中国农业科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 787-794 .doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2010.04.016

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

5种菊花近缘种属植物的耐盐性比较

管志勇,陈发棣,滕年军,陈素梅,刘浦生

  

  1. (南京农业大学园艺学院)
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-18 修回日期:2009-11-14 出版日期:2010-02-20 发布日期:2010-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈发棣

Study on the NaCl Tolerance in Five Plant Species from Dendranthema and Its Relatives

GUAN Zhi-yong, CHEN Fa-di, TENG Nian-jun, CHEN Su-mei, LIU Pu-sheng
  

  1. (南京农业大学园艺学院)
  • Received:2009-03-18 Revised:2009-11-14 Online:2010-02-20 Published:2010-02-20
  • Contact: CHEN Fa-di

摘要:

【目的】比较菊花近缘种属野生资源大岛野路菊(Dendranthema crassum)、萨摩野菊(D.ornatum)、菊花脑(D.nankingense)、矶菊(Ajania pacificum)和牡蒿(Artemisia japonica) 的耐盐性,确定菊花耐盐评价和筛选的主要指标,为更大规模的菊花近缘种属耐盐筛选及抗盐新品种选育奠定基础。【方法】在Hogland营养液水培条件下,添加不同浓度NaCl对5种菊花近缘种属植物进行处理,通过形态特征及叶绿素(Chl)含量、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量、光合气体参数测定,评价不同物种的耐盐性强弱。【结果】在盐胁迫下,所有物种的Chla、Chlb及Chl(a+b)含量下降;叶片脯氨酸(Pro)和丙二醛(MDA)含量增加;叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)降低,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)升高。单株受害叶面积与叶片Chla含量、净光合速率、丙二醛含量极显著相关; 运用主成分分析,提炼出叶片伤害率、叶绿素a,总叶绿素,净光合速率,丙二醛含量5个关键筛选指标。【结论】菊花脑、萨摩野菊对盐胁迫敏感,大岛野路菊、牡蒿、矶菊对盐胁迫耐性强。与耐盐物种相比,盐敏感物种在胁迫下光合色素含量、净光合速率下降幅度大,脯氨酸积累量小,丙二醛含量增幅大,相关分析和主成分分析结果得出,叶绿素含量、净光合速率和丙二醛含量是菊花近缘种属耐盐性评价的3个最主要生理指标。

关键词: 菊花, 菊近缘物种, 耐盐性, 生理指标, 光合

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to establish the indicators for salt tolerance evaluation and screening, and to lay a foundation for further large scale salt tolerance evaluation of related species of Dendranthema and to breed salt tolerant cultivars, salt tolerance of five related species of Dendranthema, i.e., Dendranthema crassum, D. ornatum, D. nankingense, Ajania pacificum and Artemisia japonica, were compared. 【Method】 Five related species of Dendranthema were cultured in Hogland solution supplied with NaCl at different concentrations of 0, 40, 80,120 and 160 mmol?L-1, respectively. The effects of NaCl stress on the morphological characteristics, chlorophyll contents, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of seedlings were investigated. The salt tolerance of five species was evaluated based on above parameters.【Result】 The results showed that under salt stress, Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) content decreased in five species. The proline content and MDA content increased under salt stress. However, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate declined significantly, while intercellular CO2 concentration increased in all the five species under salt stress. The injured leaf area per plant was closely correlated with chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate and MDA content. The rate of injured leaf area per plant, net photosynthetic rate, Chl a, Chl (a+b) contents, and MDA content which closely related to the salt tolerance were screened upon principal component analysis.【Conclusion】Dendranthema ornatum and D.nankingense are sensitive to salt stress, while Ajania pacificum, Artemisia japonica and D. crassum are salt tolerant ones. Compared to salt tolerant species, the salt sensitive species showed much decline in chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate, showed less proline accumulation and a higher MDA content. Correlation and principal component analysis suggested that the chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate and MDA content maybe the most effective physiological indexes for evaluation of salt tolerance of related species of Dendranthema and its relatives.

Key words: chrysanthemum, Dendranthema related species, salt tolerance, physiological indexes, photosynthesis