中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4): 599-618.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.002

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蓝型冬油菜气孔特性与抗寒性的关系

范军强1,2(), 武军艳1,2, 刘丽君2, 马骊2, 杨刚1,2, 蒲媛媛1,2, 李学才1,2, 孙万仓1,2()   

  1. 1甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州 730070
    2省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23 接受日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-02-16 发布日期:2023-02-24
  • 通信作者: 孙万仓,E-mail:18293121851@163.com
  • 联系方式: 范军强,E-mail:2260651693@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目(GSLK-2022-9); 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12)

Correlation Between Stomatal Characteristics and Cold Resistance of Brassica napus L.

FAN JunQiang1,2(), WU JunYan1,2, LIU LiJun2, MA Li2, YANG Gang1,2, PU YuanYuan1,2, LI XueCai1,2, SUN WanCang1,2()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2State Key Laboratory of Crop Science in Arid Habitats, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2022-09-23 Accepted:2022-11-21 Published:2023-02-16 Online:2023-02-24

摘要:

【目的】分析北方不同抗寒性甘蓝型冬油菜在低温环境中气孔运动的特征,明确抗寒性与气孔运动的关系,为解析强冬性甘蓝型冬油菜抗寒机理、培育强抗寒性品种提供依据。【方法】以14个甘蓝型冬油菜品种为材料,测定半致死温度、低温条件下的生理指标判断抗寒性差异,同时测定24℃处理12 h、0℃处理1 h和0℃处理12 h六叶期植株叶片下表皮的12个气孔指标。通过相关性分析筛选与抗寒性评价指标显著相关的气孔评价指标。【结果】依据半致死温度测定结果鉴定参试品种的抗寒性为gau-1(-8.06)>gau-24(-7.83)>gau-30(-7.58)>gau-39(-7.44)>ts309(-7.28)>ts312(-7.08)>nts158(-6.81)>npz269(-6.62)>天油14号(-5.98)>16-2444(-5.4)>17-2251(-5.13)>天油2266(-4.8)>天油2238(-4.6)>天油2288(-4.38)。依据生理指标综合评价值评价的抗寒性结果为gau-1(0.990)>gau-24(0.876)>gau-30(0.693)>gau-39(0.644)>ts309(0.534)>ts312(0.463)>nts158(0.439)>npz269(0.388)>天油14号(0.352)>16-2444(0.307)>17-2251(0.282)>天油2266(0.236)>天油2238(0.126)>天油2288(0.000)。以半致死温度测定的抗寒性与以生理指标综合评价结果一致。12个气孔运动相关指标在低温处理后有明显变化。相关性分析表明,常温下及0℃处理1 h后12个气孔指标与半致死温度相关性不显著,0℃条件下处理12 h后气孔孔隙长、气孔孔隙面积、气孔孔隙周长、气孔器长、气孔器面积、气孔器周长和气孔关闭率与抗寒性显著相关,半致死温度与气孔综合评价值Z显著相关,相关系数为-0.572。【结论】低温处理可显著影响甘蓝型冬油菜的气孔运动,且随低温处理时间的延长气孔趋向关闭的特征更为明显。同时,不同感温性品种其气孔的相对变化差异大,抗寒性较强的品种在低温处理后气孔保持张开的能力更强。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 抗寒性评价, 气孔运动, 半致死温度, 生理生化特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 The characteristics of the stomatal movement of winter Brassica napus with different cold resistance in northern China in a low-temperature environment were analyzed, and the relationship between cold resistance and stomatal movement was clarified, which provided a basis for analyzing the cold resistance mechanism of winter Brassica napus and cultivating strong cold resistance varieties. 【Method】 The physiological indexes of 14 winter Brassica napus varieties under semi-lethal temperature and low temperature were determined to judge the difference in cold resistance. At the same time, 12 stomatal indexes of the lower epidermis of the leaves of the plants treated at 24℃ for 12 h, 0℃ for 1 h, and 0℃ for 12 h were determined. Stomatal evaluation indexes significantly related to cold resistance evaluation indexes were screened by correlation analysis. 【Result】 (1) According to the results of semi-lethal temperature determination, the cold resistance of the tested varieties was identified as gau-1 (-8.06)>gau-24 (-7.83)>gau-30 (-7.58)>gau-39 (-7.44)>ts309 (-7.28)>ts312 (-7.08)>nts158 (-6.81)>npz269 (-6.62)>Tianyou 14 (-5.98)>16-2444 (-5.4)>17-2251 (-5.13)>Tianyou 2266 (-4.8)>Tianyou 2238 (-4.6)>Tianyou 2288 ( -4.38 ). According to the comprehensive evaluation value of physiological indexes, the results of cold resistance were gau-1 (0.990)>gau-24 (0.876)>gau-30 (0.693)>gau-39 (0.644)>ts309 (0.534)>ts312 ( 0.463)>nts158 (0.439)>npz269 (0.388)>Tianyou 14 (0.352)>16-2444 (0.307)>17-2251 (0.282)>Tianyou 2266 (0.236)>Tianyou 2238 (0.126)>Tianyou 2288 ( 0.000). The cold resistance measured by semi-lethal temperature was consistent with the comprehensive evaluation results of physiological indexes. (2) 12 stomatal movement-related indicators changed significantly after low-temperature treatment. The correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the 12 stomatal indexes and the semi-lethal temperature at room temperature and 0℃ after 1 h treatment. After 12 h treatment at 0℃, the stomatal pore length, area of stomatal pore, circumference of stomatal pore, stomatal apparatus length, area of stomatal apparatus, Circumference of stomatal apparatus, and stomatal closure rate were significantly correlated with cold resistance. The semi-lethal temperature was significantly correlated with the comprehensive evaluation value (Z) of stomata, and the correlation coefficient was-0.572. 【Conclusion】 Low-temperature treatment can significantly affect the stomatal movement of winter Brassica napus, and the characteristics of stomatal closure tend to be more obvious with the extension of low-temperature treatment time. At the same time, the relative changes of stomata of different temperature-sensitive varieties were different, and the varieties with strong cold resistance had stronger ability to keep stomata open after low-temperature treatment.

Key words: Brassica napus L., cold resistance evaluation, stomatal movement, semi-lethal temperature, physiological and biochemical characteristics