海南南繁区水稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离及其时空分布特征

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.23.001

中国农业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (23): 4551-4562.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.23.001

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源 • 下一篇

海南南繁区水稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离及其时空分布特征

胡凝¹，姚克敏¹，袁潜华²，贾士荣³，何美丹²，江晓东¹，徐立新²，胡继超¹，裴新梧³

¹南京信息工程大学应用气象学院/江苏省农业气象重点实验室，南京 210044
²海南大学农学院/海南省热带生物资源可持续利用重点实验室，海口570228
³中国农业科学院生物技术研究所，北京 100081

收稿日期:2014-04-16 修回日期:2014-07-17 出版日期:2014-12-01 发布日期:2014-12-01
通讯作者: 裴新梧
作者简介:胡凝，E-mail：huning@nuist.edu.cn。姚克敏，E-mail：yaokemin2009@163.com。袁潜华，E-mail：qhyuan@163.com。贾士荣，E-mail：srjia@126.com。胡凝、姚克敏、袁潜华和贾士荣为同等贡献作者。
基金资助:
国家转基因新品种培育重大专项（2014ZX08011-001）、江苏省农业气象重点实验室开放课题（KYQ1203）、温州市科技局项目（S20100041）、海南省重大科技项目（ZDZX2013023）

The Maximum Threshold Distances of Rice Gene Flow and Its Temporal and Spatial Distribution in the Hainan Crop Winter-Season Multiplication Region of China

HU Ning¹, YAO Ke-min¹, YUAN Qian-hua², JIA Shi-rong³, HE Mei-dan², JIANG Xiao-dong¹, XU Li-xin², HU Ji-chao¹, PEI Xin-wu³

¹ College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing 210044
² College of Agriculture, Hainan University/Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Haikou 570228
³ Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081

Received:2014-04-16 Revised:2014-07-17 Online:2014-12-01 Published:2014-12-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】陵水、三亚、乐东三县（市）是各类水稻（包括转基因水稻）冬季南繁的主要基地或中心。计算并绘制海南南繁区乡镇尺度水稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离图，为南繁水稻育种设置合理的隔离距离提供参考。【方法】采用已建立的水稻基因飘流模型和阈值分析方法，依托南繁区自动气象站资料，计算了该区域乡、镇尺度向不育系和栽培稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离（the maximum threshold distances of gene flow，MTDs），分析其时、空分布特征和影响因子。参照中国农业部有关水稻种子生产的质量标准，阈值分别设为1%和0.1%。【结果】南繁区向不育系的MTD_1%平均值为（110±31）m，最短为53 m，最长为195 m。向不育系的MTD_0.1%平均值为（169±44）m，最短为75 m，最长为271 m。向栽培稻的MTD_1%均小于1 m；MTD_0.1%平均值为（3.4±1.1）m，最短为0.6 m，最长为5.8 m。向不育系和栽培稻的MTD_0.1%两者相差近50倍。南繁区MTDs有2个高值区和4个高值点，3个低值区和5个低值点。以陵水、三亚、乐东为主体的南繁区，地处热带，三面临海，北面有五指山为屏障。冬季盛行东北季风，春季和初夏盛行南太平洋的东南季风和印度洋的西南季风。因此，南繁区的沿海陆地平原大都风速较大；沿海陆地与五指山区之间为中、低山丘陵地带，丘陵的走向和高度决定了该区的风向和风速；五指山南坡附近的丘陵地区，风速会因屏障效应而明显减小。【结论】地形特征和大气环流影响风向和风速，决定了南繁区MTDs空间分布的基本格局：高值区主要分布在该地区的东翼、西翼和南部沿海平原；低值区主要分布在五指山南麓的屏障区域。

关键词: 水稻, 不育系, 海南南繁, 基因飘流, 最大阈值距离

Abstract: 【Objective】The area of three counties of Lingshui, Sanya and Ledong is a major base or center for Hainan crop winter-season multiplication (HCWM) of different types of rice, including genetically modified (GM) rice. The objective of this study is to calculate the maximum threshold distances of gene flow (MTDs) in the region and to draw a small-scale and even more precise picture of MTDs spatial distribution, which may serve as a reference for setting proper isolation distances in plantation of different types of traditional and GM rice. 【Method】 By adopting an established rice gene flow model and the meteorological data recorded at 52 automated meteorological stations in 27 towns as a model input, the MTDs of rice cultivars and male sterile (ms) lines at a town level were calculated. On the basis of these data, the patterns of spatial distribution of MTDs in the region and its key determining factors were analyzed. According to the national standards of rice seed purity issued by Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), China, 1% or 0.1% was used as a threshold value. 【Result】 Results indicated that in the HCWM region, the MTD_1%to ms lines ranged from 53 m to 195 m with a mean of (110±31) m. The MTD_0.1% to ms lines ranged from 75 m to 271 m with an average value of (169±44) m. In contrast, the MTD_1% to common rice cultivars was less than 1 m in all locations, and the MTD_0.1% was 0.6 m to 5.8 m with a mean of (3.4±1.1) m. These data show that there is a 50-fold difference between MTD_0.1% to ms lines and cultivated rice. It was found that there were two centers and 4 spots with high MTDs, and 3 centers and 5 spots with low MTDs in the region. The three counties of Lingshui, Sanya and Ledong are situated in a tropical zone, along the South China Sea coast with a protective screen provided by the Five-finger Mountains (FFM) at north. In the winter season, the prevailing wind direction in the region is north-east monsoon, while in the spring and early summer, it becomes south-east monsoon from the South Pacific Ocean and south-west monsoon from the Indian Ocean. Higher wind speed usually occurs in the plain region along sea coast. Wind direction and speed in the hilly region between the plain region and the FFM is also influenced by the height and trend of hills. Wind speed near the south slope of the FFM is greatly reduced by its protective effect. 【Conclusion】 The topography and the atmospheric circulation that affect wind speed and direction, to a great extent, determine the basic distribution patterns of MTDs in the region: the high MTDs mainly exist at the east and west wing of the region as well as in the south coast plain region; while the low MTDs typically distributed in the south slope region of the FFM that provides an effective protection.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), male sterile line, Hainan crop winter-season multiplication, gene flow, maximum threshold distances

胡凝，姚克敏，袁潜华，贾士荣，何美丹，江晓东，徐立新，胡继超，裴新梧. 海南南繁区水稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离及其时空分布特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(23): 4551-4562.

HU Ning, YAO Ke-min, YUAN Qian-hua, JIA Shi-rong, HE Mei-dan, JIANG Xiao-dong, XU Li-xin, HU Ji-chao, PEI Xin-wu. The Maximum Threshold Distances of Rice Gene Flow and Its Temporal and Spatial Distribution in the Hainan Crop Winter-Season Multiplication Region of China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(23): 4551-4562.

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海南南繁区水稻基因飘流的最大阈值距离及其时空分布特征

The Maximum Threshold Distances of Rice Gene Flow and Its Temporal and Spatial Distribution in the Hainan Crop Winter-Season Multiplication Region of China

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