中国农业科学 ›› 2007, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 1914-1924 .

• 耕作栽培·生理生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国保护性耕作研究分析—保护性耕作与作物生产

谢瑞芝,李少昆,李小君,金亚征,王克如,初震东,高世菊   

  1. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程
  • 收稿日期:2006-09-11 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-09-10 发布日期:2007-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 李少昆

The analysis of conservation tillage in China----conservation tillage and crop yield: reviewing the evidence

  1. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程
  • Received:2006-09-11 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-09-10 Published:2007-09-10

摘要: 保护性耕作(conservation tillage,CT)是实现农业可持续发展的重要手段,本研究通过收集中国公开发表的与保护性耕作相关的研究论文,整理前人研究提供的试验数据,分析保护性耕作措施对作物生产的影响,为保护性耕作条件下的作物稳产丰产研究提供支持。研究发现,保护性耕作对作物的生长发育、病虫害发生、水分利用等都有不同程度的影响,以当地传统耕作模式为对照,实施保护性耕作技术的作物产量平均增加12.51%。但有10.92%数据显示减产,表明保护性耕作减产是客观存在的,文章归纳了影响保护性耕作条件下作物产量的主要原因。中国自“六五”期间开始进行保护性耕作的研究工作,在理论研究和生产实践中取得了一定的成绩。随着对保护性耕作概念的深入理解,中国保护性耕作的研究和应用工作得到了长足发展,作为实践性较强的应用型研究,保护性耕作要充分重视理论研究和应用过程中存在的问题,利用新型研究技术和研究手段,明确保护性耕作影响作物生产的机制,为保护性耕作技术的创新和推广应用提供理论基础。

关键词: 保护性耕作, 可持续农业, 作物生产, 产量, 综述

Abstract: 【Objective】Conservation tillage (CT) also be referred to as resource-efficient / resource effective agriculture,it is primarily used as a means to protect soils from erosion and compaction, to conserve moisture and reduce production costs, have become the most important measures of sustainable agriculture development. Research advances in the conservation tillage of china on recent years were reviewed in this paper.【Method】Based on papers published, the current researches progress on conservation tillage (CT) of crop production in china were summarized and analyzed. All these aspects are reviewed but detailed information of conservation tillage is spares and disparate from China studies.【Result】It was showed that conservation tillage is a relatively new concept but widely adopted in china and had considerable benefits. Since studies have been conducted at the catchment scale, therefore some findings must be treated with caution until the can be verified at a larger scale and for a greater range of climatic, cropping and soil conditions.【Conclusion】Conservation tillage should be put forward in order to establish reasonable policy of agricultural management. It necessary using integrated system analysis methodologies, by means of long-term field and theoretical experience, and the developed modeling approaches with interdisciplinary knowledge, to enhance research strength and level for improving and promoting sustainable agricultural.