哺乳期饲喂白藜芦醇和地衣芽孢杆菌对0-2月龄湖羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和血清指标的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.019

中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 451-460.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.019

• 专题：幼龄反刍动物培育研究 • 上一篇

哺乳期饲喂白藜芦醇和地衣芽孢杆菌对0-2月龄湖羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和血清指标的影响

王世琴^1,²,毕研亮²,赵国宏²,崔凯²,黄文琴²,张乃锋²,李发弟¹,屠焰²,刁其玉^1,²()

1 兰州大学草地农业科技学院,草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,兰州 730030
2 中国农业科学院饲料研究所/农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京 100081

收稿日期:2019-07-08 接受日期:2019-08-23 出版日期:2020-01-16 发布日期:2020-02-17
通讯作者: 刁其玉
作者简介:王世琴,E-mail：wshq1988@163.com。
基金资助:
国家现代农业肉羊产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-38、中国农业科学院科技创新工程CAAS-ASTIP-2017-FRI-04);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2017-FRI-04)

Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Parameters in 0-2 Months Old Hu Lambs

WANG ShiQin^1,²,BI YanLiang²,ZHAO GuoHong²,CUI Kai²,HUANG WenQin²,ZHANG NaiFeng²,LI FaDi¹,TU Yan²,DIAO QiYu^1,²()

1 College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University/State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems/ Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730030
2 Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081

Received:2019-07-08 Accepted:2019-08-23 Online:2020-01-16 Published:2020-02-17
Contact: QiYu DIAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】从羔羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢、血清抗氧化和免疫指标方面研究白藜芦醇（Resveratrol ）和地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）对0—2月龄羔羊的应用效果。【方法】选取体重为（3.82±0.46）kg的新生湖羊羔羊120只,分为4个处理组：正常断奶组（CON组,49 d断奶）、早期断奶组（EW组,21 d断奶）、白藜芦醇组（RSV组,饲喂10 mg·kg ^-1 BW白藜芦醇,21 d断奶）和地衣芽孢杆菌组（BL组,饲喂60 mg·kg ^-1 BW地衣芽孢杆菌,活菌数≥2×10 ⁹cfu/g,21 d断奶）。每个处理3个重复,每个重复10只羔羊。从4日龄开始,RSV组和BL组分别通过口腔灌服白藜芦醇和地衣芽孢杆菌。羔羊于56—63日龄期间进行消化代谢试验,并在63日龄时采集血液样品。试验期共63 d。【结果】羔羊21 d体重（BW）和0—21日龄开食料采食量及平均日增重（ADG）在各处理组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。EW组、RSV组和BL组羔羊的49 d和63 d体重均显著低于CON组（P＜0.01）,开食料采食量在21—49日龄期间显著升增加（P＜0.01）。试验全期（0—63 d）,EW组、RSV组和BL组羔羊ADG显著低于CON组（P＜0.01）,分别降低了18.5%、15.1%和20.5%。CON组和EW组羔羊干物质（DM）和有机物（OM）的消化率显著高于RSV组（P＜0.05）,并且EW组OM消化率显著高于RSV 组（P＜0.05）。CP、EE、Ca、P的表观消化率在各组之间无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。EW组NDF和ADF的消化率显著高于RSV组（P＜0.05）,其他各组之间NDF和ADF的消化率无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。不同处理对羔羊血清抗氧化、免疫及炎症等指标均无显著性影响（P＞0.05）。【结论】21日龄断母乳直接转为采食固体饲料的饲喂方式,会造成羔羊生长受阻,早期饲喂地衣芽孢杆菌和白藜芦醇对湖羊羔羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢、血清抗氧化和免疫指标等方面无明显作用。

关键词: 羔羊, 早期断奶, 白藜芦醇, 地衣芽孢杆菌, 生长性能, 养分表观消化率

Abstract:

【Objective】 The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Resveratrol and Bacillus licheniformis on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and serological parameters in lambs.【Method】A total of 120 neonatal Hu lambs ((3.82±0.46) kg of BW) randomly divided into four groups, including CON group (lambs were conventional weaned at 49 days of age), EW group (lambs were early weaned at 21 days of age), RSV group (lambs were supplemented with 10 mg·kg ^-1 BW Resveratrol and early weaned) and BL group (lambs were supplemented with 60 mg·kg ^-1 BW Bacillus licheniformis with ≥4.0×10 ⁹ CFU/g live bacteria and early weaned). Each group had 3 replicates with 10 lambs in each replicate. The digestion trial was carried out during day 56-63, and serum parameters were determined on day 63. The experiment lasted 63 d.【Result】There were no differences in body weight (BW) at day 21, average daily gain (ADG ) and solid feed intake during day 1 to day 21 between the groups (P＞0.05). The BW of day 21 and day 49 were significantly lower (P＜0.01) but solid feed intake of day 21-49 were significantly higher (P＜0.01) in EW, RSV and BL groups than that in CON group. During the whole experiment, the ADG of ER, RSV, and BL groups were significantly lower than that of CON group (P＜0.01), which were relatively decreased by 18.5%, 15.1% and 20.5%, respectively. The digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) were significantly higher in CON and EW group than that in RSV group (P＜0.05), and the OM digestibility was significantly higher in EW group than that in RSV group (P＜0.05). The apparent digestibility of CP, EE, Ca and P were not significantly different among the groups (P＞0.05). The digestibility of NDF and ADF were significantly higher in EW group than that in RSV group (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the other groups (P＞0.05). There were no significant differences in serum anti-oxidation, immunity and inflammation parameters of lambs between groups (P＞0.05).【Conclusion】 The results showed that weaning at 21 days of age and directly switching them to solid feed had negative effects on lambs’ growth performance with the BW reducing by about 15% at 63 days of age. The supplementation of Resveratrol and Bacillus licheniformis seemed no influence on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum antioxidants and immunity parameters in Hu lambs.

Key words: lamb, early weaning, Resveratrol, Bacillus licheniformis, growth performance, nutrient digestibility

王世琴,毕研亮,赵国宏,崔凯,黄文琴,张乃锋,李发弟,屠焰,刁其玉. 哺乳期饲喂白藜芦醇和地衣芽孢杆菌对0-2月龄湖羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和血清指标的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(2): 451-460.

WANG ShiQin,BI YanLiang,ZHAO GuoHong,CUI Kai,HUANG WenQin,ZHANG NaiFeng,LI FaDi,TU Yan,DIAO QiYu. Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Parameters in 0-2 Months Old Hu Lambs[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(2): 451-460.

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原料组成 Ingredients	开食料1 Starter1 (7-35d)	开食料2 Starter 2 (36-70d)	营养水平²⁾ Nutrient levels	开食料1 Starter 1 (7-35d)	开食料2 Starter 2 (36-70d)
苜蓿Alfalfa hay		7.0	干物质 DM (%)	90.19	89.08
燕麦草Oat grass		5.0	消化能 DE (MJ/kg)	13.55	13.87
玉米 Corn	50.0	45.5	粗蛋白 CP (%)	21.50	21.46
豆粕 Soybean meal	23.5	20.0	粗脂肪 EE (%)	2.23	2.56
玉米胚芽粕 Corn germ meal		10.0	中性洗涤纤维NDF (%)	15.10	18.93
麸皮Wheat bran	10.0	8.0	酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%)	6.40	8.21
石粉Limestone	2.0	2.0	粗灰分 Ash (%)	8.04	5.72
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	0.5	0.5	钙 Ca (%)	0.89	0.85
食盐NaCl	0.5	0.5	总磷 TP (%)	0.55	0.58
小苏打 NaHCO₃	0.5	0.5
添加剂预混料Premix¹⁾	1.0	1.0
合计Total	100.0	100.0

项目 Items	日龄 Days of age	组别 Groups				SEM	P值 P value
项目 Items	日龄 Days of age	CON	EW	RSV	BL	SEM	P值 P value
平均日增重ADG (g·d^-1)
	0-21d	219.81	215.51	211.89	230.72	3.290	0.199
	21-49d	298.64a	199.41ab	211.01ab	192.02b	7.018	＜0.001
	49-63d	271.52	263.69	288.29	247.90	6.531	0.164
	21-63d	289.6a	220.83bc	236.77b	210.64c	5.320	＜0.001
	0-63d	267.74a	218.29b	227.36b	212.94b	4.250	＜0.001
开食料采食量 Starter intake (g·d^-1)
	0-21d	9.59	11.15	8.03	10.18	0.516	0.179
	21-49d	208.32b	413.49a	423.00a	396.88a	27.688	＜0.001
	49-63d	816.79	855.3	889.37	788.29	21.231	0.397
	21-63d	411.14b	560.76a	578.46a	527.35a	22.256	0.005
	0-63d	277.29b	377.56a	388.31a	354.96a	14.842	0.006
饲料转换比 F/G
	0-21d
	21-49d		2.08	2.01	2.06	0.059	0.907
	49-63d	3.01	3.25	3.09	3.16	0.061	0.638
	21-63d		2.50	2.49	2.49	0.072	0.997

项目 Items	组别 Groups				SEM	P值 P value
项目 Items	CON	EW	RSV	BL	SEM	P值 P value
干物质采食量 DMI (g·d^-1)	1002.37a	826.22b	864.86b	839.80b	24.175	0.025
营养物质消化率 Nutrient digestibility
DM (%)	79.64a	80.02a	76.54b	76.98ab	0.565	0.044
OM (%)	80.71ab	81.26a	77.50c	78.10bc	0.548	0.021
CP (%)	79.35	80.29	78.42	76.28	0.719	0.239
EE (%)	77.09	73.98	69.29	67.22	1.585	0.104
NDF (%)	49.51	52.92	40.95	43.44	1.820	0.066
ADF (%)	33.42	43.11	33.19	38.09	1.637	0.095
Ca (%)	63.07	62.41	59.80	53.58	1.543	0.109
P (%)	59.91	56.28	54.48	55.02	1.627	0.667

项目 Items	组别 Groups				SEM	P值 P value
项目 Items	CON	EW	RSV	BL	SEM	P值 P value
总能摄入量GE intake (MJ·d^-1)	18.31a	15.09b	15.79b	15.34b	0.441	0.025
粪能FE (MJ·d^-1)	3.82a	3.13b	3.93a	3.77a	0.113	0.039
总能表观消化率Apparent digestibility of GE/%	78.89a	79.24a	74.94b	75.57b	0.619	0.011
食入氮N intake (g·d^-1)	34.42a	28.37b	29.69b	28.83b	0.830	0.025
粪氮Fecal N (g·d^-1)	6.98	5.57	6.39	6.85	0.235	0.133
尿氮Urinary N (g·d^-1)	9.19	8.97	8.60	8.53	0.584	0.979
沉积氮Retained N (g·d^-1)	18.25	13.83	14.70	13.45	0.903	0.224
氮利用率Utilization efficiency of N (%)	52.38	48.19	50.10	46.17	2.247	0.812
氮生物学价值Biological value of N (%)	65.56	59.98	63.97	60.39	2.644	0.868

项目 Items	组别 Groups				SEM	P值 P value
项目 Items	CON	EW	RSV	BL	SEM	P值 P value
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U·mL^-1)	94.13	96.50	93.96	96.02	0.700	0.486
丙二醛MDA (nmol·mL^-1)	5.43	5.51	5.37	5.24	0.056	0.393
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px (µmol·L^-1)	727.04	738.65	731.63	733.49	4.943	0.887
总抗氧化能力T-AOC (U·mL^-1)	8.61	8.44	8.75	8.74	0.076	0.474
过氧化氢酶 CAT (U·mL^-1)	7.70	7.31	7.75	7.57	0.070	0.111
免疫球蛋白G IgG (g·L^-1)	19.01	18.51	18.96	19.84	0.257	0.335
免疫球蛋白A IgA (g·L^-1)	0.69	0.73	0.70	0.66	0.010	0.107
免疫球蛋白M IgM (g·L^-1)	1.34	1.35	1.33	1.30	0.017	0.751
γ干扰素γ-IFN (pg·mL^-1)	141.37	144.78	141.21	143.90	0.718	0.196
白介素1β IL-1β (pg·mL^-1)	97.90	98.28	96.92	98.36	0.784	0.923
白介素4 IL-4 (pg·mL^-1)	13.27	13.22	13.29	13.29	0.065	0.981
白介素6 IL-6 (pg·mL^-1)	45.85	45.10	45.59	46.50	0.498	0.814
肿瘤坏死因子-α TNF-α (pg·mL^-1)	55.26	55.85	54.82	56.42	0.513	0.736
皮质醇COR (µg·dL^-1)	1.51	1.68	1.50	1.65	0.053	0.541

哺乳期饲喂白藜芦醇和地衣芽孢杆菌对0-2月龄湖羊生长性能、营养物质消化代谢和血清指标的影响

Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Serum Parameters in 0-2 Months Old Hu Lambs

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