稻曲病菌侵染机制研究现状与展望

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.22.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 稻曲病是目前世界范围内的水稻主要病害之一，但其病原菌侵染机制仍有许多不明之处。本文对稻曲病菌侵染机制的研究现状与存在问题进行了分析，并提出了进一步研究的重点和策略。现有的研究表明，稻曲病菌可侵染水稻幼苗的胚根、胚芽鞘以及孕穗期雄蕊的花丝。病原菌不产生典型的附着胞结构，不能直接穿透寄主细胞，不产生吸器，侵染模式为胞间侵染和扩展。苗期侵染是否可扩展至穗部并致病，尚无确切证据。在孕穗期，稻曲病菌专一性侵染水稻雄蕊的花丝，并由此生长发育成稻曲球；稻曲病菌不能侵染子房和花药，但次生菌丝可偶尔侵染柱头和浆片的外层细胞。稻曲病菌在侵染过程中不会杀死寄主细胞，属活体营养型真菌。稻曲病菌苗期侵染的扩展过程和孕穗期选择性侵染的细胞与分子生物学机制是未来研究的主要问题。

关键词: 水稻 , 稻曲病菌 , 侵染机制 , 花丝

Abstract: Rice false smut has been an important disease throughout the world, and there are still many puzzles remained in the infection mechanism of the pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens. Here the progress in recent years on the pathogen infection, and problems were reviewed and the perspectives of the research were outlined. It is found that the pathogen could invade rice coleoptiles and roots at the young seedling stage and the filaments of stamen at the earlier booting stage. The pathogen does not form typical appressorial structure, and the hyphae invade and extend intercellularly. The fungal hyphae do not penetrate through the host cell wall. It is not clear if the pathogen colonized in the young seedlings can extend to the spikelets and form the ball-like symptom. At rice booting stage, the pathogen attacks exclusively rice filaments and the secondary hyphae can infect the outer layers of cells on lodicules and stigmas occasionally. The pathogen can not infect the ovary and anthers. The pathogen does not kill the host cell during its development, typical of a biotrophic parasite. Future researches may be focused on the infection progression of young seedlings and on the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of the organ-selected invasion.

Key words: Oryza sativa , Ustilaginoidea virens , infection mechanism , filament

胡东维, 王, 疏. 稻曲病菌侵染机制研究现状与展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(22): 4604-4611.

HU Dong-Wei, WANG , SHU . Progress and Perspectives in Infection Mechanism of Ustilaginoidea virens[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(22): 4604-4611.

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