吉林省旱地土壤有效硫含量及其与土壤有机质和全氮的关系

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.12.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】明确吉林省旱地土壤有效硫含量状况及其分布差异,为区域作物合理施硫提供依据。【方法】采集吉林省不同生态区8种主要土壤类型的232个表层（0—20 cm）土壤样品,利用地统计学方法分析有效硫含量的空间分布特征,比较不同类型土壤有效硫含量差异,并建立土壤有效硫和有机质、全氮的相关关系。【结果】吉林省旱地土壤有效硫含量为5.8—40.7 mg·kg^-1,均值为18.1 mg·kg^-1,所有样本中缺硫和潜在缺硫的比例分别为27.2%和20.7%。空间分布上,土壤有效硫含量总体呈自东向西逐渐下降趋势,相应的缺硫发生率自东向西逐渐上升。东、中、西三大生态区的土壤有效硫含量均值（缺硫或潜在缺硫发生率）分别为22.3 mg·kg^-1（24.2%）、18.1 mg·kg^-1（40.0%）和14.3 mg·kg^-1（75.6%）。主要分布于东部湿润山区的白浆土、暗棕壤有效硫含量均值分别为22.1和22.0 mg·kg^-1,缺硫或潜在缺硫样本分别占15.2%和28.3%;中部半湿润平原区的黑土、冲积土和草甸土有效硫含量均值分别为18.8、17.1和16.2 mg·kg^-1,缺硫或潜在缺硫样本占比分别为37.9%、63.5%和55.5%;西部半干旱平原区的黑钙土、风沙土和盐碱土有效硫含量均值分别为11.9、14.0和13.9 mg·kg^-1,缺硫或潜在缺硫风险较高,分别占比73.6%、73.3%和75.5%。回归分析结果显示,吉林省旱地土壤有效硫和土壤有机质、土壤全氮均呈显著的对数相关关系,随着土壤有机质和土壤全氮含量增加,土壤有效硫含量也随之提升。【结论】吉林省旱地土壤有效硫含量在不同区域和土壤类型之间存在显著差异,硫素缺乏现象也较为普遍,47.9%的土壤样本存在缺硫或潜在缺硫问题,特别是中西部地区的风沙土、盐碱土和黑钙土缺硫风险较高,在土壤培肥和作物管理中应注重硫素的补充。

关键词: 吉林省, 生态区, 区域差异, 土壤有效硫, 土壤类型, 土壤有机质, 土壤全氮

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study was to clarify the status of effective sulfur content of dryland soils in Jilin province and its distribution differences, so as to provide a basis for reasonable sulfur application to regional crops.【Method】232 surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were collected from 8 major soil types in different ecological zones of Jilin province, and the spatial distribution characteristics of effective sulfur content were analyzed by geostatistical methods to compare the differences in effective sulfur content of different types of soils and to establish the correlation between effective sulfur, organic matter and total nitrogen in soils.【Result】 The distribution of effective sulfur content in dryland soils of Jilin Province ranged from 5.8 to 40.7 mg·kg^-1, with a mean value of 18.06 mg·kg^-1. The proportions of sulfur deficiency and potential sulfur deficiency in all samples were 27.2% and 20.7%, respectively. The spatial distribution showed that the overall trend of effective soil sulfur content gradually decreased from east to west, and the corresponding incidence of sulfur deficiency gradually increased from east to west. The mean values of soil effective sulfur content (incidence of sulfur deficiency or potential sulfur deficiency) in the three major ecological zones of east, central and west were 22.3 mg·kg^-1 (24.2%), 18.1 mg·kg^-1 (40.0%) and 14.3 mg·kg^-1 (75.6%), respectively. The mean values of effective sulfur content of albic soil and dark brown loam, which were mainly distributed in Eastern humid mountainous area, were 22.1 and 22.0 mg·kg^-1, respectively, and 15.2% and 28.3% of the samples were sulfur deficient or potentially sulfur deficient, respectively; the mean values of effective sulfur content of black soil, alluvial soil and meadow soil in the central semi-humid plain area were 18.8, 17.1 and 16.2 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The mean values of effective sulfur content of chernozem, aeolian sandy soil and saline-alkali soil in the western semi-arid plain area were 11.9, 14.0 and 13.9 mg·kg^-1, respectively, with higher risk of sulfur deficiency or potential sulfur deficiency, accounting for 73.6%, 73.3% and 75.5% of the samples, respectively. The regression analysis results showed that the effective sulfur in dryland soils of Jilin province was significantly logarithmically correlated with soil total nitrogen and soil organic matter, and the effective sulfur content of soil increased with the increase of soil organic matter and soil total nitrogen content. 【Conclusion】 The effective sulfur content of dryland soils in Jilin province varied significantly among regions and soil types, and the sulfur deficiency was more common, especially in aeolian sandy soil, saline-alkali soil and chernozem in the central and western regions, where the risk of sulfur deficiency was higher, so the sulfur supplementation should be emphasized in soil fertilization and crop management.

Key words: Jilin Province, ecological zones, regional differences, soil available sulfur, soil types, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen

崔帅,刘烁然,王寅,夏晨真,焉莉,冯国忠,高强. 吉林省旱地土壤有效硫含量及其与土壤有机质和全氮的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(12): 2372-2383.

CUI Shuai,LIU ShuoRan,WANG Yin,XIA ChenZhen,YAN Li,FENG GuoZhong,GAO Qiang. Soil Available Sulfur Content in Jilin Province and Its Correlation with Soil Organic Matter and Soil Total Nitrogen[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2022, 55(12): 2372-2383.

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主要生态区 Region	土壤有效硫 Available <BOLD>S</BOLD><BOLD> (</BOLD>mg·kg^-1<BOLD>)</BOLD>
主要生态区 Region	样本数 Sample number	变幅 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	变异系数 CV (%)
东部湿润山区 Eastern humid mountainous area, EHMA	70	10.8-40.7	22.2 ± 7.7 a	34.7
中部半湿润平原区 Central semi-humid plain area, CSPA	80	5.8-29.7	18.1 ± 6.6 b	36.7
西部半干旱平原区 Western semi-arid plain area, WSPA	82	6.1-35.9	14.0 ± 7.2 c	49.8
全省Total	232	5.8-40.7	18.1 ± 7.8	43.2

主要生态区 Region	样本数 Sample number	土壤全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)			土壤有机质Organic matter (g·kg^-1)
主要生态区 Region	样本数 Sample number	变幅 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean ± SD	变异系数 CV（%）	变幅 Range	平均值±标准差 Mean ± SD	变异系数 CV（%）
东部湿润山区EHMA	70	0.5-2.0	1.2±0.35 b	68.9	8.0-44.8	24.2±8.5 a	35.0
中部半湿润平原区CSPA	80	0.8-1.9	1.43±0.5 a	35.4	15.3-39.2	25.1±5.1 a	20.0
西部半干旱平原区WSPA	82	0.5-1.4	1.05±0.42 c	40.3	4.2-21.1	11.4±4.2 b	37.1
全省Total	232	0.5-2.0	1.24±0.32	25.5	4.2-44.8	20.0±8.8	43.9