. Transactions of the CSAE, 2010,26(2):129-134. (in Chinese)
[11]	MATHOBO R, MARAIS D, STEYN J M . The effect of drought stress on yield, leaf gaseous exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Agricultural Water Management, 2017,180:118-125.
[12]	刘瑞显, 王友华, 陈兵林, 郭文琦, 周治国 . 花铃期干旱胁迫下氮素水平对棉花光合作用与叶绿素荧光特性的影响. 作物学报, 2008,34(4):675-683. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00675
	LIU R X, WANG Y H, CHEN B L, GUO W Q, ZHOU Z G . Effects of nitrogen levels on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics under drought stress in cotton flowering and boll-forming stage. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2008,34(4):675-683. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00675
[13]	RICHARDS R A . Physiological traits used in the breeding of new cultivars for water-scarce environments. Agricultural Water Management, 2006,80(1):197-211. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.013
[14]	陈凯利, 李建明, 贺会强, 胡晓辉, 姚勇哲, 孙三杰 . 水分对番茄不同叶龄叶片光合作用的影响. 生态学报, 2013,33(16):4919-4929. doi: 10.5846/stxb201205170736
	CHEN K L, LI J M, HE H Q, HU X H, YAO Y Z, SUN S J . Effects of water on photosynthesis in different age of tomato leaves. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013,33(16):4919-4929. (in Chinese) doi: 10.5846/stxb201205170736
[15]	FANG X M, LI Y S, NIE J, WANG C, HUANG K H, ZHANG Y K, ZHANG Y L, SHE H Z, LIU X B, RUAN R W . Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.). Field Crops Research, 2018,219:160-168.
[16]	袁宇霞, 张富仓, 张燕, 索岩松 . 滴灌施肥灌水下限和施肥量对温室番茄生长、产量和生理特性的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2013,31(1):76-83.
	YUAN Y X, ZHANG F C, ZHANG Y, SUO Y S . Effects of irrigation threshold and fertilization on growth, yield and physiological properties of fertigated tomato in greenhouse. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2013,31(1):76-83. (in Chinese)
[17]	倪纪恒, 罗卫红, 李永秀, 戴剑锋, 金亮, 徐国彬, 陈永山, 陈春宏, 卜崇兴, 徐刚 . 温室番茄叶面积与干物质生产的模拟. 中国农业科学, 2005,38(8):1629-1635.
	NI J H, LUO W H, LI Y X, DAI J F, JIN L, XU G B, CHEN Y S, CHEN C H, BU C X, XU G . Simulation of leaf area and dry matter production in greenhouse tomato. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2005,38(8):1629-1635. (in Chinese)
[18]	张富仓, 高月, 焦婉如, 胡文慧 . 水肥供应对榆林沙土马铃薯生长和水肥利用效率的影响. 农业机械学报, 2017,48(3):270-278.
	ZHANG F C, GAO Y, JIAO W R, HU W H . Effect of water and fertilizer supply on growth, water and nutrient use efficiencies of potato in sandy soil of Yulin area. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017,48(3):270-278. (in Chinese)
[19]	HUSSAIN M, FAROOQ S, HASAN W, UL-ALLAHD S, TANVEER M, FAROOQ M, NAWAZ A . Drought stress in sunflower: Physiological effects and its management through breeding and agronomic alternatives. Agricultural Water Management, 2018,201:152-166. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.01.028
[20]	HUSSAIN R A, AHMAD R, NAWAZ F, ASHRAF M Y, WARAICH E A . Foliar NK application mitigates drought effects in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2016,38(4):83.
[21]	PINKERTON A, SIMPSON J R . Interactions of surface drying and subsurface nutrients affecting plant growth on acidic soil profiles from an old pasture. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1986,26(6):681-689. doi: 10.1071/EA9860681
[22]	惠红霞, 许兴, 李前荣 . 外源甜菜碱对盐胁迫下枸杞光合功能的改善. 西北植物学报, 2003,23(12):2137-2422.
	HUI H X, XU X, LI Q R . Exogenous betaine improves photosynthesis of Lycium barbarum under salt stress. Acta Botanica Boreali- Occidentalia Sinica, 2003,23(12):2137-2422. (in Chinese)
[23]	韩瑞宏, 卢欣石, 高桂娟, 杨秀娟 . 紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的光合生理响应. 生态学报, 2007,27(12):5229-5237.
	HAN R H, LU X S, GAO G J, YANG X J . Photosynthetic physiological response of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to drought stress. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007,27(12):5229-5237. (in Chinese)
[24]	HOSSEINZADEH S R, AMIRI H, ISMAILI A . Evaluation of photosynthesis, physiological, and biochemical responses of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Pirouz) under water deficit stress and use of vermicompost fertilizer. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2018,17(11):2426-2437.
[25]	GU J F, ZHOU Z X, LI Z K, CHEN Y, WANG Z Q, ZHANG H . Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with reduced chlorophyll content exhibit higher photosynthetic rate and efficiency, improved canopy light distribution, and greater yields than normally pigmented plants. Field Crops Research, 2017,200:58-70.
[26]	杜清洁, 代侃韧, 李建明, 刘国英, 潘铜华, 常毅博 . 亚低温与干旱胁迫对番茄叶片光合及荧光动力学特性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015,26(6):1687-1694.
	DU Q J, DAI K R, LI J M, LIU G Y, PAN T H, CHANG Y B . Effects of sub-low temperature and drought stress on characteristics of photosynthetic and fluorescence kinetics in tomato leaves. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015,26(6):1687-1694. (in Chinese)
[27]	EVANS J R, TERASHIMA I . Effects of nitrogen nutrition on electron transport components and photosynthesis in spinach. Functional Plant Biology, 1987,14(1):59-68. doi: 10.1071/PP9870059
[28]	POORTER H, EVANS J R . Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency of species that differ inherently in specific leaf area. Oecologia, 1998,116(1/2):26-37. doi: 10.1007/s004420050560
[29]	李建明, 潘铜华, 王玲慧, 杜清洁, 常毅博, 张大龙, 刘媛 . 水肥耦合对番茄光合、产量及水分利用效率的影响. 农业工程学报, 2014,30(10):82-90.
	LI J M, PAN T H, WANG L H, DU Q J, CHANG Y B, ZHANG D L, LIU Y . Effects of water-fertilizer coupling on tomato photosynthesis, yield and water use efficiency. Transactions of the CSAE, 2014,30(10):82-90. (in Chinese)
[30]	ZENG W Z, XU C, WU J W, HUANG J S, ZHAO Q, WU M S . Impacts of salinity and nitrogen on the photosynthetic rate and growth of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.). Pedosphere, 2014,24(5):635-644.
[31]	LI X J, KANG S Z, ZHANG X T, LI F S, LU H N . Deficit irrigation provokes more pronounced responses of maize photosynthesis and water productivity to elevated CO₂. Agricultural Water Management, 2018,195(1):71-83. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.09.017
[32]	FLEXAS J, BOTA J, LORETO F, CORNIC G, SHARKEY T D . Diffusive and metabolic limitations to photosynthesis under drought and salinity in C(3) plants. Plant Biology, 2004,6(3):269-279. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-820867
[33]	SANTOS C V . Regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation by salt stress in sunflower leaves. Scientia Horticulturae, 2004,103(1):93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.009
[34]	WRIGHT I J, REICH P B, WESTOBY M, ACKERLY D D, BARUCH Z, BONGERS F, CAVENDER-BARES J, CHAPIN T, CORNELISSEN J H C, DIEMER M . The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature, 2004,428(6985):821-827. doi: 10.1038/nature02403
[35]	HU W, JIANG N, YANG J S, MENG Y L, WANG Y H, CHEN B L, ZHAO W Q, OOSTERHUIS D M, ZHOU Z G . Potassium (K) supply affects K accumulation and photosynthetic physiology in two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars with different K sensitivities. Field Crops Research, 2016,196:51-63.
[36]	HERBERT D A, FOWNES J H . Phosphorus limitation of forest leaf area and net primary production on a highly weathered soil. Biogeochemistry, 1995,29(3):223-235. doi: 10.1007/BF02186049

Related Articles 15

[1]	PENG TingShen, LU JiuYan, WU MeiLin, YAN YuXin, LIU HongZhou, NAN WenBin, QIN XiaoJian, LI Ming, GONG JunYi, LIANG YongShu. QTL Analysis of Yield-Related Traits in Both Huangnuo2^# and Changbai7^# of Perennial Chinese Rice [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1361-1379.
[2]	WANG YuPing, FU Zhi, SUN JiaYing, MU XiaoMeng, LIU HuiLin, GUO JinYun, SONG WenJing, HOU LeiPing, ZHAO HaiLiang. Evaluation of the Mitigating Effect and Application Efficacy of Melatonin Applied at the Seedling Stage on Short-Term Chilling Stress in Tomato Plants [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(7): 1523-1535.
[3]	WANG JiaNuo, CHEN GuiPing, LI Pan, WANG LiPing, NAN YunYou, HE Wei, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHAI Qiang, YIN Wen, ZHAO LiaoHao. Photo-Physiological Mechanism at Grain Filling Stage of No-Tillage with Plastic Re-Mulching to Increase Maize Yield in Oasis Irrigation Areas [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1189-1202.
[4]	ZHOU XinJie, REN Hao, CHEN YingLong, ZHANG JiWang, ZHAO Bin, REN BaiZhao, LIU Peng, WANG HongZhang. Effects of Calcium Peroxide on Root Morphology and Yield Formation of Summer Maize in Waterlogging Farmland [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1203-1216.
[5]	HE JiHang, ZHANG Qing, LÜ XiangYue, XUE JiQuan, XU ShuTu, LIU JianChao. Evaluation of Nitrogen Efficiency of Different Stay-Green Maize Hybrids [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(6): 1217-1230.
[6]	WU YuanYuan, LÜ ShuWen, ZHANG ZiJun, WANG Tao, ZHANG YiMing, BU LingChao, ZOU QingDao, JIANG Jing. Mixed Major Gene+Polygene Genetic Analysis of Blossom-End Scar Size in Tomato Fruit [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(5): 1060-1069.
[7]	HAO Kun, CHEN HongDe, ZHANG Wei, ZHONG Yun, DANG MeiRong, ZHU ShiJiang, HUANG ZhiKun, JIN Ying. Comprehensive Evaluation of Water-Nitrogen Management Under Surge-Root Irrigation Based on Citrus Yield, Quality, and Water- Nitrogen Use Efficiency [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 862-873.
[8]	GUO FuCheng, TANG HaiJiang, HAO XinYi, MA GuoLin, YANG JiuJu, HUANG LinFeng, TIAN Lei, WANG Bin, LUO ChengKe. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Water-Salt Transport, Rice Yield, and Water Use Efficiency in Saline Soil in Ningxia [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(4): 750-764.
[9]	YAN TingLin, DU YaDan, HU XiaoTao, WANG He, LI XiaoYan, WANG YuMing, NIU WenQuan, GU XiaoBo. The Impacts of Nitrogen Fertilizer Organic Alternatives Under Aerated Drip Irrigation on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency Under Deficit Irrigation Conditions [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(3): 602-618.
[10]	YANG Rui, CHEN JingDong, HUANG Ying, XIE LingLi, ZHANG XueKun, ZHOU DengWen, LIU QingYun, XU JinSong, XU BenBo. Genetic Improvement and Configuration Analysis of High-Yield Rapeseed Lines in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 250-264.
[11]	CHEN GuiPing, WEI JinGui, GUO Yao, LI Pan, WANG FeiEr, QIU HaiLong, FENG FuXue, YIN Wen. Synergistic Effects of Wide-Narrow Row and Density Enhancement on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Resource Utilization of Maize in Oasis Irrigation Areas [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 278-291.
[12]	CAI TingYang, ZHU YuPeng, LI RuiDong, WU ZongSheng, XU YiFan, SONG WenWen, XU CaiLong, WU CunXiang. Effects of Leaf-Cutting at Seedling Stage on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Pod Distribution and Yield Formation in Soybean in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 292-304.
[13]	ZHANG ZhiYong, TAN ShiChao, XIONG ShuPing, MA XinMing, WEI YiHao, WANG XiaoChun. Effects of Annual Water and Nitrogen Optimization on Yield and Nitrogen Migration of Wheat-Maize Rotation System in Irrigation Area of Northern Henan [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 336-353.
[14]	LÜ XuDong, SUN ShiYuan, LI YaNan, LIU YuLong, WANG YanQun, FU Xin, ZHANG JiaYing, NING Peng, PENG ZhengPing. Effects of Intelligent Mechanized Layered Fertilization on Root-Soil Nutrient Distribution and Yield in Wheat Fields [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 129-146.
[15]	LU Hao, ZHANG MingLong, HAN Mei, YAN QingBiao, LI ZhengPeng, YIN Wen, FAN ZhiLong, HU FaLong, CHAI Qiang. Green Manure Returning via Sheep Digest with Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction are Beneficial to Improve Wheat Yield and Soil Quality at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 147-160.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	叶面积指数LAI				叶绿素含量Chl (g?kg^-1)
灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	51 d	63 d	89 d	117 d	52 d	6 5d	90 d	118 d
	F1	1.39a	2.51a	3.77ab	4.48ab	2.16a	2.42a	3.14a	2.78a
W1	F2	1.38a	2.36b	3.60abc	4.08bc	2.14a	2.21b	3.03b	2.65abc
	F3	1.25abc	2.19c	3.18bcd	3.80cd	2.00bc	2.10cd	2.84c	2.62bcd
	F1	1.30abc	2.21c	2.92cde	3.59de	2.05ab	2.10c	2.95b	2.63bc
W2	F2	1.21abc	2.24bc	2.82de	3.42def	1.96bcd	2.07cd	2.79c	2.56cd
	F3	1.04bc	2.00d	2.71de	3.12fg	1.90cd	2.00d	2.63d	2.39ef
	F1	1.22abc	1.82e	2.91cde	3.20efg	1.85d	2.04cd	2.55de	2.54cde
W3	F2	1.05bc	1.99d	2.68de	3.10fg	1.92bcd	2.00cd	2.63d	2.47def
	F3	1.01c	1.52f	2.41e	2.89g	1.69e	1.86e	2.51e	2.37f
CK		1.31ab	2.60a	3.96a	4.62a	2.05ab	2.35a	3.02b	2.75ab
灌溉 Irrigation		*	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
施肥 Fertilization		*	**	ns	**	**	**	**	**
灌溉×施肥 Irrigation×Fertilization		ns	*	ns	ns	ns	*	**	ns

灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	叶片N含量 Leaf N content (g?kg^-1)				叶片P含量 Leaf P content (g?kg^-1)				叶片K含量 Leaf K content (g?kg^-1)
灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	51 d	63 d	89 d	117 d	51 d	63 d	89 d	117 d	51 d	63 d	89 d	117 d
	F1	44.89ab	47.20a	42.95a	37.62a	6.65a	6.90a	6.83a	6.58a	32.98a	33.52a	34.92a	28.23a
W1	F2	45.59a	45.68ab	38.82abcd	35.68ab	6.22ab	6.84a	6.77a	5.70abc	30.45abc	31.52abc	31.57abc	26.32ab
	F3	44.17abc	43.64abc	36.03cde	30.92bc	6.16abc	6.29abc	6.35ab	5.65bc	29.27bcd	29.62bcd	30.67abc	25.27abc
	F1	44.32abc	44.39abc	39.94abc	35.08ab	6.14abc	6.52ab	6.80a	6.47ab	30.17bcd	32.03ab	32.95ab	26.37ab
W2	F2	41.74c	41.53bc	36.54bcde	33.80ab	5.31cd	6.31abc	6.23ab	5.60bc	28.10cd	30.52bc	28.37abc	22.95cd
	F3	42.94abc	43.22abc	35.86cde	26.83cd	5.67bcd	6.49ab	6.32ab	4.45d	27.98cd	29.07bcd	28.30abc	23.38bcd
	F1	42.05c	43.10abc	36.00cde	32.59b	6.10abc	6.37ab	6.24ab	6.46ab	28.55cd	30.12bcd	31.30abc	23.62bcd
W3	F2	42.37bc	41.00c	34.72de	25.62d	5.30cd	5.95bc	6.61ab	4.97cd	28.07cd	27.45d	27.20bc	25.00abcd
	F3	36.32d	36.57d	33.76e	22.83d	5.06d	5.70c	5.64b	4.62d	27.48d	28.53cd	24.52c	22.00d
CK		44.09abc	41.40bc	40.96ab	34.45ab	6.38ab	6.59a	7.08a	5.70abc	31.40ab	30.63abc	34.35ab	26.23ab
灌溉 Irrigation		**	**	**	**	**	**	ns	ns	**	*	*	*
施肥 Fertilization		**	*	*	**	**	ns	ns	**	*	*	*	*
灌溉×施肥 Irrigation×Fertilization		*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	净光合速率Pn (μmol?m^-2?s^-1)				气孔导度Gs (mol?m^-2?s^-1)				蒸腾速率Tr (mmol?m^-2?s^-1)
灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	52 d	65 d	90 d	118 d	52 d	65 d	90 d	118 d	52 d	65 d	90 d	118 d
	F1	22.92a	27.24a	25.46a	23.20a	1.31a	1.15b	1.16a	0.83a	8.54abc	15.89a	15.87a	13.81ab
W1	F2	21.71bc	26.22ab	22.34bc	20.79b	1.24a	1.06c	0.96bc	0.70b	7.97bc	14.49b	14.02b	13.15bc
	F3	21.41c	24.35b	19.47de	18.53c	1.05b	1.02c	0.76d	0.63b	7.13cde	14.22b	12.11cd	12.83c
	F1	20.70c	24.28b	20.96cd	19.35bc	1.01b	0.89d	0.89c	0.66b	7.42bcde	12.82c	12.42c	13.02bc
W2	F2	18.61d	20.90c	18.97de	18.20cd	0.99bc	0.86de	0.74d	0.62bc	8.90ab	12.54cd	11.59cde	12.44cd
	F3	18.28d	19.50cd	18.81de	16.53d	0.90cd	0.84de	0.63e	0.53cd	7.60bcd	12.42cd	11.99cd	11.55de
	F1	16.50e	19.01cd	18.24de	14.50e	0.61f	0.80ef	0.58e	0.44de	8.36bc	11.91cd	11.08def	10.83e
W3	F2	16.81e	18.45d	18.47de	14.65e	0.88d	0.73f	0.62e	0.48de	5.82e	11.71d	10.47ef	11.40e
	F3	16.10e	18.14d	17.24e	14.32e	0.73e	0.63g	0.42f	0.42e	6.07de	10.24e	10.22f	10.62e
CK		22.87ab	25.45ab	24.83ab	23.18a	1.29a	1.37a	1.02b	0.83a	10.07a	16.54a	14.80ab	14.13a
灌溉 Irrigation		**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
施肥 Fertilization		**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	ns	**	**	*
灌溉×施肥 Irrigation×Fertilization		ns	ns	ns	ns	**	ns	**	ns	*	ns	**	ns

灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	植株养分累积量 Plant nutrient accumulation amount (kg?hm^-2)			果实养分累积量 Fruit nutrient accumulation amount (kg?hm^-2)
灌溉水平 Irrigation level	施肥水平 Fertilizer level	N	P	K	N	P	K
	F1	270.95a	74.80ab	330.36a	129.19a	38.01a	232.91a
W1	F2	239.46bc	71.16abc	298.19bc	113.54b	36.11abc	208.22bc
	F3	225.29cd	68.37c	290.41cd	110.69b	35.00abcd	203.21bc
	F1	236.92bc	69.54bc	294.82bcd	110.29b	33.19cde	203.30bc
W2	F2	217.40d	65.97cd	277.67de	103.18bcd	32.14de	194.94cd
	F3	194.85e	58.06e	265.18e	92.48de	30.54e	186.08de
	F1	217.00d	67.13cd	289.28cd	104.91bc	33.27bcde	204.92bc
W3	F2	197.88e	61.64de	276.11de	96.19cd	30.24e	198.93bcd
	F3	173.31f	59.35e	245.06f	83.21e	30.59e	175.72e
CK		245.80b	76.26a	310.73b	113.20b	36.56ab	214.35b
灌溉 Irrigation		**	**	**	**	**	**
施肥 Fertilization		**	**	**	**	*	**
灌溉×施肥 Irrigation×Fertilization		ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

指标 Index	叶绿素含量 Chl				气孔导度 Gs
指标 Index	52 d	65 d	90 d	118 d	52 d	65 d	90 d	118 d
净光合速率 Pn	0.890**	0.881**	0.921**	0.904**	0.939**	0.855**	0.958**	0.992**
蒸腾速率 Tr	0.504	0.956**	0.917**	0.915**	0.515	0.986**	0.951**	0.986**
气孔导度 Gs	0.880**	0.919**	0.981**	0.910**	—	—	—	—

Responses of Plant Nutrient and Photosynthesis in Greenhouse Tomato to Water-Fertilizer Coupling and Their Relationship with Yield

RichHTML

PDF