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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-灌溉合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—Irrigation
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| The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain |
| ZHAI Li-chao1, LÜ Li-hua1, DONG Zhi-qiang1, ZHANG Li-hua1, ZHANG Jing-ting1, JIA Xiu-ling1, ZHANG Zheng-bin2 |
1 Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in the North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shijiazhuang 050035, P.R.China
2 Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, P.R.China |
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摘要
地下水资源紧缺是华北平原冬小麦生产面临的一个严峻的挑战，急需先进的节水技术在冬小麦生产上的应用。为了探讨微喷灌技术在冬小麦生产上的节水潜力，我们设置了五个处理，传统畦灌TF1（拔节期和开花期分别灌溉75 mm灌水量）；微喷灌MSI1（拔节期、开花期和灌浆中期分别微喷30 mm灌水量）; 微喷灌MSI2（起身期、拔节期、开花期和灌浆中期分别微喷30 mm灌水量）；微喷灌MSI3（起身期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆中期分别微喷30 mm灌水量）；微喷灌MSI4（返青期、起身期、拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆中期分别微喷30 mm灌水量），于2012-2015三个生长季通过大田试验进行了研究。研究结果表明，与TFI相比，MSI1和MSI2的水分利用效率分别增加了22.5和16.2%，同时分别降低耗水量17.6和10.8%。在不考虑降雨年型的情况下，与常规畦灌TFI相比，MSI1或MSI能够在降低20-40%灌溉水的前提下保证冬小麦稳产或显著增产。与TFI相比，MSI3的产量和水分利用效率也分别提高了4.6%和11.7%。微喷灌可以实现少量多次的灌溉，降低了土壤的紧实度并有利于小麦根系的下扎，进而有利于关键生育期光合同化物的生产。总之，与TF1相比，MSI1和MSI2能够在降低灌溉用水20-40%的前提下实现稳产或增产，这将为华北平原冬小麦节水高效生产提供一定的技术支撑。
Abstract The shortage of groundwater resources is a considerable challenge for winter wheat production on the North China Plain. Water-saving technologies and procedures are thus urgently required. To determine the water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation (MSI) for winter wheat production, field experiments were conducted from 2012 to 2015. Compared to traditional flooding irrigation (TFI), micro-sprinkling thrice with 90 mm water (MSI1) and micro-sprinkling four times with 120 mm water (MSI2) increased the water use efficiency by 22.5 and 16.2%, respectively, while reducing evapotranspiration by 17.6 and 10.8%. Regardless of the rainfall pattern, MSI (i.e., MSI1 or MSI2) either stabilized or significantly increased the grain yield, while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40%, compared to TFI. Applying the same volumes of irrigation water, MSI (i.e., MSI3, micro-sprinkling five times with 150 mm water) increased the grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat by 4.6 and 11.7%, respectively, compared to TFI. Because MSI could supply irrigation water more frequently in smaller amounts each time, it reduced soil layer compaction, and may have also resulted in a soil water deficit that promoted the spread of roots into the deep soil layer, which is beneficial to photosynthetic production in the critical period. In conclusion, MSI1 or MSI2 either stabilized or significantly increased grain yield while reducing irrigation water volumes by 20–40% compared to TFI, and should provide water-saving technological support in winter wheat production for smallholders on the North China Plain.
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Received: 03 February 2020
Accepted:
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| Fund: This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0300203 and 2016YFD0300105). |
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Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence JIA Xiu-ling, Tel: +86-311-87670620, E-mail: jiaxiuling2013@163.com; Lü Li-hua, Tel: +86-311-87670620, E-mail: nkyllh@163.com
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| About author: ZHAI Li-chao, Tel: +86-311-87670620, E-mail: zhailichao@163.com; |
Cite this article:
ZHAI Li-chao, Lü Li-hua, DONG Zhi-qiang, ZHANG Li-hua, ZHANG Jing-ting, JIA Xiu-ling, ZHANG Zheng-bin.
2021.
The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(6): 1687-1700.
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