油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨甘蓝型油菜苗期的抗旱性，为甘蓝型油菜抗旱种质的筛选提供可借鉴的指标、方法，同时为抗旱育种、栽培提供材料和理论依据。【方法】在遮雨网室对油菜苗期进行干旱胁迫，于胁迫的第0、5、10、15、20、25天分别取样测定叶片相对含水量、丙二醛（MDA）含量和保护性酶活性等的变化。采用综合抗旱系数、抗旱指数、聚类分析、灰色关联度分析相结合的方法，对其抗旱性进行综合评价,并对不同类型种质抗旱相关指标的变化进行分析。【结果】被考查的各指标对干旱胁迫的反应程度各异，其中脯氨酸含量、POD活性对干旱胁迫的反应迟钝，而叶片相对含水量反应敏感；根据抗旱性量度值（D值）的聚类结果，将10个油菜种质划分为抗旱性强、抗旱性中等和抗旱性差３个抗旱级别。抗旱相关指标的变化表现为，随干旱胁迫时间的延长和胁迫程度的增大，叶片的相对含水量和叶面积下降幅度变大，而丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和SOD、POD活性相对值总体表现出上升趋势。MDA含量相对值与品种抗旱性呈负相关，而脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量和POD活性相对值与品种抗旱性呈正相关。10个参试油菜种质中，94005、中双11号和中双9号抗旱性强。【结论】采用综合抗旱系数、聚类分析、灰色关联度等相结合的方法对油菜苗期抗旱性进行评估，可以较好地揭示指标性状与抗旱性的关系。油菜在连续干旱胁迫下，其叶片相对含水量、丙二醛、叶面积可作为油菜抗旱种质筛选的依据。

Abstract: 【Objective】An experiment was conducted to investigate the ability of drought resistance at seedling stage of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), to explore the parameters and methods for screening of drought-resistant germplasm, and to provide the materials and a theoretical basis for drought-resistant breeding and cultivation.【Method】 Leaf relative water content, malondialdehyde (MDA) and protective enzyme activity in rapeseed were measured under drought stress on 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 d; Comprehensive drought-resistance coefficient, drought-resistance index, fuzzy clustering and grey correlation analysis were used to evaluate the drought tolerance; And the variation trend of relevant drought-resistance index was analyzed for ten rapeseed varieties. 【Result】 Different examined indexes showed different responses to drought stress, in which, the content of proline and POD activity were retarded, but the relative water content of leaves was sensitive in response to drought stress. According to the clustering result of drought-resistance measuration value (D value), the 10 tested varieties were divided into 3 groups including high, moderate and low drought resistance, respectively. The variation trend of relevant drought-resistance index showed that the decrease rate of leaf relative water content and leaf area became larger with the increase of degree and time of drought stress, but the contents of MDA, proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein and the relative activities of SOD and POD were overall ascendant. The relative value of MDA content was negatively correlated with drought resistance, while the increase rate of relative content of proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and the activity of POD were positively correlated with that of rapeseed varieties. 【Conclusion】 It is an effective way to evaluate the drought tolerance of rapeseed seedlings by using the combination method of comprehensive drought-resistance coefficient, drought-resistance index, fuzzy clustering and grey correlation analysis, which could reflect the relationship between different parameter traits and drought tolerance in rapeseed. Among the 10 tested varieties, the drought tolerance of 94005, Zhongshuang11 and Zhongshuang9 were better and more stable. The change of drought-resistance related parameters of rapeseed under continuous drought stress presented a certain regularity, which indicated the responses of rapeseed to drought stress and could lay a basis for the screening of rapeseed germplasm.

Key words: rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) , drought-resistance parameters , subordinate function coefficients , fuzzy clustering , grey correlative analysis

谢小玉, 张霞, 张兵. 油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(3): 476-485.

XIE Xiao-Yu, ZHANG Xia, ZHANG Bing. Evaluation of Drought Resistance and Analysis of Variation of Relevant Parameters at Seedling Stage of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(3): 476-485.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.03.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2013/V46/I3/476

参考文献

[1]山仑, 康绍忠, 吴普特. 中国节水农业. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004.

Shan L, Kang S Z, Wu P T. Water Saving Agriculture in China. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2004. (in Chinese)

[2]杨红旗, 徐艳华. 我国油菜生产现状与发展. 种子世界, 2010(7):1-2.

Yang H Q, Xu Y H. Current status and development of canola production in China. Seed World, 2010(7):1-2. (in Chinese)

[3]田正科. 油菜在我国西部农业中的地位和发展前景. 青海大学学报:自然科学版, 2002, 20(6): 42-46.

Tian Z K. Position and future of rapeseed in agriculture of Western China. Journal of Qinghai University: Natural Science Edition, 2002, 20(6): 42-46. (in Chinese)

[4]杨春杰, 张学昆, 邹崇顺, 程勇, 郑普英, 李桂英. PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对不同甘蓝型油菜品种萌发的幼苗生长的影响. 中国油料作物学报, 2007, 29(4): 425-430.

Yang C J, Zhang X K, Zou C S, Cheng Y, Zheng P Y, Li G Y. Effects of drought simulated by PEG-6000 on germination and seedling growth of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2007, 29(4): 425-430. (in Chinese)

[5]戴清明, 吕爱钦, 何维君, 谢年保, 陈欣, 张志远, 匡朝凌, 瞿科. 洞庭湖区油菜主要气象灾害发生规律与减灾避灾对策. 作物研究, 2006(1): 60-65.

Dai Q M, Lv A Q, He W J, Xie N B, Chen X, Zhang Z Y, Kuang Z L, Qu K. The rule of principle weather disaster for rape planting in Dongting Lake region and the countermeasures to relief and avoid the disaster. Crop Research, 2006(1): 60-65. (in Chinese)

[6]Wright P R, Morgan J M, Robins J. Turgor maintenance by osmoregulation in Brassica napus and B. juncea under field conditions. Annals of Botany, 1997, 80: 313-319.

[7]Norouzi M, Toorchi M, Salekdeh G H, Mohammadi S A, Nishabouri M R, Aharizad S. Effect of water deficit on growth, grain yield and osmotic adjustment in rapeseed. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 2008,6(2):132-138.

[8]Eslam B P. Evaluation of physiological indices, yield and its components as screening techniques for water deficit tolerance in oilseed rape cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2009,11: 413-422.

[9]李震, 吴北京, 陆光远, 程勇, 邹崇顺, 张学昆. 不同基因型油菜对苗期水分胁迫的生理响应. 中国油料作物学报, 2012, 34(1): 33-39.

Li Z, Wu B J, Lu G Y, Cheng Y, Zou C S, Zhang X K. Differences in physiological responses of Brassica napus genotypes under water stress during seedling stage. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Science, 2012,34(1):33-39. (in Chinese)

[10]Kumar A, Singh D P. Use of physiological indices as a screening technique for drought tolerance in oilseed Brassica species. Annals of Botany, 1998, 81: 413-420.

[11]Ardestani H G, Rad A H S. Impact of regulated deficit irrigation on the physiological characteristics of two rapeseed varieties as affected by different potassium rates. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012, 11(24): 6510-6519.

[12]李震, 杨春杰, 张学昆, 邹崇顺, 程勇, 郑普英, 李桂英. PEG 胁迫下甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子发芽耐旱性鉴定. 中国油料作物学报, 2008, 30(4): 438-442.

Li Z, Yang C J, Zhang X K, Zou C S, Cheng Y, Zheng P Y, Li G Y. Evaluation of drought tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) during germination under PEG6000 stress. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2008, 30(4): 438-442. (in Chinese)

[13]张霞, 谢小玉. PEG胁迫下甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期抗旱鉴定指标的研究. 西北农业学报, 2012,21(2): 72-77.

Zhang X, Xie X Y. Studies on identification indexes of drought resistance by PEG during seed germination of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) . Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 2012, 21(2): 72-77. (in Chinese)

[14]Abbasian A, Rad A H S. Investigation the response of rapeseed cultivars to moisture regimes in different growth stages. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2011, 12(2): 353-366.

[15]高俊凤. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006.

Gao J F. Experimental Guidance for Plant Physiology. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006. (in Chinese)

[16]鲁守平, 孙群, 洪露, 王建华, 孙宝启. 不同种源地乌拉尔甘草发芽期抗旱性鉴定. 植物遗传资源学报, 2007, 8(2): 189-194.

Lu S P, Sun Q, Hong L, Wang J H, Sun B Q. Drought resistance evaluation of Glyccyrrhiza uralensis Fisch from different regions in germination stage. Journal of Plant Genetic Resource, 2007,8(2): 189-194. (in Chinese)

[17]兰巨生. 农作物综合抗旱性评价方法的研究. 西北农业学报, 1998,7(3): 85-87.

Lan J S. Comparison of evaluating methods for agronomic drought resistance in crops. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,1998, 7(3): 85-87. (in Chinese)

[18]祁旭升, 王兴荣, 许军, 张建平, 米君. 胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价. 中国农业科学, 2010,43(15): 3076-3087.

Qi X S, Wang X R, Xu J, Zhang J P, Mi J. Drought-resistance evaluation of flax germplasm at adult plant stage. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(15): 3076-3087. (in Chinese)

[19]尹利, 逯晓萍, 傅晓峰, 李美娜, 郭建. 高丹草杂交种灰色关联分析与评判. 中国草地学报, 2006, 28(3): 21-25.

Yin L, Lu X P, Fu X F, Li M N, Guo J. The grey relation analysis and evaluation of hybrid pacesetter. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2006, 28(3): 21-25. (in Chinese)

[20]王耘, 穆勇, 刘庆红. 基于灰色关联分析的模糊聚类最优划分判定模型. 山东大学学报:工学版, 2006, 36(2): 86-89.

Wang Y, Mu Y, Liu Q H. Judging model of fuzzy cluster optimal dividing based on grey relational grade analysis. Journal of Shandong University: Engineering Science, 2006, 36(2): 86-89. (in Chinese)

[21]王士强, 胡银岗, 佘奎军, 周琳璘, 孟凡磊. 小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(11): 2452-2459.

Wang S Q, Hu Y G, She K J, Zhou L L, Meng F L. Gray relational grade analysis of agronomical and physi-biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wheat. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 40(11): 2452-2459. (in Chinese)

[22]胡秉民, 张全德. 农业试验统计分析方法. 杭州: 浙江科学技术出版社, 1985: 72-240.

Hu B M, Zhang Q D. Method of Statistics Analysis for Agricultural Experiment. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Sciences and Technology Press, 1985: 72-240. (in Chinese)

[23]周晓果, 张正斌, 徐萍. 小麦主要育种目标的灰色系统方法探讨. 农业系统科学与综合研究, 2005, 21(2): 81-84.

Zhou X G, Zhang Z B, Xu P. Discussion on main breeding goals in wheat based on grey systems method. System Sciences and Comprehensive Studies in Agriculture, 2005, 21(2): 81-84. (in Chinese)

[24]宋凤斌, 徐世昌. 玉米抗旱性鉴定指标的研究. 中国生态农业学报,2004, 12(1): 127-129.

Song F B, Xu S C. Study on the drought-resistant identification indexes in maize. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2004, 12(1): 127-129. (in Chinese)

[25]李贵全, 张海燕, 季兰, 赵二开, 刘建兵, 李玲, 张家蓉. 不同大豆品种抗旱性综合评价. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(12): 2408-2412.

Li G Q, Zhang H Y, Ji L, Zhao E K, Liu J B, Li L, Zhang J R. Comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of different soybean varieties. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006, 17(12): 2408-2412. (in Chinese)

[26]孟庆立, 关周博, 冯佰利, 柴岩, 胡银岗. 谷子抗旱相关性状的主成分与模糊聚类分析. 中国农业科学, 2009, 42(8): 2667-2675.

Meng Q L, Guan Z B, Feng B L, Chai Y, Hu Y G. Principal component analysis and fuzzy clustering on drought-tolerance related traits of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2009, 42(8): 2667-2675. (in Chinese)

[27]鲁雪林, 王秀萍, 张国新. 旱稻抗旱性评价指标研究. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(1): 124-126.

Lu X L, Wang X P, Zhang G X. Study on drought resistance appraise index of upland rice. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2006, 22(1): 124-126. (in Chinese)

[28]朱宗河, 郑文寅, 张学昆. 甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价. 中国农业科学, 2011,44(9):1775-1787.

Zhu Z H, Zheng W Y, Zhang X K. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation on morphological and agronomic traits of drought tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2011,44(9):1775-1787. (in Chinese)

[29]王贺正, 马均, 李旭毅, 李艳, 张荣萍, 汪仁全. 水稻开花期一些生理生化特性与品种抗旱性的关系. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(2): 399-404.

Wang H Z, Ma J, Li X Y, Li Y, Zhang R P, Wang R Q. Relationship between some physiological and biochemical characteristics and drought tolerance at rice flowering stage. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2007, 40(2): 399-404. (in Chinese)

[30]康俊梅, 杨青川, 樊奋成. 干旱对苜蓿叶片可溶性蛋白的影响. 草地学报, 2005, 13(3):199-202．

Kang J M, Yang Q C, Fan F C. Effects of drought stress on induced protein in the different drought resistance alfalfa leaf. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2005, 13(3):199-202. (in Chinese)