中国农业科学

• 园艺·加工 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蓝杂种优势育种技术研究和中甘系列新品种选育回顾与展望

方智远,刘玉梅,杨丽梅,王晓武,庄木,张扬勇,孙培田   

  1. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京 100081
  • 出版日期:2007-12-31 发布日期:2007-12-31
  • 作者简介:方智远(1939-),男,湖南衡阳人,中国工程院院士,研究方向为蔬菜遗传育种。Tel:010-62146131;Fax:010-62174123;E-mail:Ivfcaas @mail.caas.net.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技攻关资助项目(96-002-02-20)、国家“863”计划资助项目(2002AA207012,2001AA241121)、国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170642)、北京市科技资助项目(954411600,H022020130230)、农业部“948”资助项目(991055)和农业部重点实验室资助项目

Review and Prospect of the Breeding of New Varieties Zhonggan Series and the Technology of Heterosis Utilization in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)

FANG Zhi-yuan, LIU Yu-mei, YANG Li-mei, WANG Xiao-wu, ZHUANG Mu, ZHANG Yang-yong, SUN Pei-tian   

  1. Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081
  • Online:2007-12-31 Published:2007-12-31

摘要: 中国农业科学院甘蓝遗传课题组成立近40年来,先后突破甘蓝自交不亲和系和雄性不育系选育两项关键技术,育成甘蓝新品种21个,累计推广约700万公顷。研究工作大致分为4个阶段:1970年至80年代初,以突破甘蓝杂种优势利用和自交不亲和系选育技术,选育丰产型甘蓝杂交种为主要目标;1983年至90年代初,以抗病抗逆育种为主要目标;90年代初至90年代末,以选育优质品种、突破雄性不育系选育技术为主要目标;90年代后期以来,以生物技术与常规技术相结合,实现甘蓝雄性不育系规模化制种,选育商品性好、品质优、耐裂球、耐贮运的品种为主要目标。总结了课题组的成功经验与存在的主要问题,提出课题组近期的主要方向任务。

关键词: 甘蓝 , 杂种优势 , 育种技术 , 品种选育

Abstract: Since the set up of cabbage research group in Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences nearly 40 years ago, two key technology breakthroughs of self-incompatible lines and male sterile line have been achieved, and 21 new cabbage varieties have been developed, which have been popularized in an area of about 7 million hectares totally. Research work was divided into four stages: from 1970 to the early 1980s, the breakthrough of cabbage heterosis utilization and self-incompatible lines breeding technology, and the development of high-yielding cabbage varieties were major objectives; from 1983 to the early 1990s, breeding varieties with disease resistance and stress resistance were major objectives; from early 1990s to the late 1990s, the breeding of high-quality varieties, and the breakthrough of male sterile line breeding technology were major objectives; since the late 1990s, the combination of biotechnology and conventional technology, the accomplishment of large-scale seed production with cabbage male sterile lines, the development of varieties with good market characters and quality, resistance to head splitting and storage & transportation were major objectives. The successful experiences and the main existing problems for the group were summarized. The major direction and tasks for the group recently also were discussed.

Key words: Cabbage , Heterosis , Breeding technology , Variety development