关键词: 撕裂蜡孔菌, 茄子, 辣椒疫霉, 养分

Abstract: 【Objective】 Bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers are safe and environment friendly, but need to find more effective strains to increase efficiencies in biological control and fertilization practice. Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is an indispensable vegetable in our country. It is an urgent production problem to effectively control diseases, improve plant nutrition, increase yield and quality. Ceriporia lacerate has been used in human disease treatment, environmental protection, bioenergy and other field. The objective of this study is to explore the potential of this fungus further in plant disease control and nutrition improvement. 【Method】 A new self-isolated C. lacerate (strain HG2011) was grown in Bonnet liquid medium and mixture made of rice husk, vermiculite, and maize powder, respectively, to produce culture broth and solid inoculant. By pure culture, antagonism, pot culture and field experiment, a several experiments were performed to detect extracellular enzyme activity in culture broth, antagonism against Phytophthora capsici on culture plate, biological control of phytophthora blight in greenhouse, nutrient uptake, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and changes in yield and quality of eggplant in field as affected by this new fungal strain. 【Result】 C. lacerate HG2011 strain could produce cellulase, β-1,3-glucanase, protease and phosphatase, with the activities of 46.11, 63.02, 199.33, and 27.25 U·mL^-1, respectively, in the culture broth. Moreover, the culture broth C. lacerate HG2011 inhibited the hyphal growth of P. capsici, with inhibition rate of 36.13%-60.59% on antagonism plate. In duel culture, this antagonistic fungus could cover P. capsici colonies and make the hyphae deformed, broken and melted. In greenhouse pot experiment, P. capsic was successful to infect eggplants through inoculation, with phytophthora blight incidence over than 50% and disease index of 64.50. After application of C. lacerate HG2011 culture broth, the disease incidence decreased to 10.50%-18.52%, the disease index was 13.46-20.60 and control efficiency was 68.06%-79.13%. The preventive effect was better than that of therapy. Seedlings supplied with the fungal solid inoculant in combination with chemical fertilizers showed the highest nutrient absorption efficiency, followed by only chemical fertilizer and control (without fertilizer). Compared with sole chemical fertilizer, C. lacerate solid inoculant increased nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium accumulation in eggplant seedlings by 30.99%-47.72%, 19.97%-43.40%, and 11.21%-41.34%, absorption efficiency by 31.01%-47.74%, 19.80%-43.40% and 11.21%-41.34%, fertilizer partial productivity by 5.88%-18.43%, 5.91%-18.44%, and 5.88%-18.43%, plant biomass by more than 30.00%, and fruit yield by over than 16.06%. Nitrogen, vitamin C, soluble protein, and free amino acids in the fruit were enhanced by 13.86%-20.79%, 62.46%-65.30%, 36.30%-37.67%, and 25.46%-33.08%, respectively, under C. lacerate solid inoculant treatments. 【Conclusion】 C. lacerate HG2011 strain inhibited hyphal growth of P. capsici, made it deform, break and melt, and reduced the incidence and disease index of eggplant phytophthora blight. The preventive effect was better than that of therapy. The application of the fungal inoculant promoted the nutrient absorption, stimulated the seedling growth, increased the yield, and improved fruit quality of eggplants in the field. Therefore, the new C. lacerate HG2011 strain and the founding of its new roles in plant disease control and growth promotion extended its biological functions, enriched the members in microbe source bank, and showed a promising potential in plant protection and fertilization.

Key words: Ceriporia lacerate, Solanum melongena, Phytophthora capsici, nutrient