15年保护性耕作对黄土坡耕地区土壤及团聚体固碳效应的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.23.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Conservation tillage is an essential measure as its function in improving the soil organic carbon (SOC) contents and the stabilization of soil aggregation. The objectives of this study are to (i) reveal the SOC sequestration under 15-year tillage systems and (ii) evaluate the contributions of different sizes of aggregates on carbon sequestration in the Loess Hilly region of China. 【Method】A long-term tillage experiment, started in 1999, was used for the study. The tillage treatments included: reduced tillage (RT), no-tillage (NT), sub-soiling with mulch (SM), and conventional tillage (CT). Recorded winter wheat yields and SOC contents at depths of 0-10 cm during the 15 years were used to estimate C input and SOC stocks, and soil samples collected in 2013 were separated into＞2, 1-2, 0.25-1, 0.053-0.25, and＜0.053 mm using a wet sieving method and the content of organic carbon in these aggregates were analyzed. 【Result】SOC stocks in the 0-10 cm soil layer of NT and SM were 10.9 and 10.6 t C?hm^-2, and were significantly larger than RT and NT. SOC sequestration rates of NT and SM were 0.09 and 0.06 t C?hm^-2?a^-1. Microaggregate stored most of the organic carbon, accounting for 65% of the total organic carbon stock of the aggregate, implying that microaggregate plays an important role in SOC stock. But the organic carbon contents of microaggregates were not sensitive to tillage, indicating a C saturation in the microaggregate. Macroaggregates had higher organic carbon contents, which were about 3-8 times that of the microaggregates, and the organic carbon contents of macroaggregates were sensitive to tillage. Organic carbon stocks of macroaggregate responded positively to cumulative C input, and that means macroaggregates had a high carbon sequestration potential. SOC sequestration significantly increased with the increase of cumulative carbon inputs. To maintain the soil organic carbon stock at a stable level, the minimum annual need for C input amount was 2.4 t C?hm^-2. 【Conclusion】The long-term conservation tillage (included no-tillage and sub-soiling and mulch management), is a sustainable soil carbon enhancement method for these dryland soils for the Loess Hilly region of China, it significantly promoted C sequestration and the newly organic C was mainly accumulated in the macroaggregates.

Key words: conservation tillage, long-term trial, carbon fixation rate, aggregate organic carbon

LI Jing, WU Hui-jun, WU Xue-ping, CAI Dian-xiong, WANG Bi-sheng, LIANG Guo-peng, YAO Yu-qing, Lü Jun-jie. Effects of 15-Year Conservation Tillage on Soil and Aggregate Organic Carbon Sequestration in the Loess Hilly Region of China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(23): 4690-4697.

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