水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产形成机制

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.03.003

中国农业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 463-475.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.03.003

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇下一篇

水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产形成机制

张洪程, 郭保卫, 陈厚存, 周兴涛, 张军, 朱聪聪, 陈京都, 李桂云, 吴中华, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉, 杨雄

1.扬州大学农学院/农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州225009
2.海安县作物栽培技术指导站，江苏海安226600

收稿日期:2012-09-18 出版日期:2013-02-01 发布日期:2012-10-14
通讯作者: 张洪程，Tel：0514-87979220；E-mail：hczhang@yzu.edu.cn
作者简介:张洪程，Tel：0514-87979220；E-mail：hczhang@yzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划重大项目（2011BAD16B03）、超级稻配套栽培技术开发与集成（农业部专项）、江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目（CX(12)1003）、江苏省研究生科研创新计划（CXLX11_1018）

Eco-physiological Characteristics and Super High Yield Formation Mechanism of Ordered Transplanting and Optimized Broadcasting Rice

ZHANG Hong-Cheng, GUO Bao-Wei, CHEN Hou-Cun, ZHOU Xing-Tao, ZHANG Jun, ZHU Cong-Cong, CHEN Jing-Du, LI Gui-Yun, WU Zhong-Hua, DAI Qi-Gen, HUO Zhong-Yang, XU Ke, WEI Hai-Yan, GAO Hui, YANG Xiong

1.College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University/Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture/Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
2.Crop Cultural Station, Haian County, Haian 226600, Jiangsu

Received:2012-09-18 Online:2013-02-01 Published:2012-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究水稻有序摆栽和点抛超高产形成的生理生态特征及机制，探索水稻超高产轻简化栽培途径。【方法】本试验通过塑盘旱育摆栽、点抛、撒抛3种栽插方式及与机插稻产量形成的生理生态特征比较，从活棵发苗、分蘖发生、光合物质生产、后期根系活性、群体透光率和抗倒伏性等方面，探究了水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产机制。【结果】有序摆栽和点抛群体起点质量好，发棵快，各生育时期群体叶面积、光合势、粒叶比、物质生产积累与转运均显著或极显著优于撒抛，且后期通风透光性好，群体衰老慢，保持较强的物质生产能力，抗倒伏性强，产量高。【结论】有序摆、抛栽群体起点质量高，活棵快，各时期生长优势显著，产量潜力大，是实现水稻超高产轻简化栽培的精良基础。

关键词: 水稻 , 摆栽 , 抛栽 , 生理生态 , 超高产

Abstract: 【Objective】The eco-physiological characteristics and mechanisms of ordered transplanting and broadcasting rice were studied to explore the means of super high yield for rice. 【Method】Three planting methods including ordered transplanting (OT), optimized broadcasting (OB) and cast transplanting (CT) using dry-raising seedlings in plastic plates with mechanical transplanting (MT) were compared to investigate the eco-physiological characteristics and the super high yield formation mechanism in respects of seedling establishment, tillering, matter production and accumulation, root characteristics at late stages, population light transmittance characteristics, and stem lodging resistance. 【Result】Ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting rice had better population starting point quality and earlier seedling establishment, and their LAI, leaf area duration, grain-leaf ratio, matter production, accumulation and translocation at each stage were all significantly or highly significantly superior to cast transplanting. Moreover, at late stages, they showed better population light transmittance and slower senescence, and maintained higher matter production and lodging resistance as well. 【Conclusion】With their higher population start point, earlier seedling establishment, and obvious growth superiority, ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting rice are capable of serving as the basis of rice super high cultivation.

Key words: rice , transplanting , broadcasting , eco-physiology , super high yield

张洪程, 郭保卫, 陈厚存, 周兴涛, 张军, 朱聪聪, 陈京都, 李桂云, 吴中华, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉, 杨雄. 水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产形成机制[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(3): 463-475.

ZHANG Hong-Cheng, GUO Bao-Wei, CHEN Hou-Cun, ZHOU Xing-Tao, ZHANG Jun, ZHU Cong-Cong, CHEN Jing-Du, LI Gui-Yun, WU Zhong-Hua, DAI Qi-Gen, HUO Zhong-Yang, XU Ke, WEI Hai-Yan, GAO Hui, YANG Xiong. Eco-physiological Characteristics and Super High Yield Formation Mechanism of Ordered Transplanting and Optimized Broadcasting Rice[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(3): 463-475.

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水稻有序摆、抛栽的生理生态特征及超高产形成机制

Eco-physiological Characteristics and Super High Yield Formation Mechanism of Ordered Transplanting and Optimized Broadcasting Rice

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