小麦种质资源耐热性评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.23.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (23): 4191-4200.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.23.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

小麦种质资源耐热性评价

王小波¹,关攀锋¹,辛明明¹,汪永法¹,陈希勇²,赵爱菊²,刘曼双³,李红霞³,张明义⁴,逯腊虎⁴,魏亦勤⁵,刘旺清⁵,张金波⁶,倪中福¹,姚颖垠¹,胡兆荣¹,彭惠茹¹,孙其信¹()

¹ 中国农业大学农学院/农业生物技术国家重点实验室/杂种优势研究与利用教育部重点实验室/作物遗传改良北京市重点实验室,北京 100193
² 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/河北省作物遗传育种实验室,石家庄 050035
³ 西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌 712100
⁴ 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾 041000
⁵ 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏永宁 750105
⁶ 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2019-05-15 接受日期:2019-08-03 出版日期:2019-12-01 发布日期:2019-12-01
通讯作者: 孙其信
作者简介:王小波,E-mail：xplayplus@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(31561143013);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100102);宁夏农林科学院自主研发项目(NKYJ-17-15)

Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Wheat Germplasm Resources

WANG XiaoBo¹,GUAN PanFeng¹,XIN MingMing¹,WANG YongFa¹,CHEN XiYong²,ZHAO AiJu²,LIU ManShuang³,LI HongXia³,ZHANG MingYi⁴,LU LaHu⁴,WEI YiQin⁵,LIU WangQing⁵,ZHANG JinBo⁶,NI ZhongFu¹,YAO YingYin¹,HU ZhaoRong¹,PENG HuiRu¹,SUN QiXin¹()

¹ College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100193
² Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Crop Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Shijiazhuang 050035
³ Agronomy College, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi;
⁴ Institute of Wheat, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen 041000, Shanxi
⁵ Crop Research Institute of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yongning 750105, Ningxia
⁶ Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091

Received:2019-05-15 Accepted:2019-08-03 Online:2019-12-01 Published:2019-12-01
Contact: QiXin SUN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】利用热感指数作为耐热性鉴定指标,分别对冬、春小麦种质资源进行高通量耐热性鉴定,筛选耐热种质资源,为小麦耐热性育种提供材料基础。【方法】冬小麦材料采用延期播种、春小麦材料种植在温度有显著差异的地理环境下,人为致使小麦灌浆期遭遇高温胁迫。根据不同环境处理的千粒重值计算冬、春小麦各个材料的热感指数。依据热感指数,对来自中国不同小麦生态区和国外不同地区和组织的1 325份小麦种质资源,包括688份冬小麦和637份春小麦,分别进行耐热性评价。热感指数小于0.5为极耐热材料、大于等于0.5小于1为中等耐热材料、大于等于1小于1.5为中等热敏感材料、大于等于1.5为极敏感材料。【结果】冬小麦和春小麦热胁迫处理组灌浆期平均最高温度分别高于对照组1.91℃和7.09℃,且热胁迫处理组千粒重与对照组相比均有显著降低。根据热感指数分级评价结果,极耐热冬、春小麦材料31和48份,占供试材料的4.51%和7.54%;极敏感冬、春小麦材料19和58份,占供试材料的2.76%和9.11%;其余大多数材料为中间类型（中等耐热材料和中等热敏感材料）。从中国小麦生态区域的地理分布来看,来自南部麦区（西南冬麦区、青藏春冬麦区、长江中下游冬麦区）的冬小麦材料耐热性整体高于来自北部麦区（北部冬麦区、黄淮冬麦区）的冬小麦材料。对于春小麦,来自新疆春冬麦区的材料耐热性最强,平均热感指数为0.70,且其中88.00%的材料属于耐热材料（极耐热材料或中等耐热材料）;此外,来自国际干旱地区农业研究中心的春小麦平均热感指数为0.88,也表现出较强的耐热性。来自CIMMYT的人工合成六倍体材料耐热性最弱,平均HSI为1.18,其中69.58%的材料为热敏感材料（中等热敏感材料和极敏感材料）。【结论】采用延期播种或在高温的地理环境下种植能使小麦在灌浆期遭遇高温胁迫。以千粒重热感指数作为评价指标,对1 325份小麦种质资源进行高通量耐热性鉴定,综合考虑正常条件下的产量潜力和高温条件下的耐热性,筛选出优异耐热资源103份,可用于相应生态区小麦的耐热性遗传改良。

关键词: 小麦, 种质资源, 耐热性, 热感指数, 生态区

Abstract:

【Objective】 High-throughput evaluation of winter and spring wheat accessions for heat tolerance via heat susceptibility index (HSI) could provide the potentially superior accessions for heat-tolerant breeding programs. 【Method】 In order to expose plants to high temperatures during grain filling period, winter wheat accessions were sown in normal and late seasons, and spring wheat accessions were sown in different geographical environments with contrasting temperatures. The thousand grain weight (TGW) of winter and spring wheat accessions were measured under normal and heat stress environments, respectively. HSI was calculated from the TGW data of two different conditions. Using heat susceptibility index, 1 325 wheat germplasms from different wheat ecological zones of China, and international areas and organizations, including 688 winter wheat accessions and 637 spring wheat accessions, were evaluated for heat tolerance. Genotypes were classified into four tolerant grades, i.e. highly heat-tolerant (HSI<0.50), medium heat-tolerant (0.5≤HSI<1), medium heat-susceptible (1≤HSI<1.5) and highly heat-susceptible (HSI>1.5). 【Result】 The average maximum temperature at grain filling stage under heat stress condition was higher than that of the controls by 1.91℃ for winter wheat and 7.09℃ for spring wheat, respectively. TGW under heat stress condition was significantly lower than that of the corresponding control. According to the grading evaluation results of HSI, thirty-one and 48 highly heat-tolerant winter and spring wheat accessions accounted for 4.51% and 7.54% of the test materials, 19 and 58 highly heat-susceptible winter and spring wheat accessions accounted for 2.76% and 9.11% of the tested materials, and the rest were medium germplasms (medium heat-tolerant and medium heat-susceptible). According to the geographical distribution of wheat ecological regions, winter wheat from the southern wheat region (Southwestern Winter Wheat Zone, Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Spring and Winter Wheat Zone, and Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley Winter Wheat Zone) were more tolerant than that from northern wheat region (Northern Winter Wheat Zone, and Yellow and Huai River Winter Wheat Zone). For spring wheat, the average HSI of accessions from Xinjiang Spring and Winter Wheat Zone was 0.70, which was the most heat-tolerant, and 88.00% of the accessions belong to heat-tolerant (highly heat-tolerant or medium heat-tolerant) germplasms. In addition, the average HSI of spring wheat from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) with 0.88 showed heat-tolerant. The synthetic hexaploid wheats from CIMMYT had the weakest heat tolerance, with an average HSI of 1.18, of which 69.58% were heat-susceptible germplasms (medium heat-susceptible and highly heat-susceptible). 【Conclusion】 Delayed sowing or planting in environment with high temperatures can make wheat encounter high temperature stress at grain filling stage. High-throughput method based on the HSI of TGW was performed to evaluate heat tolerance of 1 325 winter and spring wheat germplasms. Overall, one hundred and three heat-tolerant germplasms with high yield potential were identified, which could be used as parents developing heat-tolerant wheat varieties.

Key words: wheat, germplasm, heat-tolerance, heat susceptible index, ecological zone

王小波,关攀锋,辛明明,汪永法,陈希勇,赵爱菊,刘曼双,李红霞,张明义,逯腊虎,魏亦勤,刘旺清,张金波,倪中福,姚颖垠,胡兆荣,彭惠茹,孙其信. 小麦种质资源耐热性评价[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(23): 4191-4200.

WANG XiaoBo,GUAN PanFeng,XIN MingMing,WANG YongFa,CHEN XiYong,ZHAO AiJu,LIU ManShuang,LI HongXia,ZHANG MingYi,LU LaHu,WEI YiQin,LIU WangQing,ZHANG JinBo,NI ZhongFu,YAO YingYin,HU ZhaoRong,PENG HuiRu,SUN QiXin. Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Wheat Germplasm Resources[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(23): 4191-4200.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.23.001

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筛选的具有高产潜力的耐热小麦种质资源"

材料类型 Material type	材料来源 Material source	材料名称 Material name
冬小麦 Winter wheat	北部冬麦区 NCPWWZ	农大189 Nongda 189,农大3634 Nongda 3634,晋麦47 Jinmai 47,晋50 Jin 50,农大413 Nongda 413,京冬8号 Jingdong 8,农大212 Nongda 212,农大3659 Nongda 3659,农大3677 Nongda 3677,京冬6号 Jingdong 6,农大3097 Nongda 3097
	黄淮冬麦区 YHRVWWZ	济南8号 Jinan 8,04洛7671 04 luo 7671,中原麦 Zhongyuanmai,04洛7427 04 luo 7427,武农6 Wunong 6,泰山4606 Taishan 4606,洛麦23 Luomai 23,新麦208 Xinmai 208,新麦20 Xinmai 20,项麦969 Xiangmai 969,跃进5号 Yuejin 5,豫农9901 Yunong 9901,藳优1533-1 Gaoyou 1533-1,偃展4110 Yanzhan 4110,郑农17号 Zhengnong 17,中育8号 Zhongyu 8,新麦19 Xinmai 19,郑麦9962 Zhengmai 9962,新麦21 Xinmai 21,石麦12 Shimai 12,石麦22 Shimai 22,藳优9618 Gaoyou 9618,博农6号 Bonong 6,新麦2111 Xinmai 2111,中育5号 Zhongyu 5,04中36 04zhong 36,山农矮2号 Shannongai 2,新麦11 Xinmai 11,衡6632 Heng 6632,泰山24 Taishan 24,济麦19 Jimai 19,济麦23 Jimai 23,兰考926 Lankao 926,山农辐63 Shannongfu 63,新原9558 Xinyuan 9558,洛麦24 Luomai 24,烟农19 Yannong 19,衡观216 Hengguan 216,邯6628 Han 6628
	西南冬麦区 SCWWZ	安麦1号 Anmai 1,安麦7号 Anmai 7
	国外引进品种 ERA	Haruminori,VICTO,TAM107
春小麦 Spring wheat	CIMMYT	HC-18,HC-23,HC-100,HC-106,HC-107,HC-108,HC-114,HC-117,HC-126,HC-133,HC-136,HC-151,HC-176,
	ICARDA	ICARDA244,ICARDA251,ICARDA263,ICARDA277,ICARDA283,ICARDA301,ICARDA302,ICARDA320,ICARDA330,ICARDA340,ICARDA345,ICARDA350,ICARDA376,ICARDA419
	长江中下游冬麦区 MLYVWWZ	鄂恩4号 Een 4,皖麦54 Wanmai 54,华麦8 Huamai 8,荆麦66 Jingmai 66,襄专27 Xiangzhuan 27,扬麦15 Yangmai 15,鄂麦504060 Emai 504060
	青藏春冬麦区QTPSWWZ	川麦45 Chuanmai 45,川育19 Chuanyu 19,西科麦1号 Xikemai 1,良麦2号 Liangmai 2,川麦55 Chuanmai 55
	西北春麦区 NSEZ	宁春53号 Ningchun 53,宁2038 Ning 2038
	新疆春冬麦区 XSWWZ	新春7号 Xinchun 7,新春8号 Xinchun 8,新春11号 Xinchun 11,新春16号 Xinchun 16,新春20号 Xinchun 20,新春24号 Xinchun 24,新春29号 Xinchun 29

表5

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材料类型 Material type	材料来源 Material source	材料数 Number of genotype	热感系数HSI		极耐热所占比率 Percent of extreme heat resistant (%)	中等耐热所占比率 Percent of medium heat resistant (%)	中等热敏感所占比率 Percent of medium heat sensitive (%)	极热敏感所占比率 Percent of extreme heat sensitive (%)
材料类型 Material type	材料来源 Material source	材料数 Number of genotype	平均BLUP Mean BLUP	标准差 SD	极耐热所占比率 Percent of extreme heat resistant (%)	中等耐热所占比率 Percent of medium heat resistant (%)	中等热敏感所占比率 Percent of medium heat sensitive (%)	极热敏感所占比率 Percent of extreme heat sensitive (%)
冬小麦	北部冬麦区 NWWZ	218	1.05	0.26	1.38	44.95	49.54	4.13
Winter	黄淮冬麦区 YHRVWWZ	363	0.95	0.25	4.13	51.79	43.80	0.28
wheat	青藏春冬麦区 QTPSWWZ	4	0.56	0.37	25.00	75.00	0	0
	西南冬麦区 SCWWZ	16	0.59	0.27	31.25	68.75	0	0
	国外引进品种 GRA	59	1.18	0.33	1.69	25.42	57.63	15.25
	长江中下游冬麦区 MLYVWWZ	28	0.74	0.30	21.43	64.29	14.29	0
春小麦	CIMMYT	194	1.18	0.42	5.15	25.26	48.45	21.13
Spring	ICARDA	237	0.88	0.27	8.86	54.85	35.86	0.42
wheat	长江中下游冬麦区 MLYVWWZ	60	1.07	0.39	5.00	25.00	51.67	18.33
	东北春麦区 NSWZ	7	0.83	0.50	28.57	28.57	42.86	0
	青藏春冬麦区 QTPSWWZ	103	1.00	0.29	4.85	41.75	49.51	3.88
	西北春麦区 NSEZ	11	1.16	0.27	0	36.36	54.55	9.09
	新疆春冬麦区 XSWWZ	25	0.70	0.26	28.00	60.00	12.00	0

材料类型 Material type	变异来源 Source of variation		自由度 Degree of freedom	平方和SS Sum of squares	均方和MS Mean squares	F值 F value	变异所占百分数 Total variation (%)
冬小麦 Winter wheat	基因型Genotype(G)	基因型Genotype(G)	687	762885	1110	102.753***	31.76
	环境Environment(E)	地点Local(L)	2	137384	68692	6356.252***	5.72
		年份Year(Y)	2	21980	10990	1016.95***	0.92
		处理Treatment(T)	1	1023122	1023122	94672.04***	42.60
	交互作用Interaction(G×E)	基因型×地点(G×L)	1374	47536	35	3.201***	1.98
		基因型×年份(G×Y)	1374	39622	29	2.668***	1.65
		基因型×处理(G×T)	687	118705	173	15.988***	4.94
		剩余方差 Residual	23188	250593	11		10.43
春小麦 Spring wheat	基因型Genotype(G)	基因型Genotype(G)	636	111558	175	19.58***	45.63
	环境Environment(E)	地点Local(L)	1	53702	53702	5994.457***	21.97
		年份Year(Y)	2	294	147	16.433***	0.12
	交互作用Interaction(G×E)	基因型×地点(G×L)	636	14966	24	2.627***	6.12
	交互作用Interaction(G×E)	基因型×年份(G×Y)	845	17975	21	2.375***	7.35
		剩余方差 Residual	5131	45966	9		18.80

材料类型 Material type	试验处理 Test measures	千粒重 Thousand grain weight (g)
材料类型 Material type	试验处理 Test measures	最高值Maximum	最低值Minimum	平均值Mean
冬小麦 Winter wheat	对照Control group	57.37	23.93	44.89
冬小麦 Winter wheat	热胁迫Heat stress group	43.99	17.12	32.47
春小麦 Spring wheat	宁夏Ningxia	55.65	31.61	44.88
春小麦 Spring wheat	新疆Xinjiang	48.47	28.41	38.95

评价 Evaluation	热感指数 Heat susceptibility index	材料数Number of genotype		比率Percent (%)
评价 Evaluation	热感指数 Heat susceptibility index	冬小麦Winter wheat	春小麦Spring wheat	冬小麦Winter wheat	春小麦Spring wheat
极耐热Extreme heat resistant	HSI<0.5	38	48	4.51	7.54
中等耐热Medium heat resistant	0.5≤HSI<1	323	258	48.40	40.50
中等热敏感Medium heat sensitive	1≤HSI<1.5	303	273	44.33	42.86
极敏感Extreme heat sensitive	HSI≥1.5	24	58	2.76	9.11

小麦种质资源耐热性评价

Evaluation of Heat Tolerance in Wheat Germplasm Resources

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