|
|
|
|
|
| Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on the Distribution of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water-Stable Aggregates in Paddy Soil |
| WANG Wei, CHEN Wei-cai, WANG Kai-rong, XIE Xiao-li, YIN Chun-mei , CHEN An-lei |
1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125, P.R.China
2. Institute of Agriculture Ecological and Environmental Health, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P.R.China
3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R.China |
|
|
|
摘要 We investigated the size distribution of water-stable aggregates and the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration
over aggregate size fractions based on a long-term (1990-2006) fertilization experiment in a reddish paddy soil. The results
showed that the largest water-stable aggregate (WSA) (>5 mm) and the smallest WSA (<0.25 mm) took up the first largest
proportion (38.3%) and the second largest proportion (23.3%), respectively. Application of organic materials increased
the proportion of the large WSA (>2 mm) and decreased the proportion of the small WSA (<1 mm), resulting in an increase
in the mean weight diameter of WSA, whereas application of chemical fertilizer had little effect. Application of organic
materials, especially combined with chemical fertilizers, increased total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations
in all sizes of WSA, and total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were prone to concentrate in the large WSA. Further more,
application of organic materials improved the supply effectiveness of available phosphorus, whereas had little influence
on the labile carbon in WSA. Application of chemical fertilizers improved concentrations of total and available phosphorus
in all sizes of WSA, whereas had little influence on total carbon and nitrogen contents. Economical fertilization model
maintained the soil fertility when compared with full dose of chemical fertilizers, indicating that using organic materials
could reduce chemical fertilizers by about one third.We investigated the size distribution of water-stable aggregates and the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration over aggregate size fractions based on a long-term (1990-2006) fertilization experiment in a reddish paddy soil. The results showed that the largest water-stable aggregate (WSA) (>5 mm) and the smallest WSA (<0.25 mm) took up the first largest proportion (38.3%) and the second largest proportion (23.3%), respectively. Application of organic materials increased the proportion of the large WSA (>2 mm) and decreased the proportion of the small WSA (<1 mm), resulting in an increase in the mean weight diameter of WSA, whereas application of chemical fertilizer had little effect. Application of organic materials, especially combined with chemical fertilizers, increased total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in all sizes of WSA, and total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were prone to concentrate in the large WSA. Further more, application of organic materials improved the supply effectiveness of available phosphorus, whereas had little influence on the labile carbon in WSA. Application of chemical fertilizers improved concentrations of total and available phosphorus in all sizes of WSA, whereas had little influence on total carbon and nitrogen contents. Economical fertilization model maintained the soil fertility when compared with full dose of chemical fertilizers, indicating that using organic materials could reduce chemical fertilizers by about one third.
Abstract We investigated the size distribution of water-stable aggregates and the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration
over aggregate size fractions based on a long-term (1990-2006) fertilization experiment in a reddish paddy soil. The results
showed that the largest water-stable aggregate (WSA) (>5 mm) and the smallest WSA (<0.25 mm) took up the first largest
proportion (38.3%) and the second largest proportion (23.3%), respectively. Application of organic materials increased
the proportion of the large WSA (>2 mm) and decreased the proportion of the small WSA (<1 mm), resulting in an increase
in the mean weight diameter of WSA, whereas application of chemical fertilizer had little effect. Application of organic
materials, especially combined with chemical fertilizers, increased total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations
in all sizes of WSA, and total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were prone to concentrate in the large WSA. Further more,
application of organic materials improved the supply effectiveness of available phosphorus, whereas had little influence
on the labile carbon in WSA. Application of chemical fertilizers improved concentrations of total and available phosphorus
in all sizes of WSA, whereas had little influence on total carbon and nitrogen contents. Economical fertilization model
maintained the soil fertility when compared with full dose of chemical fertilizers, indicating that using organic materials
could reduce chemical fertilizers by about one third.We investigated the size distribution of water-stable aggregates and the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration over aggregate size fractions based on a long-term (1990-2006) fertilization experiment in a reddish paddy soil. The results showed that the largest water-stable aggregate (WSA) (>5 mm) and the smallest WSA (<0.25 mm) took up the first largest proportion (38.3%) and the second largest proportion (23.3%), respectively. Application of organic materials increased the proportion of the large WSA (>2 mm) and decreased the proportion of the small WSA (<1 mm), resulting in an increase in the mean weight diameter of WSA, whereas application of chemical fertilizer had little effect. Application of organic materials, especially combined with chemical fertilizers, increased total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in all sizes of WSA, and total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were prone to concentrate in the large WSA. Further more, application of organic materials improved the supply effectiveness of available phosphorus, whereas had little influence on the labile carbon in WSA. Application of chemical fertilizers improved concentrations of total and available phosphorus in all sizes of WSA, whereas had little influence on total carbon and nitrogen contents. Economical fertilization model maintained the soil fertility when compared with full dose of chemical fertilizers, indicating that using organic materials could reduce chemical fertilizers by about one third.
|
|
Received: 02 November 2010
Accepted:
|
| Fund: This study was funded by the Knowledge Innovativation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2- YW-423) and the National Basic Research Program of China (2005CB121106). |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence XIE Xiao-li, Tel: +86-731-84615230, Fax: +86-731-84612685, E-mail: xlx@isa.ac.cn
|
Cite this article:
WANG Wei, CHEN Wei-cai, WANG Kai-rong, XIE Xiao-li, YIN Chun-mei , CHEN An-lei.
2011.
Effects of Long-Term Fertilization on the Distribution of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water-Stable Aggregates in Paddy Soil. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 10(12): 1932-1940.
|
| [1]Acharya C L, Bisnoi S K, Yaduvanshi H S. 1988. Effect of longterm application of fertilizers and organic and inorganic amendments under continuous cropping on soil physical and chemical properties in an Alfisol. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 58, 509-516. [2]Adesodun J K, Adeyemi E F, Oyegoke C O. 2007. Distribution of nutrient elements within water-stable aggregates of two tropical agro-ecological soils under different land uses. Soil and Tillage Research, 92, 190-197. [3]Adesodun J K, Mbagwu J S C, Oti N. 2005. Distribution of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in water-stable aggregates of an organic waste amended Ultisol in southern Nigeria. Bioresource Technology, 96, 509-516. [4]Angers D A, Mehuys G R. 1993. Aggregate stability to water. In: Carter M R, ed., Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Canadian Society of Soil Science. Lewis Publish, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 811-819. [5]van Bavel C H M. 1949. Mean-weight-diameter of soil aggregates as a statistical index of aggregation. Proceedings of Soil Science Society of America, 14, 20-23. [6]Bhagat R M, Verma T S. 1991. Impact of rice straw management on soil physical properties and wheat yield. Soil Science, 152, 108-115. [7]Blair G J, Lefory R D B, Leanne L. 1995. Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 46, 1459-1466. [8]Bronick C J, Lal R. 2005. Manuring and rotation effects on soil organic carbon concentration for different aggregate size fractions on two soils in northeastern Ohio, USA. Soil and Tillage Research, 81, 239-252. [9]Dawe D, Dobermann A, Moya P, Abdulracman S, Singh B, Lal P, Li S Y, Lin B, Panaullah G, Sariam O, Singh Y, Swarup A, Tan P S, Zhen Q X. 2000. How widespread are yield declines in long-term rice experiments in Asia? Field Crops Research, 66, 175-193. [10]Diepeningen A D, Vos O J, Gerard G W, Bruggen A H C. 2006. Effects of organic versus conventional management on chemical and biological parameters in agricultural soils. Applied Soil Ecology, 31, 120-135. [11]Elliott E T. 1986. Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils. Soil Science of Society America Journal, 50, 627-633. [12]Green V S, Cavigelli M A, Dao T H, Flanagan D C. 2005. Soil physical properties and aggregate-associated C, N and P distribution in organic and conventional cropping systems. Soil Science, 170, 822-831. [13]Hati K M, Swarup A, Dwivedi A K, Misra A K, Bandyopadhyay K K. 2007. Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 119, 127- 134. Haynes R J, Naidu R. 1998. Influence of lime, fertilizer and manure applications on soil organic matter content and soil physical conditions: a review. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 51, 123-137. [14]Khaleel R, Reddy K R, Overcash M R. 1981. Changes in soil physical properties due to organic waste application: a review. Journal of Environmental Quality, 10, 133-141. [15]Kpomblekou-A K, Tabatabai M A. 2003. Effect of low-molecular weight organic acids on phosphorus release and phytoavailabilty of phosphorus in phosphate rocks added to soils. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 100, 275- 284. [16]Kundu S, Singh M, Saha J K, Biswas A, Tripathi A K, Acharya C L. 2001. Relationship between C addition and storage in a Vertisol under soybean-wheat cropping system in sub-tropical Central India. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 164, 483-486. [17]Liu G S. 1996. Soil Physical-Chemical Analysis and Soil Profile Description Methods. Standard Press of China, Beijing, China. pp. 7-8. (in Chinese) [18]Madari B, Machado P L O A, Torres E, Andrade A G, Valencia L I O. 2005. No tillage and crop rotation effects on soil aggregation and organic carbon in a Rhodic Ferralsol from southern Brazil. Soil and Tillage Research, 80, 185-200. [19]Martens D A. 2000. Management and crop residue influence soil aggregate stability. Journal of Environment Quality, 29, 723- 727. Martens D A, Frankenberger W T J. 1992. Modification of infiltration rates in an organic-amended irrigated soil. Agronomy Journal, 84, 707-717. [20]Niewczas J, Witkowska-Walczak B. 2003. Index of soil aggregates stability as linear function value of transition matrix elements. Soil and Tillage Research, 70, 121-130. [21]Nyamangara J, Gotosa J, Mpofu S E. 2001. Cattle manure effects on structural stability and water retention capacity of a granitic sandy soil in Zimbabwe. Soil and Tillage Research, 62, 157-162. [22]Nyamangara J, Piha M I, Kirchmann H. 1999. Interactions of aerobically decomposed cattle manure and nitrogen fertilizer applied to soil. Nutrient Cycling Agroecosystems, 54,183- 188. [23]Palomo L, Claassen N, Jones D L. 2006. Differential mobilization of P in the maize rhizosphere by citric acid and potassium citrate. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 683-692. [24]Peoples M B, Craswell E T. 1992. Biological nitrogen fixation: Investments, expectations and actual contributions to agriculture. Plant and Soil, 141, 13-39. [25]Reeder J D, Schuman G E, Bowman R A. 1998. Soil C and N changes on conservation reserve program lands in the Central Great Plains. Soil and Tillage Research, 47, 339-349. [26]Smith P, Powlson D S, Glendining M J, Smith J U. 1997. Potential for carbon sequestration in European soils: preliminary estimates for five scenarios using results from long-term experiments. Global Change Biology, 3, 67-79. [27]Six J, Bossuyt H, Degryze S, Denef K. 2004. A history of research on the link between (micro)aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter dynamics. Soil and Tillage Research, 79, 7- 31. [28]Whalen J K, Chang C. 2002. Macroaggregate characteristics in cultivated soils after 25 annual manure application. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 66,1637-1647. [29]Yang Z H, Singh B R, Hansen S. 2007. Aggregate associated carbon, nitrogen and sulfur and their ratios in long-term fertilized soils. Soil and Tillage Research, 95, 161-171. [30]Zaller J G, Köpke U. 2004. Effects of traditional and biodynamic farmyard manure amendment on yields, soil chemical, biochemical and biological properties in a long-term field experiment. Biology Fertility of Soils, 40, 222-229. [31]Zhong W H, Cai Z C. 2007. Long-term effects of inorganic fertilizers on microbial biomass and community functional diversity in a paddy soil derived from quaternary reddish clay. Applied Soil Ecology, 36, 84-91. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
