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Special Issue:
农业生态环境-有机碳与农业废弃物还田合辑Agro-ecosystem & Environment—SOC
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| Effects of a decade of organic fertilizer substitution on vegetable yield and soil phosphorus pools, phosphatase activities, and the microbial community in a greenhouse vegetable production system |
| ZHANG Yin-Jie1, GAO Wei2, LUAN Hao-an3, TAND Ji-wei1, LI Ruo-nan4, LI Ming-Yue2, ZHANG Huai-zhi1, HUANG Shao-wen1 |
1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, P.R.China
3 College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P.R.China
4 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, P.R.China |
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摘要
本研究基于10年（2009-2019）的定位试验，探究有机肥/秸秆替代化肥模式对土壤磷库、磷酸酶和微生物活性的影响，并明确调节土壤磷转化特征的因素。4个施肥处理包括：100%化肥（4CN），50%的猪粪（2CN+2MN）、秸秆（2CN+2SN）、猪粪配合秸秆替代化肥（2CN+1MN+1SN）。有机替代处理显著提高芹菜和番茄的产量，较单施化肥处理分别提高6.9-13.8%和8.6-18.1%，其中，2CN+1MN+1SN处理的产量最高。有机肥/秸秆替代化肥模式持续10年后，与4CN处理相比，有机替代处理减少总磷和无机磷的累积；显著提高土壤速效磷、有机磷和微生物量磷；促进酸性和碱性磷酸单酯酶、磷酸二酯酶、植酸酶和微生物的活性。此外，偏最小二乘路径模型（PLS-PM）分析表明，土壤的C/P比显著并直接影响磷酸酶活性和微生物群落结构，进而对蔬菜产量和土壤磷库产生积极的影响。偏最小二乘（PLS）回归表明，丛枝菌根真菌对磷酸酶活性有积极影响。该研究结果表明，有机肥部分替代化肥施肥模式能够提高微生物活性，促进土壤磷的转化和有效性。综合考虑土壤磷库，微生物活动和蔬菜产量，猪粪与秸秆配合施用对于开发可持续的磷管理措施更为有效。
Abstract Partial substitution of chemical fertilizers by organic amendments is adopted widely for promoting the availability of soil phosphorus (P) in agricultural production. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the effects of long-term organic substitution on soil P availability and microbial activity in greenhouse vegetable fields. A 10-year (2009–2019) field experiment was carried out to investigate the impacts of organic fertilizer substitution on soil P pools, phosphatase activities and the microbial community, and identify factors that regulate these soil P transformation characteristics. Four treatments included 100% chemical N fertilizer (4CN), 50% substitution of chemical N by manure (2CN+2MN), straw (2CN+2SN), and combined manure with straw (2CN+1MN+1SN). Compared with the 4CN treatment, organic substitution treatments increased celery and tomato yields by 6.9−13.8% and 8.6−18.1%, respectively, with the highest yields being in the 2CN+1MN+1SN treatment. After 10 years of fertilization, organic substitution treatments reduced total P and inorganic P accumulation, increased the concentrations of available P, organic P, and microbial biomass P, and promoted phosphatase activities (alkaline and acid phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase, and phytase) and microbial growth in comparison with the 4CN treatment. Further, organic substitution treatments significantly increased soil C/P, and the partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) revealed that the soil C/P ratio directly and significantly affected phosphatase activities and the microbial biomass and positively influenced soil P pools and vegetable yield. Partial least squares (PLS) regression demonstrated that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively affected phosphatase activities. Our results suggest that organic fertilizer substitution can promote soil P transformation and availability. Combining manure with straw was more effective than applying these materials separately for developing sustainable P management practices.
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Received: 05 March 2021
Accepted: 15 April 2021
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| Fund: This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-23-B04) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0201001). |
| About author: ZHANG Yin-jie, E-mail: zzhangyinjie@126.com; Correspondence HUANG Shao-wen, Tel: +86-10-82108662, E-mail: huangshaowen @caas.cn; ZHANG Huai-zhi, Tel: +86-10-82108685, E-mail: zhanghuaizhi@caas.cn |
Cite this article:
ZHANG Yin-Jie, GAO Wei, LUAN Hao-an, TAND Ji-wei, LI Ruo-nan, LI Ming-Yue, ZHANG Huai-zhi, HUANG Shao-wen.
2022.
Effects of a decade of organic fertilizer substitution on vegetable yield and soil phosphorus pools, phosphatase activities, and the microbial community in a greenhouse vegetable production system. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 21(7): 2119-2133.
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