冬小麦生育期内土壤氮素的时空变异

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2015.20.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study’s aim was to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in a soil solution within the growth stage of winter wheat, and to analyze the influence on the change of their content under variable topdressing treatments, in order to provide references for the cultivation and management of field crops. 【Method】To take the 2013-2014 year winter wheat experiment at National Precision Agriculture Experimental Station as an example, two methods including conventional statistics and geostatistics were respectively used to explore the variation characteristics of the time series and spatial structure characteristics of the ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, making the interpolation charts of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen with ordinary kriging interpolation, and finally analyzing the spatial variation rules of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a whole growth stage of winter wheat. 【Result】Through the conventional statistic analysis: From the upstage to the harvest stage of winter wheat, the ammonium nitrogen content in soil solution was not obviously influenced by topdressing and had a decreasing trend while the nitrate nitrogen content was influenced by topdressing, and the performance for that change was first a decrease then an increase and decrease; The change of ammonium nitrogen had no difference between different topdressing treatments in the up, jointing, flowering, and filling stages, and has a significant or great significant difference between the D treatment, S treatment, and others in the harvest stage; while that of nitrate nitrogen made no difference between different treatments in the up and flowering stages, and showed a great significant difference between the BH treatment and others in the jointing stage, and showed a great significant difference between the CK and T, D, and S treatments in the filling stage, and showed a significant or great significant difference between the D treatment and others in the harvest stage. Through the geostatistics analysis: The spatial distribution of ammonium nitrogen showed more even, continuous, and higher spatial autocorrelation in the up, jointing, and harvest stages, and showed larger differences and more serious influences by random factors in the flowering and filling stages while that of nitrate nitrogen showed a more even, continuous, and higher spatial autocorrelation in the jointing, filling, and harvest stages, and showed larger differences and a lower spatial autocorrelation in the up and flowering stages. Through analyzing the spatial interpolation charts of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the north of experimental area was lower than that in the south in the up and jointing stages, and showed high in the whole experimental area in the flowering and filling stages, and then became higher in the north of the experimental area than that in the south in the harvest stage, while that of ammonium nitrogen in the north of experimental area was lower than that in the south in the up stage, showed a rising trend gradually from the north to the south in the experimental area, and had a strip distribution. In the flowering and filling stages, its spatial distribution had a big difference, in the harvest stage the content of ammonium nitrogen in the north of the experimental area was obviously higher than that in the south. 【Conclusion】Variable topdressing has no influence on the change of ammonium nitrogen and increases the content of nitrate nitrogen in the flowering stage, and there exists something different in changing their content between different treatments within one growth stage.

Key words: soil solution, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, variable topdressing, temporal and spatial variation

MA Ya-bin, SONG Xiao-yu, YANG Gui-jun, WANG Ren-hong, QUAN Bin, JING Xia, LIU Xiao. Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Nitrogen Within Growth Stage of Winter Wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(20): 4086-4099.

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