中国农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 514-528.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.03.008
李雅菲(),师江澜,吴天琪,王少霞,李雨诺,屈春燕,刘聪慧,宁鹏,田霄鸿(
)
收稿日期:
2020-12-30
接受日期:
2021-04-14
出版日期:
2022-02-01
发布日期:
2022-02-11
通讯作者:
田霄鸿
作者简介:
李雅菲,E-mail: 基金资助:
LI YaFei(),SHI JiangLan,WU TianQi,WANG ShaoXia,LI YuNuo,QU ChunYan,LIU CongHui,NING Peng,TIAN XiaoHong(
)
Received:
2020-12-30
Accepted:
2021-04-14
Online:
2022-02-01
Published:
2022-02-11
Contact:
XiaoHong TIAN
摘要: 目的探讨锌与杀虫剂配合喷施对小麦全粒及面粉富锌效果、蛋白质组分和人体每日吸收总锌(TAZ)的影响,阐明富锌效果存在差异的可能原因,以期为小麦农艺富锌方法提供可靠依据及高效可行的喷施方案。方法 2016—2018年进行了两年田间试验,试验共设置了6个处理:喷蒸馏水(CK)、喷施0.1%吡虫啉(P)、喷施0.4%ZnSO4·7H2O(Zn)、喷施0.23%甘氨酸锌(GZn)、喷施ZnSO4·7H2O+吡虫啉(ZnP)、喷施甘氨酸锌+吡虫啉(GZnP)。测定小麦全粒、面粉及麸皮中的锌Zn、蛋白质、蛋白质组分、植酸等含量,并计算TAZ。结果 不同喷施处理籽粒产量无显著差异,但喷锌显著提高籽粒锌携出量以及全粒、面粉和麸皮中锌含量。两季试验中,与CK相比,单独喷锌处理面粉锌含量分别提高了71%、120%,锌与吡虫啉配合喷施增幅为103%、127% 。与单独喷锌处理(Zn、GZn)相比,锌与吡虫啉配合喷施(ZnP、GZnP)不会影响小麦富锌效果,且全粒、面粉中锌含量有增加的趋势,喷ZnSO4·7H2O的富锌效果优于喷甘氨酸锌,其中ZnP处理全粒和面粉中锌含量最高。全粒和面粉中锌含量与蛋白质、醇溶蛋白及谷蛋白含量间分别呈显著正相关。锌与吡虫啉配合喷施显著提高全粒、面粉中蛋白质含量。与CK相比,ZnP和GZnP处理面粉中蛋白质含量两年平均提高了19%和20%。不同喷施处理全粒和面粉中白蛋白、球蛋白组分无明显变化规律,ZnP和GZnP处理全粒和面粉中醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白含量显著提高。喷锌显著提高了小麦中锌的生物有效性,并且ZnP处理全粒及面粉中锌的生物有效性显著高于其他各处理。结论 选择烟碱类杀虫剂如吡虫啉与ZnSO4·7H2O配合喷施,能提高全粒特别是面粉中蛋白质、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白含量,从而进一步提高面粉锌含量、锌生物有效性,是一种克服人体缺锌问题且易于实际应用的有效方法。
李雅菲, 师江澜, 吴天琪, 王少霞, 李雨诺, 屈春燕, 刘聪慧, 宁鹏, 田霄鸿. 锌与吡虫啉配合喷施对小麦籽粒富锌效果及蛋白质组分的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(3): 514-528.
LI YaFei, SHI JiangLan, WU TianQi, WANG ShaoXia, LI YuNuo, QU ChunYan, LIU CongHui, NING Peng, TIAN XiaoHong. Effects of Combined Foliar Application of Zinc with Imidacloprid on Zinc Enrichment and Protein Components Content in Wheat Grain[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(3): 514-528.
表1
试验测定指标的显著性效应分析"
指标<break/>Index | 变异来源Source of variation | ||
---|---|---|---|
年份Year | 处理Treatment | Year × Treatment | |
籽粒产量Grain yield (t·hm-2) | <0.0001 | n.s. | n.s. |
籽粒锌携出量 Grain Zn uptake (g·hm-2) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.001 |
全粒锌含量Grain Zn concentration (mg·kg-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
面粉锌含量Flour Zn concentration (mg·kg-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.008 |
麸皮锌含量Bran Zn concentration (mg·kg-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
全粒蛋白质含量Grain protein concentration (%) | <0.0001 | n.s. | n.s. |
面粉蛋白质含量Flour protein concentration (%) | <0.0001 | n.s. | n.s. |
麸皮蛋白质含量Bran protein concentration (%) | <0.0001 | 0.007 | n.s. |
全粒锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in grain (mg·d-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
面粉锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in flour (mg·d-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
麸皮锌生物有效性Zn bioavailability in bran (mg·d-1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
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