外源硝普钠对碱胁迫下水稻幼苗糖代谢的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.02.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as an exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor, plays a critical regulatory role in plant stress responses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous SNP on sugar metabolism in rice seedlings under alkaline stress, for providing a theoretical basis for elucidating the mechanism of SNP enhancing rice alkali tolerance. 【Method】 Seedlings of rice cultivars Zhonghua 11 and Ningjing 52 were used as test materials. Four treatments were applied: control (CK), CK+SNP (50 µmol·L^-1), alkaline stress (AS, a mixed alkaline solution containing NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ at a 1:1 ratio, pH 9.55, 20 mmol·L^-1), and AS+SNP (20 mmol·L^-1 AS+50 µmol·L^-1 SNP). The effects of these treatments on sugar metabolism in the seedlings of the two rice cultivars were analyzed. 【Result】 Compared with AS treatment, AS+SNP treatment significantly increased rice seedling height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of rice seedlings. AS+SNP treatment upregulated the expression of chlorophyll synthase-related genes (OsChlH, OsCAO1, and OsCAO2), thereby increasing chlorophyll content and promoting photosynthesis. Concurrently, it upregulated the expression of the sucrose invertase gene OsNIN1, leading to decreased fructose and sucrose content but increased glucose content, which facilitated glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, promoting the accumulation of malate and citrate to maintain energy balance. Additionally, SNP induced the expression of sucrose phosphate synthase OsSPS1, gibberellin synthase-related genes (OsGA3ox2, and OsGA20ox1), and proline synthesis gene (OsP5CS), increasing the levels of gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), proline (Pro), and soluble sugar. This regulation helped maintain osmotic and hormonal balance and promoted sucrose transport from source to sink tissues. 【Conclusion】 Exogenous SNP application enhanced rice seedling tolerance to alkaline stress by upregulating chlorophyll biosynthesis genes, promoting chlorophyll accumulation, and sustaining photosynthetic efficiency, thereby facilitating glucose synthesis. Moreover, SNP activated glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, directing sugar metabolites toward malate and citrate production, thus promoting organic acid accumulation. Additionally, exogenous SNP modulated osmotic regulation and GA/ABA hormonal balance, facilitating sucrose transport and sugar metabolic pathway activation, and ensuring efficient energy metabolism. These mechanisms collectively improved rice seedling resilience under alkaline stress.

Key words: NO, alkaline stress, sugar metabolism, gene expression, physiological response, rice

LIAO TingLu, SHI YaFei, XIAO DongHao, SHE YangMengFei, GUO FuCheng, YANG JiuJu, TANG HaiJiang, LUO ChengKe. The Effect of Exogenous Nitroprusside on Sugar Metabolism in Rice Seedlings Under Alkaline Stress[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 265-277.

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基因名称 Gene symbol	RGAP ID RGAP ID	引物 Primer sequence (5′—3′) (forward/reverse)	产物长度 Product size (bp)
OsP5CS	LOC_Os05g38150	AATGACAGTTTAGCAGGAC/ACCACTATACAACCCATCC	87
OsNIN1	LOC_Os03g20020	CTATTCTGCTTTGCGTTGT/CTGAGCCTGTAGTTGATGG	87
OsSUS5	LOC_Os04g24430	GCATTCGGGCTAACGGTCAT/ATTCCTGCCTCCCTGTCGT	140
OsSPS1	LOC_Os01g69030	GGCACAGCAAGACACTCCC/CGCCACGAACTAGACCATG	134
OsYGL1	LOC_Os05g28200	CTGTTGGTGGGTCCTTGCTT/TAGCTCGCACCAAGAGCAAA	97
OsCAO1	LOC_Os10g41780	TGCTCATCAAGCCTTCCTTCAGGTG/GCGTTGTTCTTTGCATAGTCAGCTC	115
OsCAO2	LOC_Os10g41760	CTGCTCGTCAAGCCTTCCTCCTCCT/CCCTCATGTTGTTCTTGGCATGTTG	130
OsFd1	LOC_Os08g01380	CAGGCGGAGGAGGAAGGGAT/TAGGCGTGGCAGGTGAGGAC	161
OsChlH	LOC_Os03g20700	CCAATCCGTAACCCGAAGGT/CAATAATTTTGGCGCTCTTCAA	103
OsNCED2	LOC_Os12g24800	TCCGCAATGGTCCCAACC/ACAGTGTTGACGAGGCCG	111
OsABA8ox2	LOC_Os08g36860	TGGCCAAGCTGGAGATGC/ACGGGCTGTACTCCACCT	96
OsGA3ox2	LOC_Os01g08220	TGTTCTTGAGGGCGCTGG/GTCGCCGTCATCCTCTCG	85
OsGA20ox1	LOC_Os03g63970	GGTGCATGGACGCCTTCT/CTTCCACGGCAGCTTGGA	125

The Effect of Exogenous Nitroprusside on Sugar Metabolism in Rice Seedlings Under Alkaline Stress

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[4]	ZHANG MengBo, TAN HongBing, SHEN Tian, XU MeiLong, ZHOU XinMing, FANG YuLin, JU YanLun. Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts and Anti-transpirant Treatments on Wine Quality [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(2): 413-436.
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[9]	DONG GuiChun, WANG ZiHan, WANG ShuShen, LI Jie, HUO XiaoQing, YANG Rui, ZHOU Juan, SHU XiaoWei, LI Yan, CAO LiangJing, WANG ZiRui, YAO YouLi, HUANG JianYe. Technical Approaches for Enhancing Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency with Sulfur-Coated Controlled-Release Fertilizers [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 57-77.
[10]	LI YunLi, DIAO DengChao, LIU YaRui, SUN YuChen, MENG XiangYu, WU ChenFang, WANG Yu, WU JianHui, LI ChunLian, ZENG QingDong, HAN DeJun, ZHENG WeiJun. Genome-Wide Association Study of Heat Tolerance at Seedling Stage in A Wheat Natural Population [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1663-1683.
[11]	ZHANG YiRu, HAN Xue, YAO XinJie, FENG Jun, WEI AiLi, LI WenChao, ZHANG Bin, HAN YuanHuai, LI HongYing. Integrated Multi-Omics Elucidates the Pigmentation Dynamics During Post-Harvest Maturation in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1702-1718.
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[13]	WANG BingJie, QIN ShiHan, LI DeCheng, HU WenYou, JIANG Jun, CHI FengQin, ZHANG Chao, ZHANG JiuMing, XU YingDe, WANG JingKuan. Spatial Distribution Pattern and Transfer Function Construction of Soil Bulk Density in Nenjiang City, Heilongjiang Province [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(9): 1791-1803.
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[15]	LIU JinSong, WU LongMei, BAO XiaoZhe, LIU ZhiXia, ZHANG Bin, YANG TaoTao. Effects of a Short-Term Reduction in Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on the Grain Yield and Rice Quality of Early and Late-Season Dual-Use Rice in South China [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(8): 1508-1520.