中国农业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (12): 2140-2150.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.12.011
收稿日期:
2019-01-11
接受日期:
2019-03-18
出版日期:
2019-06-16
发布日期:
2019-06-22
通讯作者:
谭乐和
作者简介:
苏兰茜,Tel:0898-62553687;E-mail: sulanxi1988@163.com。
基金资助:
SU LanXi,BAI TingYu,YU Huan,WU Gang,TAN LeHe()
Received:
2019-01-11
Accepted:
2019-03-18
Online:
2019-06-16
Published:
2019-06-22
Contact:
LeHe TAN
摘要:
【目的】 研究盐胁迫对2种菠萝蜜属植物幼苗生长和光合荧光特性的影响,为热带盐碱地开发利用,发展岛礁特色农业提供参考。【方法】 以两种菠萝蜜属植物菠萝蜜(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)和面包果(Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg)为材料,采用沙培法,从3叶期开始进行盐胁迫(处理设为T0—T4,盐浓度分别为0、3.4、10.2、17.0和23.8 g?kg -1),研究盐胁迫下菠萝蜜和面包果幼苗生长、光合及叶绿素荧光参数的变化。 【结果】 盐胁迫显著抑制菠萝蜜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量和生物量积累,对面包果的抑制作用小于菠萝蜜。盐胁迫使菠萝蜜叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)降低,气孔抑制率(Ls)增加,面包果的变化幅度较菠萝蜜小。高盐胁迫(盐浓度>17.0 g?kg -1)显著抑制菠萝蜜叶片光化学猝灭系数(qP)、光系统Ⅱ活性(Fv/Fo)、潜在最大光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光能转换效率(ΦPSⅡ)、相对电子传递效率(rETR);使面包果叶片qP、非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)、ΦPSⅡ和rETR显著下降。叶绿素含量与光合参数呈显著正相关关系。盐胁迫、叶绿素含量和净光合速率以及它们之间交互作用解释作物生物量变化的比例为35.6%。 【结论】 盐胁迫显著抑制菠萝蜜幼苗生长、叶绿素含量、光合参数和生物量积累;面包果的光合参数和生物量在高浓度盐胁迫下较敏感。盐胁迫、叶绿素含量和净光合速率的变化与两种菠萝蜜属植物生物量变化密切相关。
苏兰茜,白亭玉,鱼欢,吴刚,谭乐和. 盐胁迫对2种菠萝蜜属植物幼苗生长及光合荧光特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(12): 2140-2150.
SU LanXi,BAI TingYu,YU Huan,WU Gang,TAN LeHe. Effects of Salt Stress on Seedlings Growth, Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Two Species of Artocarpus[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(12): 2140-2150.
表1
盐胁迫下菠萝蜜和面包果幼苗生长指标变化"
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 叶面积 Leaf area (cm2) | 叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content SPAD | 地上部干重 Dry weight of shoot (g) | 地下部干重 Dry weight of root (g) | 总干重 Total dry weight (g) | 根冠比 Ratio of root/ shoot (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
菠萝蜜 Jackfruit | T0 | 40.17±4.59a | 5.76±0.44a | 160.05±44.11a | 52.97±1.15a | 8.82±0.54a | 4.17±0.34a | 12.99±0.88a | 0.47±0.01b |
T1 | 30.63±3.37b | 4.71±0.39b | 113.14±6.37b | 53.33±4.13a | 5.99±0.27b | 3.10±0.14b | 9.09±0.39b | 0.52±0.02b | |
T2 | 24.37±4.52b | 4.32±0.12b | 117.43±5.34b | 28.80±5.73bc | 5.06±0.15cd | 3.45±0.26b | 8.52±0.29bc | 0.68±0.06a | |
T3 | 28.63±2.63b | 4.56±0.11b | 111.07±5.87b | 32.93±5.60b | 5.34±0.36bc | 3.33±0.14b | 8.67±0.25bc | 0.63±0.07a | |
T4 | 31.80±3.98b | 4.31±0.30b | 77.84±17.91b | 22.67±2.67c | 4.62±0.41d | 3.12±0.14b | 7.74±0.53c | 0.68±0.04a | |
面包果 Breadfruit | T0 | 77.13±8.87a | 8.41±1.10a | 266.47±31.90a | 44.27±3.15a | 17.14±0.80a | 5.70±0.36a | 22.84±1.10a | 0.33±0.01bc |
T1 | 80.23±4.57a | 8.62±0.75a | 293.23±44.24a | 45.73±5.61a | 16.91±1.74a | 4.81±0.47b | 21.72±2.17a | 0.28±0.01c | |
T2 | 72.10±3.55a | 7.81±0.11a | 278.34±42.92a | 40.53±2.40a | 10.70±0.61b | 4.13±0.08c | 14.84±0.53b | 0.39±0.03b | |
T3 | 79.17±2.70a | 7.66±0.79a | 240.91±49.80a | 47.37±1.95a | 6.89±0.98c | 2.12±0.28d | 9.00±1.25d | 0.31±0.02c | |
T4 | 70.00±11.10a | 7.40±1.85a | 307.84±52.05a | 46.67±4.95a | 8.16±0.67c | 3.63±0.39c | 11.79±0.78c | 0.45±0.06a |
表2
盐胁迫下菠萝蜜和面包果幼苗叶片的叶绿素荧光特性"
处理 Treatment | 光化学猝灭系数 Photochemical quenching coefficient qP | 非光化学猝灭系数 Non-photochemical quenching coefficient NPQ | 光系统Ⅱ活性 PSII activity Fv/Fo | 潜在最大光能转换效率 Potential maximum light energy conversion efficiency Fv/Fm | 实际光能转换效率 Actual light energy conversion efficiency ΦPSⅡ | 相对电子传递效率 Relative electron transfer efficiency rETR | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
菠萝蜜 Jackfruit | T0 | 0.95±0.02a | 0.11±0.02a | 3.74±0.03ab | 0.79±0.00a | 0.72±0.01a | 8.29±0.10a |
T1 | 0.94±0.00a | 0.10±0.06a | 4.07±0.06a | 0.80±0.00a | 0.72±0.00a | 8.31±0.06a | |
T2 | 0.95±0.02a | 0.18±0.05a | 3.80±0.13ab | 0.79±0.01a | 0.70±0.02a | 8.04±0.14a | |
T3 | 0.91±0.04ab | 0.36±0.41a | 3.11±0.44bc | 0.75±0.03ab | 0.63±0.10ab | 7.19±1.18ab | |
T4 | 0.88±0.02b | 0.44±0.32a | 2.37±1.00c | 0.69±0.09b | 0.55±0.09b | 6.35±1.03b | |
面包果 Breadfruit | T0 | 0.94±0.02a | 0.09±0.01ab | 3.78±0.20a | 0.79±0.01a | 0.71±0.02a | 5.93±0.14a |
T1 | 0.93±0.01ab | 0.06±0.03ab | 3.93±0.17a | 0.80±0.01a | 0.70±0.01ab | 5.84±0.11ab | |
T2 | 0.93±0.00ab | 0.11±0.00a | 3.61±0.01a | 0.78±0.00a | 0.70±0.00a | 5.86±0.01a | |
T3 | 0.93±0.04ab | 0.10±0.05a | 3.84±0.13a | 0.79±0.01a | 0.70±0.02ab | 5.84±0.20ab | |
T4 | 0.90±0.01b | 0.04±0.02b | 3.80±0.30a | 0.79±0.01a | 0.67±0.02b | 5.58±0.14b |
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