Gene mapping of a mutant mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) reveals that a gene encoding a MYB transcription factor regulates the male sterility trait

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.07.011

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Gene mapping of a mutant mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) reveals that a gene encoding a MYB transcription factor regulates the male sterility trait

Qian Wang^1,²^*, Jingbin Chen²^*, Shanshan Zhu^1,², Yaming He^1,², Xingxing Yuan^1,²^#, Yun Lin², Ranran Wu², Jinyang Liu², Qiang Yan², Na Yuan², Xin Chen^1,²^#

¹College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

²Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

Highlights

· A no-pollen male sterile mungbean, vrnpms, was identified.

· Truncation of the activation domain in a MYB80 homolog caused sterility in vrnpms.

· Compared to Vrmyb80, the wild-type VrMYB80 could restore the phenotype of mutant Arabidopsis.

Abstract
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摘要

绿豆（Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek)）是重要的食用豆科作物。利用雄性不育系实现杂种优势可提升绿豆产量，但针对绿豆雄性不育的遗传学研究较为匮乏。因此，挖掘绿豆雄性不育基因具有重要意义。本研究鉴定出一个绿豆无花粉型雄性不育突变体 vrnpms（Vigna radiata no pollen male sterility）。通过 vrnpms 与 V2709 杂交构建F₂群体进行基因定位，将控制不育性状的基因定位到第6号染色体426.65 kb区间内。在 vrnpms 中，一个编码MYB80转录因子同源蛋白的候选基因 VrMYB80（EVM0016947），发生52 kb缺失，导致编码蛋白C’端截短。基于该缺失开发了一个与不育表型连锁的分子标记。拟南芥功能互补实验证明 VrMYB80 可恢复 myb80 突变体的育性。亚细胞定位显示 VrMYB80 定位于细胞核；转录激活实验表明其C’端为转录激活结构域；原位杂交检测到 VrMYB80 在花药绒毡层特异性表达。下游基因 VrMS1 在 vrnpms 中表达显著下调，暗示C’端转录激活域缺失导致 Vrmyb80 无法激活下游基因表达是 vrnpms 不育的原因。本研究揭示了豆科作物花粉发育的分子遗传基础，为绿豆杂种优势利用提供了理论支撑。

Abstract

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek)) is an important food legume crop. The utilization of heterosis based on male sterile lines can help increase mungbean yields, yet genetic studies on mungbean male sterility are rare. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the male sterility genes in mungbean. In this study, a no-pollen male sterile mutant vrnpms (Vigna radiata no pollen male sterility) was identified in mungbean. Gene mapping was conducted using F₂ populations derived from the cross between vrnpms and V2709. The gene controlling the male sterility was mapped to a 426.65 kb region on chromosome 6. A candidate gene VrMYB80 (EVM0016947), encoding a protein homologous to MYB80 transcription factors, exhibits a 52-kb deletion in vrnpms, resulting in a truncated protein lacking the C’-terminus. A molecular marker linked to the male sterility phenotype was developed based on the deletion in vrnpms. Functional complementation in Arabidopsis demonstrated that VrMYB80 could restore fertility in the myb80 mutant. Subcellular localization showed that VrMYB80 was located in the nucleus. Transcriptional activation assays revealed that the C’-terminus of VrMYB80 was the transcriptional activation domain. The result of in-situ hybridization indicated that VrMYB80 is expressed in the anther tapetum. The expression level of downstream VrMS1 was down regulated in vrnpms, indicating that Vrmyb80 with the truncated C’-terminal transcriptional activation domain failed to activate downstream genes, which was the reason of sterility of vrnpms. The findings of this study contribute to unraveling the molecular genetic mechanism underlying pollen development in legume crops and pave the way for utilizing heterosis in mungbean.

Keywords: mungbean Vigna radiata male sterility gene mapping MYB80

Online: 07 July 2025

Fund:

This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32472150), the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1202702), the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA-Food Legumes (CARS-08-G15), and the Jiangsu Seed Industry Revitalization Project, China (JBGS[2021]004).

About author: #Correspondence Xingxing Yuan, E-mail: yxx@jaas.ac.cn; Xin Chen, E-mail: cx@jaas.ac.cn *These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Qian Wang, Jingbin Chen, Shanshan Zhu, Yaming He, Xingxing Yuan, Yun Lin, Ranran Wu, Jinyang Liu, Qiang Yan, Na Yuan, Xin Chen. 2025. Gene mapping of a mutant mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) reveals that a gene encoding a MYB transcription factor regulates the male sterility trait. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.07.011

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