中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (20): 4204-4214.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.20.009
收稿日期:
2020-03-07
接受日期:
2020-04-22
出版日期:
2020-10-16
发布日期:
2020-10-26
通讯作者:
成卫宁
作者简介:
陈锐,E-mail: 基金资助:
CHEN Rui1(),GAO He1,ZHANG GuoJun1,ZHU KeYan2,CHENG WeiNing1(
)
Received:
2020-03-07
Accepted:
2020-04-22
Online:
2020-10-16
Published:
2020-10-26
Contact:
WeiNing CHENG
摘要:
【目的】明确小麦灌浆期籽粒次生物质含量与麦红吸浆虫(Sitodiplosis mosellena)幼虫谷胱甘肽转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST)、羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase,CarE)和细胞色素P450 酶系(cytochrome P450,CYP450)活性及相关基因表达的关系,探讨次生物质在小麦对麦红吸浆虫抗性中的作用及麦红吸浆虫的解毒代谢机制。【方法】2016年5月采用剥穗调查法对陕西省周至县试验田种植的4个抗虫和4个感虫小麦品种(系)进行麦红吸浆虫幼虫危害调查,并收集各品种(系)灌浆期籽粒及取食各品种(系)灌浆期籽粒的麦红吸浆虫幼虫;采用比色皿法、香草醛法、Folin-Ciocalteu法和亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝显色法分别测定收集的小麦籽粒阿魏酸、单宁、总酚和总黄酮含量,酶联免疫吸附法和qPCR方法分别检测收集的麦红吸浆虫幼虫GST、CarE和CYP450活性及其编码基因GST1、CarE2和CYP6A1 mRNA表达水平,分析次生物质含量与小麦对麦红吸浆虫抗性以及麦红吸浆虫解毒酶活性和基因表达的相关性。【结果】不同小麦品种(系)灌浆期籽粒阿魏酸、单宁、总酚和总黄酮含量差异明显,其中阿魏酸和单宁含量以抗虫品种科农1006最高,总酚含量以抗虫品种晋麦47最高,总黄酮含量以感虫品种西农88最高;取食不同品种(系)小麦的吸浆虫幼虫GST、CarE和CYP450活性及GST1、CarE2和CYP6A1表达水平差异亦明显,GST和CarE活性分别以取食抗虫品种科农1006和陕麦139的最高,CYP450活性以取食感虫品种小偃6号的最高;GST1和CarE2表达水平在取食抗虫品种的幼虫中均高于取食感虫品种,CYP6A1表达水平在取食抗、感性品种的幼虫中表现无规律。相关分析表明,小麦籽粒阿魏酸含量与穗被害率、粒被害率、单穗虫口和估计损失4个小麦对吸浆虫的抗性指标均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),单宁、总酚和总黄酮含量与4个指标相关性不显著。取食不同品种(系)小麦的吸浆虫幼虫GST和CarE活性与小麦籽粒阿魏酸含量呈显著正相关,CYP450活性与单宁含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),总酚和总黄酮含量与3种解毒酶活性相关性不显著;GST1和CarE2表达水平分别与其GST和CarE活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05),但CYP6A1表达水平与CYP450活性相关性不显著。【结论】阿魏酸是小麦抗麦红吸浆虫的主要次生物质,能够诱导麦红吸浆虫幼虫GST、CarE活性和相关基因的表达,它们共同作用参与麦红吸浆虫对小麦次生物质的代谢和适应。
陈锐,高贺,张国军,朱克岩,成卫宁. 小麦籽粒次生物质对麦红吸浆虫幼虫解毒酶活性及基因表达的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(20): 4204-4214.
CHEN Rui,GAO He,ZHANG GuoJun,ZHU KeYan,CHENG WeiNing. Effects of Secondary Metabolites in Wheat Kernels on Activities of Three Detoxifying Enzymes and Related Gene Expression in Sitodiplosis mosellena[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(20): 4204-4214.
表2
麦红吸浆虫幼虫对8个品种(系)小麦的危害程度"
小麦品种(系) Wheat variety (line) | 穗被害率 Percentage of infested ears (%) | 粒被害率 Percentage of infested grains (%) | 单穗虫口数 Insect number per ear | 估计损失率 Estimated loss rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
陕麦139 Shaanmai 139 | 30.67±0.88f | 3.20±0.35e | 1.10±0.14f | 0.42±0.05f |
科农1006 Kenong 1006 | 50.33±1.76e | 3.75±0.41e | 2.30±0.27ef | 1.11±0.13e |
晋麦47 Jinmai 47 | 59.67±1.76d | 5.44±0.41d | 3.61±0.32de | 1.80±0.15d |
陕农33 Shaannong 33 | 69.67±2.60c | 7.11±0.49c | 5.07±0.39d | 2.43±0.19d |
小偃6号Xiaoyan 6 | 89.33±0.88b | 11.51± 0.75b | 7.57±0.53c | 4.25±0.30c |
西农88 Xinong 88 | 95.33±1.20a | 12.13±0.62b | 9.94±0.63b | 4.97±0.29b |
西农822 Xinong 822 | 92.00±1.53ab | 12.90±0.61b | 10.91±0.69b | 5.02±0.29b |
小偃22 Xiaoyan 22 | 91.33±1.86ab | 15.15±0.73a | 14.24±0.88a | 6.12±0.36a |
表3
8个品种(系)小麦籽粒次生物质含量"
小麦品种(系) Wheat variety (line) | 阿魏酸含量 Ferulic acid content (mg·g-1) | 单宁含量 Tannin content (mg·g-1) | 总酚含量 Total phenol content (mg·g-1) | 总黄酮含量 Total flavonoid content (mg·g-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
陕麦139 Shaanmai 139 | 6.23±0.09b | 1.69±0.05b | 24.64±0.85a | 2.19±0.08ef |
科农1006 Kenong 1006 | 6.57±0.10a | 2.17±0.04a | 23.74± 0.15a | 2.94±0.06c |
晋麦47 Jinmai 47 | 6.44±0.02ab | 1.66±0.03bc | 24.86±1.15a | 2.67±0.05cd |
陕农33 Shaannong 33 | 6.33±0.11ab | 1.28±0.01d | 12.56±0.30c | 3.29±0.12b |
小偃6号 Xiaoyan 6 | 5.51±0.16c | 1.02±0.06e | 23.99±1.34a | 1.91±0.05f |
西农88 Xinong 88 | 4.77±0.10d | 1.55±0.02c | 24.09±1.04a | 3.93±0.02a |
西农822 Xinong 822 | 4.61±0.04d | 1.12±0.01e | 14.55±0.61bc | 2.39±0.15de |
小偃22 Xiaoyan 22 | 5.72±0.15c | 1.55±0.05c | 15.83±1.25b | 3.44±0.06b |
表4
小麦籽粒次生物质含量与小麦抗吸浆虫指标的相关性"
次生物质 Secondary metabolite | 穗被害率 Percentage of infested ears | 粒被害率 Percentage of infested grains | 单穗虫口数 Insect number per ear | 估计损失率 Estimated loss rate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | r | P | |
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid | -0.774 | 0.024* | -0.778 | 0. 023* | -0.726 | 0.041* | -0.774 | 0.024* |
单宁 Tannin | -0.620 | 0.101 | -0.597 | 0.118 | -0.477 | 0.232 | -0.550 | 0.158 |
总黄酮Total flavonoid | 0.332 | 0.422 | 0.275 | 0.509 | 0.378 | 0.356 | 0.337 | 0.415 |
总酚 Total phenol | -0.392 | 0.337 | -0.438 | 0.278 | -0.495 | 0.212 | -0.426 | 0.292 |
表5
取食8个品种(系)小麦的麦红吸浆虫幼虫解毒酶活性"
小麦品种(系) Wheat variety (line) | GST活性 GST activity (U/mg protein) | CarE 活性 CarE activity (U/mg protein) | CYP450活性 CYP450 activity (U/mg protein) |
---|---|---|---|
陕麦139 Shaanmai 139 | 0.1633±0.0185bcd | 0.2284±0.0054a | 0.1446±0.0173bc |
科农1006 Kenong 1006 | 0.2144±0.012a | 0.1823±0.0103b | 0.1124±0.0046c |
晋麦47 Jinmai 47 | 0.1707±0.0242abc | 0.1414±0.0087c | 0.1248±0.0107c |
陕农33 Shaannong 33 | 0.2038±0.0177ab | 0.2116±0.0135a | 0.1163±0.0065c |
小偃6号 Xiaoyan 6 | 0.1913±0.0022ab | 0.1784±0.0079b | 0.1885±0.0038a |
西农88 Xinong 88 | 0.0963±0.0055e | 0.1016±0.0071d | 0.1304±0.0143c |
西农822 Xinong 822 | 0.1206 ±0.0101de | 0.1074±0.0037d | 0.1791±0.0217ab |
小偃22 Xiaoyan 22 | 0.1333±0.0064cde | 0.1242±0.0038cd | 0.1306±0.0001c |
表6
麦红吸浆虫幼虫体内解毒酶活性与小麦籽粒次生物质含量的相关性"
解毒酶 Detoxification enzyme | 阿魏酸Ferulic acid | 单宁Tannin | 总酚 Total phenol | 总黄酮 Total flavonoid | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | P | r | P | r | P | r | P | |
GST | 0.805 | 0.016* | 0.229 | 0.586 | 0.083 | 0.845 | -0.375 | 0.361 |
CarE | 0.717 | 0.045* | 0.167 | 0.693 | 0.114 | 0.788 | -0.412 | 0.311 |
CYP450 | -0.608 | 0.110 | -0.742 | 0.035* | -0.003 | 0.995 | -0.682 | 0.063 |
图1
取食8个小麦品种(系)的麦红吸浆虫幼虫GST1、CarE2和CYP6A1相对表达量 SM139:陕麦139 Shaanmai139;KN1006:科农1006 Kenong1006;JM47:晋麦47 Jinmai47;SN33:陕农33 Shaannong 33;XY6:小偃6号Xiaoyan 6;XN88:西农88 Xinong 88;XN822:西农822 Xinong 822;XY22:小偃22 Xiaoyan 22。图中数据为3次重复的平均值±标准误,柱上不同字母表示经Duncan氏多重比较后差异显著(P<0.05)The data in the figure are mean±SE of three repetitions, different letters above bars indicate significant difference at 0.05 level by Duncan’s multiple range test"
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