Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2154-2164.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.10.007

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Exploration of Resistance Evaluation System to Fusarium Ear Rot Based on Fumonisin Content

SUN Hua1(), AN XiaoLing1,2, ZHENG XiaoJuan1, ZHANG Shuo1, GUO Ning1, SHI Jie1(), LIU ShuSen1, ZHANG HaiJian1, MA HongXia1   

  1. 1 Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/National Collection of Plant-Associated Microbes (Hebei)/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, Hebei
    2 College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/Hebei Sub-Center of National Maize Improvement Center/Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Baoding 071001, Hebei
  • Received:2026-01-20 Accepted:2026-02-08 Online:2026-05-16 Published:2026-05-20
  • Contact: SHI Jie

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Abstract:

【Objective】Maize ear rot severely impacts maize yield and quality, cultivating and planting resistant varieties is the most economical and effective prevention measure. Currently, the breeding of resistant varieties for maize ear rot mainly focuses on the severity of disease occurrence, while the accumulation of toxins within the kernels after disease occurrence is easily overlooked. This study aims to establish a resistance evaluation system to Fusarium ear rot based on fumonisin content, and to provide a basis for the breeding of new maize varieties with resistance to toxin production.【Method】The F. verticillioides with GFP-labeled was inoculated into the ears of Zhengdan 958 using the acupuncture inoculation method, then the infection and toxin production of the pathogen on the ears were investigated. The F. verticillioides was inoculated into 36 main cultivated maize varieties, and their resistance was evaluated according to the current standard, the fumonisin content in kernels of each variety was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the correlation between the fumonisin content and the average disease grade was analyzed, and a resistance evaluation system for maize varieties against Fusarium ear rot was constructed based on the fumonisin content ratio. Using this evaluation system and the current industry standard simultaneously, the resistance of 142 inbred lines to Fusarium ear rot was evaluated.【Result】After the maize ears were infected by F. verticillioides, in addition to the visibly moldy kernels, there were also kernels that were symptomless but still infected. These asymptomatic kernels not only affect the judgment of the severity of ear rot occurrence, but also increase the content of fumonisin in kernels. The fumonisin content in kernels was moderately correlated with the average disease grade (r=0.39), indicating that it is impossible to select resistant varieties against fumonisin production based solely on the average disease grade. Therefore, the resistance evaluation system for maize varieties to Fusarium ear rot was established based on the fumonisin content ratio in kernels: the fumonisin content ratio<0.45, highly resistant (HR); 0.45≤the fumonisin content ratio<0.65, resistant (R); 0.65≤the fumonisin content ratio<0.85, moderately resistant (MR); 0.85≤the fumonisin content ratio<1.25, susceptible (S); the fumonisin content ratio≥1.25, highly susceptible (HS). Among the 142 inbred lines, the concordance rate between the two evaluation methods was only 14.79%, but 37.32% of the inbred lines showed moderate or higher resistance in both evaluation methods.【Conclusion】Based on the fumonisin content ratio in kernels, a new system for evaluating the resistance of maize varieties to Fusarium ear rot was established. The concordance rate between this system and the current standard was only 14.79%. The combination of these two evaluation methods provides a new method for screening and cultivating “dual resistance” maize germplasm/varieties that possess both disease resistance and fumonisin production resistance.

Key words: maize ear rot, Fusarium verticillioides, fumonisin, resistance

Fig. 1

The infection situation of F. verticillioides on the ears"

Fig. 2

The scatter plot of the correlation between fumonisin content and average disease grade"

Fig. 3

The clustergram of maize varieties based on the fumonisin content ratio"

Table 1

Resistance levels of 142 inbred lines to Fusarium ear rot under the two evaluation methods"

品种
Variety		 标准NY/T1248.8—2016
Standard NY/T1248.8—2016		 本研究抗性评价体系
Resistance evaluation system
in this study		 品种
Variety		 标准NY/T1248.8—2016
Standard NY/T1248.8—2016		 本研究抗性评价体系
Resistance evaluation system
in this study
平均病级
Average
disease grade		 抗性
Resistance		 伏马毒素含量比值
Fumonisin
content ratio		 抗性
Resistance		 平均病级
Average
disease grade		 抗性
Resistance		 伏马毒素含量比值
Fumonisin
content ratio		 抗性
Resistance
X178 3.5 R 0.53 R F351 1.3 HR 0.62 R
B73 7.0 S 1.47 HS 17INI20 6.0 S 4.46 HS
PH0DH 4.0 MR 0.72 MR 09DSS1 3.2 R 0.91 S
PH0HR 4.4 MR 1.20 S PHKV0 2.8 R 1.70 HS
PH02T 4.7 MR 1.15 S PH0AA 3.0 R 0.06 HR
PH04G 4.6 MR 0.10 HR LH293 2.4 R 0.45 R
PH05F 2.8 R 2.62 HS 79314N1 3.1 R 1.09 S
PH05W 4.9 MR 1.13 S LH261 7.8 HS 5.57 HS
PH06N 5.4 MR 1.16 S PH1B8 3.0 R 0.27 HR
PH07D 2.4 R 1.61 HS PH2KN 2.1 R 0.02 HR
PH08A 4.1 MR 1.01 S PH1W0 4.4 MR 1.12 S
PH08B 6.4 S 5.31 HS LH287 3.9 MR 0.50 R
PH09E 2.2 R 5.31 HS LH245 3.7 MR 0.72 MR
PH12J 7.3 S 1.70 HS PH0CD 4.4 MR 4.02 HS
PH17C 2.2 R 0.73 MR PH1CN 1.7 R 0.15 HR
PH22G 4.9 MR 0.09 HR PH1GC 4.5 MR 2.28 HS
PH24M 2.8 R 0.03 HR PH24D 5.8 S 2.71 HS
PH32C 2.7 R 1.92 HS PH0GP 4.0 MR 1.96 HS
PH21T 3.7 MR 2.72 HS PH19V 2.6 R 0.48 R
PH1B5 4.4 MR 1.71 HS PH189 4.6 MR 4.13 HS
PH0JG 4.5 MR 1.15 S NP2015 5.6 S 0.72 MR
PH1TB 4.9 MR 0.62 R PH0B3 3.1 R 0.67 MR
PH45A 4.7 MR 2.61 HS PH0WE 2.3 R 0.92 S
PH0V0 4.7 MR 4.62 HS PH1NF 1.1 HR 0.08 HR
PH12C 3.8 MR 1.17 S SVAP7 7.1 S 0.36 HR
PH80B 6.0 S 2.47 HS SVBE4 4.3 MR 1.80 HS
PH42B 3.3 R 0.72 MR SVCI17 4.8 MR 1.17 S
01IZB2 4.3 MR 0.72 MR MR724 2.3 R 2.38 HS
SNBM 2.8 R 0.04 HR NR113 6.9 S 1.66 HS
ZS01228 4.3 MR 1.14 S 83INI14 6.9 S 1.08 S
3DHA9 5.3 MR 2.47 HS PH3KP 5.4 MR 1.89 HS
01CSI6 2.0 R 0.04 HR PH2VE 3.2 R 0.21 HR
90DJD28 2.0 R 0.13 HR PH1CP 6.1 S 1.26 HS
LH300 4.7 MR 1.63 HS PH2V7 2.7 R 0.94 S
LH238 1.7 R 0.73 MR PH1EM 3.9 MR 0.23 HR
LH264 1.9 R 1.06 S PH1M8 2.2 R 0.46 R
LH273 3.1 R 0.14 HR PH1MD 3.8 MR 0.02 HR
LH286 6.0 S 1.95 HS PH3EV 4.8 MR 0.45 R
ND288 5.9 S 1.35 HS PH4TF 3.1 R 0.16 HR
09DSQ1 3.3 R 1.60 HS PH9H3 3.0 R 1.05 S
17DHD7 1.9 R 0.15 HR PH3GR 2.6 R 0.31 HR
70LDL5 5.2 MR 0.83 MR PH3GK 5.7 S 1.20 S
NP2029 4.1 MR 5.84 HS PH2VK 3.3 R 0.51 R
NP2151 2.1 R 0.86 S PH2VJ 5.0 MR 1.02 S
NP2031 3.1 R 1.71 HS PH0WD 3.3 R 0.29 HR
NP2115 4.5 MR 3.42 HS PH224 3.6 MR 1.04 S
PH185 7.8 HS 3.54 HS PH1MR 5.1 MR 0.93 S
PH54H 7.3 S 1.60 HS PH1K2 5.6 S 0.26 HR
PH79A 2.6 R 0.73 MR LH253 5.0 MR 0.84 MR
WDHQ11 2.7 R 1.99 HS LH267 5.8 S 1.13 S
86ISI26 3.5 R 0.88 S PH2N0 6.5 S 10.47 HS
86ISI27 3.4 R 1.40 HS PH3P0 8.4 HS 3.55 HS
22DHQ3 2.3 R 0.95 S PH8V0 6.7 S 4.48 HS
87ATD2 3.7 MR 0.95 S LH266 5.7 S 0.33 HR
PH0B4 4.5 MR 1.52 HS LH303 2.1 R 0.22 HR
NP2066 2.8 R 0.34 HR LH277 6.4 S 1.13 S
PH77C 3.6 MR 0.79 MR LH229 2.9 R 0.43 HR
17DHD16 4.4 MR 0.58 R PH0KT 2.7 R 0.73 MR
01HGI4 4.5 MR 2.36 HS PH5D6 2.7 R 0.39 HR
17INI30 5.7 S 0.97 S PH3HH 4.5 MR 0.04 HR
17QFB1 7.2 S 5.21 HS PH1BC 3.4 R 0.36 HR
94INK1A 8.8 HS 2.61 HS PH2EJ 4.3 MR 0.39 HR
91ISI5 4.3 MR 1.87 HS PH3PG 3.7 MR 0.94 S
PH0AV 6.6 S 1.57 HS PH4TW 2.9 R 1.99 HS
PH1GG 4.9 MR 3.92 HS PH4TV 4.2 MR 1.27 HS
PH2CB 2.9 R 1.23 S GF6150 5.0 MR 0.69 MR
PH38D 3.6 MR 0.28 HR PH48V 3.8 MR 0.41 HR
86AQV2 3.2 R 1.14 S PH51H 7.3 S 1.36 HS
86ISI5 6.4 S 0.64 R PH4PV 4.5 MR 0.37 HR
WDHQ2 2.7 R 0.32 HR PH1GD 3.2 R 0.33 HR
83INI8 4.3 MR 1.59 HS PH50P 6.0 S 1.51 HS
01HGI2 4.0 MR 0.92 S PH5CT 5.2 MR 1.55 HS

Fig. 4

The distribution of resistance ratings for 142 inbred lines under two evaluation methods (%)"

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