Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (22): 4288-4296.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.22.007

• PLANT PROTECTION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Colorful Rice on the Degree of Occurrence and Damage by Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Parasitic Behavior of Its Egg Parasitoids

ZHENG XuSong1,2(),TIAN JunCe1,HOU JianJun3,LÜ ZhongXian1()   

  1. 1 Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/China National Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou 310021
    2 Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021
    3 Anji Plant Protection Station, Anji 313300, Zhejiang
  • Received:2018-04-28 Accepted:2018-08-07 Online:2018-11-16 Published:2018-11-16

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Abstract:

【Objective】The application of colorful rice in field painting is an important part of creative agriculture, but it may affect the occurrence and damage of the main pests in paddy field. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of colorful rice on Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and its egg parasitic wasps, and to provide a theoretical basis for the control of C. medinalis in creative agriculture.【Method】The biological characteristics of C. medinalis in purple rice, yellow rice and common rice (control) were compared, including the developmental duration of larval and pupal stage, survival rate of larvae and pupae, pupal weight and sex ratio. The oviposition selectivity of C. medinalis, and parasitic selectivity of its important egg parasitoids (Trichogramma chilonis and Trichogramma japonicum) between colorful rice and common rice were also compared. The occurrence of C. medinalis in colorful rice paddy field and creative field painting with purple rice was investigated as well.【Result】The results of laboratory test showed that C. medinalis preferred to lay eggs on colorful rice, and the percentage of egg laying on colorful rice was more than 60%, which was significantly higher than that of green common rice. The ecological fitness of C. medinalis on colorful rice was higher than that on green common rice. The larval and pupae survival rates of C. medinalis fed with purple rice and yellow rice were significantly higher than those of common rice. The colorful rice had no significant effect on the developmental duration, pupal weight and sex ratio of C. medinalis. The parasitic selectivity of different Trichogramma species to the eggs of C. medinalis on different rice varieties was different. T. chilonis preferred to parasitize the C. medinalis eggs laid on purple rice, and had the lowest parasitic selectivity on yellow rice, but the parasitic rate had no significant difference. However, T. japonicum preferred to parasitize the eggs laid on green common rice, and had the lowest selectivity of the eggs laid on purple rice. The parasitic rate of T. japonicum on the eggs of common rice was 4.3 times higher than that of purple rice and 2.1 times higher than that of yellow rice when three kinds of rice existed at the same time. The rate of rolled leaf caused by C. medinalis and the larva density in colorful rice field were significantly higher than those in common rice field. The rate of rolled leaf in purple rice area was the highest (15.3%), which was 10.9 times of that of common rice and 3 times of that of yellow rice. The residual rate of C. medinalis in purple rice and yellow rice was 4.5% and 3.3%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of common rice (1.1%). When purple rice was used to write Chinese characters in paddy field, the rate of rolled leaf in purple rice was above 6%, which was significantly higher than that in common rice field (below 4%). 【Conclusion】Compared with common rice, colorful rice is easier to attract C. medinalis, and the ecological fitness of C. medinalis on colorful rice is higher than that of common rice, while T. japonicum has the lowest selectivity to C. medinalis eggs on purple rice. It is unfavorable to biological control of C. medinalis on purple rice. The negative ecological effects should be fully considered when using colorful rice to paint the creative agricultural paddy fields, and corresponding control strategies should be worked out.

Key words: ornamental rice, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, oviposition preference, ecological fitness, parasitic preference

Table 1

Effect of colorful rice on life table parameters of C. medinalis"

观察项目
Observing item		 虫态
Insect stage		 紫色稻
Purple rice		 黄色稻
Yellow rice		 常规稻
Common rice		 单因素方差分析
One-way ANOVA
存活率 Survival rate (%)
幼虫 Larval stage 34.2±1.3a 30.9±1.2a 26.8±1.1b F=5.559, P=0.043
蛹 Pupal stage 86.2±2.2a 83.4±1.8a 75.0±1.7b F=23.25, P<0.001
发育历期 Developmental duration (d)
幼虫 Larval stage 15.2±0.8a 15.4±0.9a 15.7±0.7a F=0.276, P=0.768
蛹 Pupal stage 5.9±0.2a 5.8±0.2a 6.1±0.3a F=0.656, P=0.552
蛹重 Pupal weight (mg) 20.2±0.9b 22.8±1.2a 20.7±0.9ab F=5.733, P=0.410
性比 Sex ratio (♀/♂) 1.2±0.1a 1.1±0.2a 1.0±0.2a F=0.899, P=0.456

Fig. 1

Effect of colorful rice on oviposition selection of C. medinalis Different lowercases in Fig. A and Fig. B indicate significant difference at P<0.05 level by non-parametric test (two-related-samples test). Different lowercases in Fig. C indicate significant difference at P<0.05 level by non-parametric test (three-related-samples test)"

Table 2

Effect of colorful rice on the selection of T. chilonis on C. medinalis eggs"

水稻品种
Rice variety		 稻纵卷叶螟总卵量
Total number of C. medinalis eggs		 被寄生卵数量
The number of parasitized eggs		 寄生率
Parasitic rate (%)
紫色稻 Purple rice 55.4±3.6a 29.4±1.9a 52.9±1.3a
常规稻 Common rice 49.4±2.6a 20.9±2.6b 42.8±5.8a
t=1.430, P=0.226 t=3.188, P=0.033 t=1.708, P=0.163
黄色稻 Yellow rice 51.8±3.8a 14.5±1.3b 27.9±0.5a
常规稻 Common rice 51.0±2.7a 21.9±2.4a 43.3±6.5a
t=0.117, P=0.913 t=2.961, P=0.042 t=2.369, P=0.077
紫色稻 Purple rice 51.2±2.9a 19.8±1.9a 38.9±4.3a
黄色稻 Yellow rice 46.7±4.9a 11.3±1.2b 25.3±5.5a
常规稻 Common rice 47.0±1.9a 16.8±1.4a 36.2±3.1a
F=0.518, P=0.620 F=8.168, P=0.019 F=2.280, P=0.183

Table 3

Effect of colorful rice on the selection of T. japonicum on C. medinalis eggs"

水稻品种
Rice variety		 稻纵卷叶螟总卵量
Total number of C. medinalis eggs		 被寄生卵数量
The number of parasitized eggs		 寄生率
Parasitic rate (%)
紫色稻 Purple rice 54.9±3.1a 4.4±1.3b 7.9±1.1b
常规稻 Common rice 48.0±3.3a 13.2±1.3a 27.3±1.5a
t=1.491, P=0.210 t=4.970, P=0.008 t=10.604, P<0.001
黄色稻 Yellow rice 49.6±3.3a 8.1±2.2b 16.8±3.5b
常规稻 Common rice 43.9±2.8a 14.6±2.8a 33.8±5.4a
t=0.132, P=0.257 t=3.078, P=0.037 t=2.674, P=0.046
紫色稻 Purple rice 47.6±5.1a 3.4±1.2c 7.1±1.0c
黄色稻 Yellow rice 52.4±5.3a 7.8±2.0b 14.9±1.9b
常规稻 Common rice 50.5±3.6a 15.5±1.6a 30.6±0.5a
F=0.757, P=0.509 F=41.010, P<0.001 F=86.518, P<0.001

Fig. 2

Effect of colorful rice on occurrence of C. medinalis in the field Different lowercases in the figure indicate significant difference at P<0.05 level by Tukey test"

Fig. 3

Effect of colorful rice used in creative agriculture on occurrence of C. medinalis in the field Different lowercases in the figure indicate significant difference at P<0.05 level by t test"

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