30个重要小麦生产品种抗叶锈性基因分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.007

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Leaf rust is an important wheat disease and it has a great influence on wheat yield. Breeding durable resistant cultivars can economically and effectively control the disease. The objective of this study is to identify leaf rust resistance genes in 30 wheat cultivars from China by gene postulation, molecular marker-assisted selection, adult plant resistance identification and pedigree analysis.【Method】The cultivars were tested for seedling responses in the greenhouse to 18 Puccinia triticina pathotypes (PHGQ, THJT, PHJT, KHJS, PHJS, THTT?, KHHT, FHRT, FHJQ, PHTT, THTT?, PHTT, FHTR, FHHT?, FHHT?, TGGT, FHTT, FGMT) and to a mixed pathotypes (FHRT, THTT, THJT) for slow leaf rusting resistance in the field in 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 cropping seasons in Zhoukou, Henan Province and Baoding, Hebei Province. CIMMYT line SAAR, with typical slow rusting resistance and Zhengzhou 5389, a highly susceptible line were used as slow rusting and susceptible checks, respectively. Differential sets containing 36 near-isogenic lines (NILs) in a background of Thatcher with known leaf rust resistance genes were used to compare the infection types of the cultivars at seedling stage. The software IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 was used for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and for determining least standard deviations (LSDs) for comparing the FDS (the final diseases severity) among the wheat cultivars. Cultivars which were susceptible to the mixed pathotypes and had lower or non-significantly higher values of FDS than those of the slow rusting check in field trials were considered to be slow rusting cultivars.【Result】Gene postulation combined with pedigree analysis, and markers detection results showed that four cultivars, viz. Een 5, Emai 14, Shaan 229, and Xinong 979 contained Lr1; 10 cultivars (Een 1, Een 5, Een 6, Guinong 16, Shaan 225, Shaan 354, Shaan 715, Shaanhe 6, Shaanmai 509 and Shaannong 7859) carried Lr26, two cultivars (Shaan 225 and Xiaoyan 81) contained slow rust resistance gene Lr46 by molecular marker detection; three varieties (Xinong 979, Shaan 229, and Guinong 16) might contain Lr13. All cultivars didn’t carry resistance genes, viz. Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24, and Lr34. Based on the leaf rust resistance phenotype data in the field through four environments, a total of 18 cultivars showed slow rusting resistance. The variance analysis results showed that the genotypes-years interactions and the genotypes-locations were highly significant differences but genotypes-replicates interaction was not significant. At the same time, highly significant differences were found for wheat genotypes and environment (seasons and locations) for FDS in the field trials, but its effect on variation was much less than the genotypic differences. Therefore, these suggested that the expression of wheat leaf rust resistance was mainly influenced by genotypes and environments.【Conclusion】Four resistance genes, viz. Lr1, Lr26, Lr13, and Lr46 were found in 14 wheat cultivars among 30 released winter wheat cultivars in China, but known leaf resistance genes could not be detected in other 16 cultivars. A total of 18 cultivars might carry slow rust resistance genes according to the field resistance data. All slow rusting materials may contain unknown plant leaf rust resistance genes, which need further genetic identification.

Key words: wheat leaf rust, gene postulation, adult plant resistance, molecular marker-assisted selection

YAN XiaoCui, LI ZaiFeng, YANG HuaLi, ZHANG HuanHuan, GEBREWAHID Takele Weldu, YAO ZhanJun, LIU DaQun, ZHOU Yue. Analysis of Wheat Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in 30 Important Wheat Cultivars[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(2): 272-285.

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