中国农业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 2048-2055 .

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉 • 上一篇    下一篇

一种新型保水缓释氮肥有关特征及性能

何绪生,廖宗文,黄培钊,段继贤,葛仁山,李洪波,耿增超   

  1. 西北农林科技大学资环学院
  • 收稿日期:2006-05-16 修回日期:2006-07-11 出版日期:2006-10-10 发布日期:2006-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 何绪生 hexiao hexiao

Characteristics and Performance of A New Water-Absorbent Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizer

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  1. 西北农林科技大学资环学院
  • Received:2006-05-16 Revised:2006-07-11 Online:2006-10-10 Published:2006-10-10

摘要: 保水缓释肥料研究是水肥一体化研究的必然趋势。文章中作者研究了化学共聚合成反应制备的保水缓释氮肥的特征及性能。结果表明,保水缓释氮肥吸水倍率可达103g/g,含氮量达30%,酸碱度接近中性,是盐度指数极低的肥料。红外光谱分析显示,保水缓释氮肥的原料氮肥与保水材料之间通过氢键作用形成了共聚体,具有亲水基团,这是形成吸水保水的化学机制。吸水实验表明,保水缓释氮肥是一个吸水膨胀而不溶解的凝胶。电镜观察图显示,保水缓释氮肥是一个整体不均质而局部较均质的物质,其颗粒内部具有物理空间,在微观上具有网状网络结构,这是保水缓释氮肥形成吸水保水的物理结构。差示扫描量热分析和热重分析表明,保水缓释氮肥所吸持水分主要以有效性很高的自由水和束缚水存在,占到其总持水量的95%之多,而有效性差的结合水含量低于5%。养分缓释实验测定表明,保水缓释氮肥具有延缓氮素养分释放的功能,是一种新型保水缓释氮肥。

关键词: 保水缓释氮肥, 特征, 性能

Abstract: It’s inevitable trend to study water-absorbent slow release fertilizers (WASRF) incorporated fertilizer and water all in one. The characteristics and performance of water-absorbent slow release nitrogen fertilizer(WASRNF) prepared by chemical polymerization. The results indicate that water absorbency and nitrogen analysis of WASRNF is 103g/g and 30%, respectively, and WASRNF exhibits approximately neutral in pH and has very low salt index. The interpret of Infrared spectroscopy(IR) show that WASRN is copolymer of nitrogen fertilizer and water-absorbent material by hydrogen bond association, and there are many hydrophilic groups in WASRNF, which is chemical mechanism to absorb and retain water in it themselves. The results of WASRNF soaked in water indicate that WASRNF is gel swelled and not dissolved in water. The results of SEM(Scanning Electronic Microscopy) show that there exist whole heterogenous and locally homogenous, physical void and miroscopic network structure in WASNF, which is physical structure to absorb and retain water in it themselves. The results of DSC(Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and TGA(Thermogravimetry analysis) indicate that the water retained in WASRNF exist free and freezing free water state, account for more than 95% water retained in WASRNF, and non freezing water less than 5% water retained in WASRNF. The results of 7 day’s solution rate show that WASRNF exhibits the function which delay release of nitrogen in it, and is a new WASRNF.

Key words: Water-absorbent slow release nitrogen fertilizer, Characteristics, Performance