彩色稻对稻纵卷叶螟的发生危害程度及其卵寄生蜂寄生行为的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.22.007

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The application of colorful rice in field painting is an important part of creative agriculture, but it may affect the occurrence and damage of the main pests in paddy field. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of colorful rice on Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and its egg parasitic wasps, and to provide a theoretical basis for the control of C. medinalis in creative agriculture.【Method】The biological characteristics of C. medinalis in purple rice, yellow rice and common rice (control) were compared, including the developmental duration of larval and pupal stage, survival rate of larvae and pupae, pupal weight and sex ratio. The oviposition selectivity of C. medinalis, and parasitic selectivity of its important egg parasitoids (Trichogramma chilonis and Trichogramma japonicum) between colorful rice and common rice were also compared. The occurrence of C. medinalis in colorful rice paddy field and creative field painting with purple rice was investigated as well.【Result】The results of laboratory test showed that C. medinalis preferred to lay eggs on colorful rice, and the percentage of egg laying on colorful rice was more than 60%, which was significantly higher than that of green common rice. The ecological fitness of C. medinalis on colorful rice was higher than that on green common rice. The larval and pupae survival rates of C. medinalis fed with purple rice and yellow rice were significantly higher than those of common rice. The colorful rice had no significant effect on the developmental duration, pupal weight and sex ratio of C. medinalis. The parasitic selectivity of different Trichogramma species to the eggs of C. medinalis on different rice varieties was different. T. chilonis preferred to parasitize the C. medinalis eggs laid on purple rice, and had the lowest parasitic selectivity on yellow rice, but the parasitic rate had no significant difference. However, T. japonicum preferred to parasitize the eggs laid on green common rice, and had the lowest selectivity of the eggs laid on purple rice. The parasitic rate of T. japonicum on the eggs of common rice was 4.3 times higher than that of purple rice and 2.1 times higher than that of yellow rice when three kinds of rice existed at the same time. The rate of rolled leaf caused by C. medinalis and the larva density in colorful rice field were significantly higher than those in common rice field. The rate of rolled leaf in purple rice area was the highest (15.3%), which was 10.9 times of that of common rice and 3 times of that of yellow rice. The residual rate of C. medinalis in purple rice and yellow rice was 4.5% and 3.3%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of common rice (1.1%). When purple rice was used to write Chinese characters in paddy field, the rate of rolled leaf in purple rice was above 6%, which was significantly higher than that in common rice field (below 4%). 【Conclusion】Compared with common rice, colorful rice is easier to attract C. medinalis, and the ecological fitness of C. medinalis on colorful rice is higher than that of common rice, while T. japonicum has the lowest selectivity to C. medinalis eggs on purple rice. It is unfavorable to biological control of C. medinalis on purple rice. The negative ecological effects should be fully considered when using colorful rice to paint the creative agricultural paddy fields, and corresponding control strategies should be worked out.

Key words: ornamental rice, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, oviposition preference, ecological fitness, parasitic preference

ZHENG XuSong,TIAN JunCe,HOU JianJun,LÜ ZhongXian. Effects of Colorful Rice on the Degree of Occurrence and Damage by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Parasitic Behavior of Its Egg Parasitoids[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(22): 4288-4296.

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References 30

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观察项目 Observing item	虫态 Insect stage	紫色稻 Purple rice	黄色稻 Yellow rice	常规稻 Common rice	单因素方差分析 One-way ANOVA
存活率 Survival rate (%)
	幼虫 Larval stage	34.2±1.3a	30.9±1.2a	26.8±1.1b	F=5.559, P=0.043
	蛹 Pupal stage	86.2±2.2a	83.4±1.8a	75.0±1.7b	F=23.25, P<0.001
发育历期 Developmental duration (d)
	幼虫 Larval stage	15.2±0.8a	15.4±0.9a	15.7±0.7a	F=0.276, P=0.768
	蛹 Pupal stage	5.9±0.2a	5.8±0.2a	6.1±0.3a	F=0.656, P=0.552
蛹重 Pupal weight (mg)		20.2±0.9b	22.8±1.2a	20.7±0.9ab	F=5.733, P=0.410
性比 Sex ratio (♀/♂)		1.2±0.1a	1.1±0.2a	1.0±0.2a	F=0.899, P=0.456

水稻品种 Rice variety	稻纵卷叶螟总卵量 Total number of C. medinalis eggs	被寄生卵数量 The number of parasitized eggs	寄生率 Parasitic rate (%)
紫色稻 Purple rice	55.4±3.6a	29.4±1.9a	52.9±1.3a
常规稻 Common rice	49.4±2.6a	20.9±2.6b	42.8±5.8a
	t=1.430, P=0.226	t=3.188, P=0.033	t=1.708, P=0.163
黄色稻 Yellow rice	51.8±3.8a	14.5±1.3b	27.9±0.5a
常规稻 Common rice	51.0±2.7a	21.9±2.4a	43.3±6.5a
	t=0.117, P=0.913	t=2.961, P=0.042	t=2.369, P=0.077
紫色稻 Purple rice	51.2±2.9a	19.8±1.9a	38.9±4.3a
黄色稻 Yellow rice	46.7±4.9a	11.3±1.2b	25.3±5.5a
常规稻 Common rice	47.0±1.9a	16.8±1.4a	36.2±3.1a
	F=0.518, P=0.620	F=8.168, P=0.019	F=2.280, P=0.183

水稻品种 Rice variety	稻纵卷叶螟总卵量 Total number of C. medinalis eggs	被寄生卵数量 The number of parasitized eggs	寄生率 Parasitic rate (%)
紫色稻 Purple rice	54.9±3.1a	4.4±1.3b	7.9±1.1b
常规稻 Common rice	48.0±3.3a	13.2±1.3a	27.3±1.5a
	t=1.491, P=0.210	t=4.970, P=0.008	t=10.604, P<0.001
黄色稻 Yellow rice	49.6±3.3a	8.1±2.2b	16.8±3.5b
常规稻 Common rice	43.9±2.8a	14.6±2.8a	33.8±5.4a
	t=0.132, P=0.257	t=3.078, P=0.037	t=2.674, P=0.046
紫色稻 Purple rice	47.6±5.1a	3.4±1.2c	7.1±1.0c
黄色稻 Yellow rice	52.4±5.3a	7.8±2.0b	14.9±1.9b
常规稻 Common rice	50.5±3.6a	15.5±1.6a	30.6±0.5a
	F=0.757, P=0.509	F=41.010, P<0.001	F=86.518, P<0.001

Effects of Colorful Rice on the Degree of Occurrence and Damage by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Parasitic Behavior of Its Egg Parasitoids

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