中国农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (24): 5163-5176.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.24.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻RIL群体高密度遗传图谱构建及粒型QTL定位

张亚东(),梁文化,赫磊,赵春芳,朱镇,陈涛,赵庆勇,赵凌,姚姝,周丽慧,路凯,王才林   

  1. 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/江苏省优质水稻工程技术研究中心/国家水稻改良中心南京分中心,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-07 接受日期:2021-08-03 出版日期:2021-12-16 发布日期:2021-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 王才林
  • 作者简介:张亚东,E-mail: zhangyd@jaas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31771761);江苏省现代农业重点项目(BE2019339);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-67)

Construction of High-Density Genetic Map and QTL Analysis of Grain Shape in Rice RIL Population

ZHANG YaDong(),LIANG WenHua,HE Lei,ZHAO ChunFang,ZHU Zhen,CHEN Tao,ZHAO QingYong,ZHAO Ling,YAO Shu,ZHOU LiHui,LU Kai,WANG CaiLin   

  1. Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu High Quality Rice R&D Center/Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2021-06-07 Accepted:2021-08-03 Online:2021-12-16 Published:2021-12-28
  • Contact: CaiLin WANG

摘要:

【目的】水稻粒型是与产量直接相关的重要农艺性状,影响稻米的外观品质和商品价值。挖掘新的水稻粒型相关基因,对揭示水稻粒型调控的遗传机理研究有重要意义,同时可为水稻粒型分子育种提供新的基因资源。【方法】以极端粒型差异的粳稻TD70和籼稻Kasalath,以及杂交构建的186个家系的重组自交系群体为研究材料,利用高通量测序技术对亲本和RIL株系进行深度测序。统计186个RIL基因型数据,利用滑动窗法(SNP/InDel数目为15),将窗口内SNP/InDel信息转换成窗口的基因型,预测染色体上的重组断点构建RIL群体的BinMap遗传图谱,结合2年的粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重的表型数据,运用QTL IciMapping软件,采用复合区间作图法对RIL群体的4个性状进行QTL定位。【结果】构建了一张包含12 328个Bin标记的高密度遗传图谱,该图谱各染色体Bin标记数为763—1 367个,标记间平均物理距离为30.26 kb。粒长、粒宽、粒厚和千粒重4个性状在RIL群体中呈近正态连续分布,且2年间的变化趋势相似,符合QTL作图要求。2018年对粒长、粒宽、粒厚及千粒重进行QTL分析,共检测到40个粒型QTL,其中,粒长12个,粒宽9个,粒厚8个,千粒重11个,2019年对粒长、粒宽、粒厚及千粒重进行QTL分析,检测到56个籽粒相关的QTL,粒长15个,粒宽11个,粒厚13个,千粒重17个。分析定位到的96个粒型QTL位点,连续2年都能检测到的QTL位点有11个,其中7个为已克隆的粒型基因位点,4个为未知的新位点,分别分布于第1、3、4、5染色体上,分别为粒长qGL-1-2qGL5-2、粒厚qGT-3-2、粒宽qGW-4-1。【结论】构建了一张包含12 328个Bin标记的分子遗传连锁图谱,解析大粒粳稻资源的粒型基因,获得了qGW-4-1qGL5-2qGT-3-2qGL-1-2等4个新的粒型QTL,可用于后续粒型调控基因的精细定位及克隆研究。

关键词: 水稻, Bin图谱, 粒型, QTL定位

Abstract:

【Objective】Rice grain shape is an important agronomic trait directly related to yield, which affects the appearance quality and commercial value of rice. Research on new rice grain shape genes is of great value for revealing the genetic mechanism of rice grain shape, and it can provide some new genetic resources for molecular breeding. 【Method】In the present study, a RIL population which constructed by an extra-large grain japonica rice variety TD70 and a small-grain indica rice variety Kasalath was used as the research material. The phenotypic data of grain shape, such as grain length, grain width, grain thickness and thousand grain weight were investigated. Using the Genotyping-By-Sequencing approach to re-sequence the parents and RILs to obtain SNP information. The sliding window method (the number of SNP/InDel is 15) was used for genotype calling and recombination breakpoint determination. Based on these results, a high-density Bin map was constructed. Meanwhile, the compound interval mapping method of QTL IciMapping software was used to map the QTLs related to grain shape. 【Result】A high-density genetic map containing 12 328 Bin markers was constructed. The number of Bin markers on each chromosome is 763 to 1367, and the average physical distance between markers was 30.26 kb. The frequency distribution of each trait for RIL population was continuous, which were consistent with the characteristics of quantitative characters, so it was suitable for the detection of QTL. QTL analysis of RIL population in 2018 showed that 40 grain-shape QTL were detected, including 12 grain length QTL, 9 grain width QTL, 8 grain thickness QTL, and 11 thousand-grain weight QTL. QTL analysis was performed of RIL population in 2019, and 56 grain-related QTL were detected, including 15 grain length QTL, 11 grain width QTL, 13 grain thickness QTL, and 17 thousand-grain weight QTL. Based on the two-year mapping results, we have mapped a total of 96 grain shape QTL. We found that 11 QTL could be detected for two consecutive years; among them, 7 QTL have been cloned and 4 new QTL were distributed on 1, 3, 4 and 5 chromosomes. Among the 4 new QTL, qGL-1-2 and qGL-5-2 was related to grain length, qGT-3-2 related grain thickness and qGW-4-1 related to grain width. 【Conclusion】We constructed a molecular genetic linkage map containing 12 328 Bin markers and used the map to analyze the grain shape loci of extra-large grain rice resources. Four new QTLs related to grain shape were obtained, which can be used for subsequent fine mapping, cloning and functional studies.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), Bin genetic map, grain shape, QTL mapping