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Special Issue:
玉米遗传育种合辑Maize Genetics · Breeding · Germplasm Resources
玉米耕作栽培合辑Maize Physiology · Biochemistry · Cultivation · Tillage
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| Variation of carbon partitioning in newly expanded maize leaves and plant adaptive growth under extended darkness |
LIANG Xiao-gui1, 2, SHEN Si1, GAO Zhen1, ZHANG Li1, ZHAO Xue1, ZHOU Shun-li1, 3, 4 |
1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
2 School of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R.China
3 Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Crop High Efficient Use of Water in Wuqiao, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuqiao 061802, P.R.China
4 Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao 061802, P.R.Chin |
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摘要
本研究为了量化不同“C饥饿”水平下玉米叶片C固定及其分配，并分析其与植株适应性生长之间的关系，利用室内液体培养玉米植株，在6叶展期进行连续三天的延长黑暗（ED）处理。结果表明，ED处理显著降低了植株生长和叶片叶绿素水平，但单位叶片CO2气体交换速率没有明显变化。由于延长黑暗缩短了光合时长，降低了日光合同化产物积累，成熟叶片中的淀粉和可溶性碳水化合物（TSC）日累积量也呈下降趋势。然而，ED处理下叶片淀粉和TSC积累量占日同化C总量的比例却有所增加。这些“暂储性”C大部分以TSC形式存在，并且主要为增加的夜间呼吸消耗所用而非转运至库器官。另一方面，随着时间的推移，不同处理叶片中的“暂储性”C累积量及其占日同化C总量的比例均呈下降趋势，这主要是由于叶片淀粉合成下降所致。叶片中的腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶和可溶性淀粉合酶活性随时间推移显著下降。因此，我们认为淀粉和TSC都参与了C突然短缺时植株生长和C供应之间的协调，但可能存在不同的作用方式。在突然的“C饥饿”情况下，植株将更高比例的同化产物留存在叶片中，以维持叶片功能。同时，成熟叶片中的“暂储性”C量及其占日同化C总量的比例随时间推移不断下降，以满足库器官的持续性生长需求。
Abstract Plants must maintain a balance between their carbon (C) supply and utilization during the day–night cycle for continuous growth since C starvation often causes irreversible damage to crop production. It is not well known how C fixation and allocation in the leaves of crops such as maize adapt to sudden environmental changes. Here, to quantify primary C fixation and partitioning in photosynthetic maize leaves under extended darkness and to relate these factors to plant growth, maize seedlings were subjected to extended darkness (ED) for three successive days at the 6th leaf fully expanded stage (V6). ED reduced plant growth and leaf chlorophyll levels but not the rate of net CO2 exchange. As a result of the reduction in photoassimilates, the accumulation of starch and total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) in mature leaves also decreased under ED. However, the percentage of the daily C fixation reserved in mature leaves increased. These transient C pools were largely composed of TSC and were mainly used for consumption by increased nocturnal respiration rather than for transport. As the days went on, both the amount of C accumulated and the percentage of the daily fixed C that was reserved in leaves decreased, which could be largely accounted for by the attenuated starch synthesis in all treatments. The activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and soluble starch synthase decreased significantly over time. Therefore, this study concluded that both starch and TSC are involved in the coordination of the C supply and plant growth under a sudden C shortage but that they may be involved in different ways. While the ratio of reserved C to daily fixed C increased to maintain blade function under acute C starvation, both the amount and the proportion of C reserved in mature leaves decreased as plant growth continued in order to meet the growth demands of the plant.
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Received: 10 February 2020
Accepted:
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| Fund: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300301), the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-02-13) and the Education Department of Jiangxi Province, China (190233). |
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Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence ZHOU Shun-li, Tel: +86-10-62732431, E-mail: zhoushl@cau.edu.cn
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| About author: LIANG Xiao-gui, E-mail: 792117652@qq.com; |
Cite this article:
LIANG Xiao-gui, SHEN Si, GAO Zhen, ZHANG Li, ZHAO Xue, ZHOU Shun-li.
2021.
Variation of carbon partitioning in newly expanded maize leaves and plant adaptive growth under extended darkness. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(9): 2360-2371.
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