灌浆期遮光对糯小麦和非糯小麦淀粉组分及理化特性的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.09.004

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this experiment is to comprehensively study the effects of shading at grain filling stage on physicochemical properties of waxy wheat and non-waxy wheat starch, and reveal the intrinsic relationship between the starch components and physicochemical properties of wheat starch. 【Method】In fields, waxy wheat cultivar Nongdanuo 50222 and non-waxy wheat cultivar Lunxuan 987 were used as the material to investigate the effects of shading at grain filling stage on starch components and physicochemical properties. The photosynthetic active radiation was cut off by 60% at early grain filling stage (1-10 d), middle grain filling stage (11-20 d) and later grain filling stage (21-30 d), the natural condition was taken as the control (CK). 【Result】The content of total starch, amylose and amylopectin were decreased significantly after shading at grain filling stage, the effect of shading at early grain filling stage was maximum, while later grain filling stage was minimum, and starch content of Lunxuan 987 was much more sensitive to shading than Nongdanuo 50222. The amylose/amylopectin ratio of Lunxuan 987 was increased at each shading treatment during the grain filling, while Nongdanuo 50222 was decreased at the early and middle grain filling stages. The B-granules volume, surface and number proportion of Lunxuan987 increased significantly, and those of A-granules decreased after shading at early and later grain filling stages. The B-granules volume, surface and number proportion of Nongdanuo 50222 were increased, while those of A-granules decreased at each shading stage. The relative crystallinity of starch was decreased after shading at grain filling stage, and with the shading delaying, the effects on relative crystallinity were decreased. But the relative crystallinity of Nongdanuo 50222 starch was significantly greater than Lunxuan 987. The peak viscosity, valley viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown value of the Lunxuan987 starch were decreased after shading at early and middle grain filling stages. While the above indexes of Nongdanuo 50222 starch were decreased and significantly higher than Lunxuan 987 starch at each shading stage. Correlation analysis showed that the amylose content and the amylose/amylopectin ratio were negatively correlated with the final viscosity, setback value, peak viscosity, valley viscosity and pasting time. The amylopectin content was positively correlated with the above indexes. The B-granules volume proportion was negatively correlated with the final viscosity and setback value. The B-granules surface proportion had a significant positive correlation with relative crystallinity, final viscosity, setback value and pasting time, and was negatively correlated with pasting temperature. 【Conclusion】Shading at different grain filling stages changed the wheat endosperm starch composition, granule size distribution, relative crystallinity and pasting parameters. There were significant correlations between wheat endosperm starch components and physicochemical properties, which indicated that the effects of shading on starch components indirectly affected the physicochemical properties of wheat.

Key words: wheat, grain starch, shading, starch components, physicochemical properties

LIU XiWei, ZHANG Min, ZHANG YuChun, YANG Min, SONG XiaoJun, CAI RuiGuo. Effects of Shading at Grain Filling Stages on Starch Components and Physicochemical Properties of the Waxy Wheat and Non-Waxy Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(9): 1582-1593.

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