Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 452-461.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.03.005

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY·AGRICULTURE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Morphological Characters and Physiological Mechanisms of Cold Resistance of Winter Rapeseed in Northern China

 YANG  Ning-Ning-1, 3 , SUN  Wan-Cang-2, 3 , LIU  Zi-Gang-1, 2 , 3 , SHI  Peng-Hui-1, 3 , FANG  Yan-1, 2 , 3 , WU  Jun-Yan-2, 3 , ZENG  Xiu-Cun-1, 3 , KONG  De-Jing-1, 3 , LU  Mei-Hong-1, 3 , WANG  Yue-1, 3   

  1. 1、Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science in Gansu Province/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou 730070;
    2、Gansu Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou 730070;
    3、College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2013-07-28 Online:2014-02-01 Published:2013-10-28

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Abstract: 【Objective】Low temperature is one of the important factors affecting the growth of the northern winter rapeseed, so it is very essential to study the mechanism of the cold resistance of winter rapeseed. The aim of the paper was to study the cold resistance of winter rapeseed by morphological characters, physiological and anatomical characteristics, then evaluate an relationship between the indexes and cold resistance, select reliable index of the cold resistance of winter rapeseed and establish an evaluation model for cold resistance, which will provide a basis for germplasm discovery and identification of cold resistance in Northern China.【Method】Seven different cold resistant winter rapeseeds were treated under low temperature at 8-leaf stage, the growth habits and leaf anatomical characteristics were observed and the physiologic index, biochemical index, root diameter and root dry weight were determined. The cold resistance of these winter rapeseeds was analyzed and a evaluation model was built by main component analysis, regression analysis, cluster analysis and path analysis. 【Result】A negative correlation was presented between LT50 and wintering rate, POD activity at 5℃ to 0℃, CAT activity at 0℃ to -5℃, free proline content at 10℃ to 5℃ (X1), soluble protein content at 5℃ to 0℃ (X2), growth habits (X5), root diameter and underground dry matter (X6). A positive correlation was presented between LT50 and POD activity at 0℃ to -5℃, ratio of palisade tissue against spongy tissue (X3), thickness of palisade tissue, thickness of leaf, stomatal area (X4). 【Conclusion】The cold resistance order of 7 cultivars by principal component analysis was the same as the wintering rate. Six indexes were chosen by regression analysis to build mathematical evaluation model, i.e., Y=-7.58-0.018X1- 0.542X2+3.903 X3-0.002 X4+0.195X5-0.066X6, (R2=1.000). The materials were divided into five clases by cluster analysis, and for the winter rapeseed classification of strong cold resistance, it showed creeping growth, small ratio of palisade tissue against spongy tissue, small stomatal area, large dry weight of root, large increase of POD activity and SP content when it is cold. The result is consistent with the sort. The path analysis result indicates that soluble protein content is the direct factor for the cold resistance of winter rapeseed.

Key words: winter rapeseed , cold resistance , morphological characteristics , physiological characteristics , anatomical structure , evaluation

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