中国农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 2239-2248.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.10.019
• 专题:幼龄反刍动物营养研究 • 上一篇
郝小燕1(),牟春堂1,乔栋2,张暄梓1,杨文军1,赵俊星1,张春香1,张建新1(
)
收稿日期:
2020-07-26
接受日期:
2020-11-27
出版日期:
2021-05-16
发布日期:
2021-05-24
通讯作者:
张建新
作者简介:
郝小燕,E-mail: 基金资助:
HAO XiaoYan1(),MU ChunTang1,QIAO Dong2,ZHANG XuanZi1,YANG WenJun1,ZHAO JunXing1,ZHANG ChunXiang1,ZHANG JianXin1(
)
Received:
2020-07-26
Accepted:
2020-11-27
Online:
2021-05-16
Published:
2021-05-24
Contact:
JianXin ZHANG
摘要:
【目的】研究高精料饲粮条件下,添加不同水平葡萄籽原花青素(GSPs)对杜寒杂交羔羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵、瘤胃及血清炎症因子及抗氧化能力的影响。为葡萄籽原花青素在反刍动物生产中的应用提供数据参考。【方法】选择48只体重相近(22.75±1.20 kg)、月龄相近的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交公羔,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将48只羔羊随机分为4组,每组12只。基础饲粮精粗比为7:3,GSPs添加量分别为0(对照组,CON)、10(10GSPs)、20(20GSPs)、40(40GSPs)mg·kg-1 BW。饲养期共60 d,前15 d为预饲期。正试期第1天晨饲前称量体重作为初始体重。正试期结束后颈静脉采集血液并分离血清,用于抗氧化指标、炎性因子和脂多糖含量测定;同时每组随机选择6只分别于饲喂后1、3、4、6、8、12 h口腔采集瘤胃液,立即测定瘤胃液pH,饲喂后3 h瘤胃液样品用于测定发酵指标及脂多糖含量。每组剩余6只进行屠宰,采集瘤胃组织测定抗氧化指标和炎症因子水平。【结果】10GSPs和20GSPs组的末体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),与40GSPs组差异不显著(P>0.05)。10GSPs和20GSPs组ADG和ADFI显著高于对照组和40GSPs组(P<0.05),而40GSPs组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);添加GSPs对瘤胃pH有一定的调控作用,饲喂后3、8、12 h瘤胃pH随GSPs添加水平增加而线性升高(P<0.05),4 h瘤胃pH较对照组有线性升高趋势,但差异不显著(P=0.057);添加GSPs后瘤胃液中乙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度有降低的趋势(P<0.1),对丙酸、异戊酸、戊酸浓度及乙酸/丙酸值没有显著影响(P>0.05);添加GSPs后血清脂多糖浓度较对照组显著降低(P<0.05),但不影响瘤胃液中脂多糖浓度。20GSPs和40GSPs组瘤胃组织GSH-Px活性显著高于对照组和10GSPs组,MDA含量显著低于对照组和10GSPs组(P<0.05)。20GSPs和40GSPs组血清SOD活性显著高于对照组,GSH-Px活性显著高于对照组和10GSPs组(P<0.05)。添加GSPs对瘤胃组织炎症因子没有显著影响,但有降低IL-6和IL-10的趋势(P<0.1)。20GSPs和40GSPs组血清TNF-α水平显著低于对照组和10GSPs组(P<0.05);40GSPs组血清IL-10含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),与10GSPs和20GSPs组差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】高精料饲粮条件下补饲适量GSPs可以提高羔羊瘤胃pH,提高血清和瘤胃组织抗氧化能力,对羔羊健康具有潜在的保护效应。在本试验条件下,GSPs的最佳饲喂量为20 mg·kg-1BW。
郝小燕,牟春堂,乔栋,张暄梓,杨文军,赵俊星,张春香,张建新. 葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊瘤胃发酵、血清炎症及抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(10): 2239-2248.
HAO XiaoYan,MU ChunTang,QIAO Dong,ZHANG XuanZi,YANG WenJun,ZHAO JunXing,ZHANG ChunXiang,ZHANG JianXin. Effects of High-Concentrate Diet Supplemented with Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Rumen fermentation, Inflammatory and Antioxidant Indicators of Rumen and Serum in Lambs[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(10): 2239-2248.
表1
饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)"
项目Items | 含量Content |
---|---|
原料 Ingredients | |
玉米秸秆 Corn straw | 20.0 |
谷秸 Millet straw | 10.0 |
玉米 Corn | 46.0 |
豆粕 Soybean meal | 7.0 |
棉粕 Cottonseed meal | 5.0 |
麦麸 Wheat bran | 5.0 |
石粉 Limestone | 0.3 |
碳酸氢钠 Sodium bicarbonate | 1.0 |
盐 Salt | 0.7 |
预混料 Premix 1 | 5.0 |
营养水平 Nutrient levels | |
粗蛋白 CP | 16.1 |
粗脂肪 EE | 3.5 |
中性洗涤纤维 NDF | 32.7 |
酸性洗涤纤维 ADF | 16.9 |
粗灰分 Ash | 10.2 |
总能GE; MJ·kg-1 DM | 18.8 |
表2
高精料饲粮中添加葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊生长性能的影响"
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | 10GSPs | 20GSPs | 40GSPs | 线性Linear | 二次方Quadratic | ||
初始体重Initial BW(kg) | 28.39 | 29.10 | 28.64 | 29.32 | 0.82 | 0.532 | 0.985 |
终末体重Final BW(kg) | 41.57b | 43.85a | 43.51a | 42.64ab | 0.70 | 0.375 | 0.039 |
平均日增重ADG(g·d-1) | 280.37b | 314.05a | 315.90a | 283.56b | 10.21 | 0.806 | 0.005 |
平均日采食量ADFI(g·d-1) | 1885.14b | 2010.61a | 1993.99a | 1874.60b | 31.74 | 0.737 | 0.001 |
料重比ADFI/ADG | 6.76 | 6.42 | 6.31 | 6.65 | 0.210 | 0.639 | 0.123 |
表3
高精料饲粮中添加葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊瘤胃pH的影响"
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | 10GSPs | 20GSPs | 40GSPs | 线性Linear | 二次方Quadratic | ||
1 h | 6.04 | 6.05 | 6.09 | 6.11 | 0.03 | 0.101 | 0.805 |
3 h | 5.80b | 5.79b | 5.93a | 5.94a | 0.05 | 0.018 | 0.664 |
4 h | 5.92 | 5.93 | 5.97 | 6.05 | 0.04 | 0.057 | 0.389 |
6 h | 6.05 | 6.14 | 6.10 | 6.15 | 0.07 | 0.155 | 0.883 |
8 h | 6.19b | 6.21b | 6.34a | 6.30a | 0.03 | 0.031 | 0.141 |
12 h | 6.24b | 6.23b | 6.33a | 6.35a | 0.03 | 0.009 | 0.420 |
表4
高精料饲粮中添加葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊饲喂后3 h瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸的影响"
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | 10GSPs | 20GSPs | 40GSPs | 线性Linear | 二次方Quadratic | ||
乙酸 Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 59.61 | 59.01 | 54.11 | 55.18 | 1.95 | 0.058 | 0.672 |
丙酸Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 25.08 | 24.93 | 21.56 | 22.83 | 1.64 | 0.182 | 0.667 |
异丁酸 Isobutyrate (mmol·L-1) | 0.50b | 0.49b | 0.55ab | 0.63a | 0.032 | 0.004 | 0.153 |
丁酸 Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 11.93 | 10.82 | 10.92 | 9.51 | 0.78 | 0.064 | 0.850 |
异戊酸 Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.85 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.91 | 0.041 | 0.291 | 0.224 |
戊酸 Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 1.21 | 1.21 | 1.10 | 1.19 | 0.069 | 0.584 | 0.464 |
总挥发性脂肪酸TVFA (mmol·L-1) | 99.18 | 97.36 | 89.18 | 90.27 | 3.13 | 0.062 | 0.648 |
乙酸/丙酸Acetate/propionate | 2.45 | 2.41 | 2.55 | 2.45 | 0.16 | 0.854 | 0.856 |
表6
高精料饲粮中添加葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊瘤胃和血清抗氧化指标的影响"
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | SEM | P | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | 10GSPs | 20GSPs | 40GSPs | 线性Linear | 二次方Quadratic | |||
瘤胃 Rumen | T-AOC (U·mg-1) | 1.13 | 1.22 | 1.28 | 1.23 | 0.08 | 0.282 | 0.370 |
CAT (U·mg-1) | 4.41 | 4.54 | 4.08 | 4.37 | 0.47 | 0.787 | 0.861 | |
SOD (U·mg-1) | 6.8 | 6.85 | 7.46 | 7.28 | 0.53 | 0.394 | 0.830 | |
GSH-Px (U·mg-1) | 66.30b | 69.18b | 90.55a | 82.99a | 3.70 | 0.0003 | 0.173 | |
MDA, nmol·mg-1 | 0.693a | 0.62ab | 0.52b | 0.53b | 0.05 | 0.019 | 0.481 | |
血清 Serum | T-AOC (U·mL-1) | 1.60 | 1.62 | 1.83 | 1.78 | 0.07 | 0.056 | 0.590 |
CAT (U·mL-1) | 6.6 | 6.66 | 6.52 | 6.79 | 0.52 | 0.855 | 0.839 | |
SOD (U·mL-1) | 69.28b | 72.58ab | 82.9a | 83.43a | 4.16 | 0.010 | 0.743 | |
GSH-PX (U·mL-1) | 85.74b | 87.92b | 102.60a | 104.35a | 4.85 | 0.004 | 0.963 | |
MDA (nmol·mL-1) | 4.49 | 4.34 | 3.52 | 3.59 | 0.33 | 0.060 | 0.764 |
表7
高精料饲粮中添加葡萄籽原花青素对羔羊瘤胃和血清炎症因子的影响"
项目 Items | 组别 groups | SEM | P | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | 10GSPs | 20GSPs | 40GSPs | 线性Linear | 二次方Quadratic | |||
瘤胃 Rumen | TNF-α (pg·mg-1) | 4.48 | 4.45 | 4.25 | 4.30 | 0.23 | 0.497 | 0.871 |
IL-6 (pg·mg-1) | 12.05 | 12.06 | 10.16 | 10.73 | 0.66 | 0.061 | 0.676 | |
IFN-γ(pg·mg-1) | 4.96 | 4.51 | 4.50 | 4.78 | 0.28 | 0.664 | 0.208 | |
IL-10 (pg·mg-1) | 1.46 | 1.44 | 1.28 | 1.30 | 0.06 | 0.062 | 0.729 | |
血清 Serum | TNF-α(pg·mL-1) | 48.74a | 50.52a | 38.52b | 39.6b | 2.99 | 0.008 | 0.908 |
IL-6 (pg·mL-1) | 142.18 | 133.33 | 127.5 | 128.72 | 5.47 | 0.074 | 0.368 | |
IFN-γ (pg·mL-1) | 39.13 | 40.44 | 39.86 | 37.09 | 2.21 | 0.506 | 0.365 | |
IL-10 (pg·mL-1) | 19.86a | 17.79ab | 17.83ab | 16.19b | 0.93 | 0.015 | 0.814 |
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