黄淮海平原夏玉米一次性施肥肥料产品的筛选与产量效应

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.20.006

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of the experiment was to screen slow (controlled) release fertilizer products by using one-off fertilization for realizing the target of high, stable, sustainable yield of summer maize in Huang-Huai-Hai plain.【Method】Four sites in three maize big provinces (Shandong, Henan and Hebei) were selected as fixed position experiment sites of one-off fertilization on summer maize, ten varieties of slow (controlled) release fertilizer (CRF) as testing fertilizer, including CRFA, CRFB, CRFC, CRFD, CRFE, CRFF, CRFG, CRFH, CRFI, and CRFJ, were selected as testing fertilizers, and then effects of one-off fertilization of different slow (controlled) release fertilizer on yield of summer maize was researched.【Result】Maize yield between different experimental sites as well as different years were significantly different at 0.05 probability level (F=40.67, F=2.95), but maize yield between different fertilizer treatments had no significant difference. There was no significant difference between one-time application of CRF and OPT in the same year and the same region, so one-off fertilization could be achieved by one-time application of CRF. Yield sustainability of treatments about CRF was higher than that of OPT, and the range of SYI was 0.65-0.70. In addition to CRFE, yield stability of other treatments about CRF was higher than that of OPT, and the range of CV was 3.19%-7.32%. In the experiment site of Dezhou of Shandong province, average annual yield of summer maize had no significant difference between treatments about CRF and OPT. Average annual yield of summer maize under CRFC was the highest, which was 10734.06 kg·hm^-2. Yield sustainability of treatments about CRF was higher than that of OPT, of which SYI of CRFI, CRFD and CRFB was more than 0.70. Yield stability of treatments about CRF was higher than that of OPT, and the range of CV was 14.00%-21.77%. In this study, there was no obvious correlation between yield sustainability and yield of summer maize. In the experiment site of Dezhou of Shandong, the SYI and CV of maize yield had significantly negative correlation, and the more stable the yield, the more sustainable the yield.【Conclusion】The CRF used in this study all had the effect of increasing yield of summer maize. Considering the aspect of high yield, CRFC, CRFA and CRFB could realize one-off fertilization on summer maize in Huang-Huai-Hai plain. And CRFC, CRFJ, CRFB, and CRFI could realize one-off fertilization on summer maize in the experiment site of Dezhou of Shandong province. Considering the aspect of sustainable yield, CRFG, CRFD and CRFH were better fertilizers in Huang-Huai-Hai plain. And CRFI,CRFD and CRFB were better fertilizers in the experiment site of Dezhou of Shandong province. Considering the aspect of stable yield, CRFH, CRFB and CRFG were better fertilizers in Huang-Huai-Hai plain. And CRFI、CRFD and CRFB were better fertilizers in the experiment site of Dezhou of Shandong province.

Key words: one-off fertilization, slow (controlled) release fertilizer, summer maize, yield, stability, sustainability, Huang- Huai-Hai Plain

LiHua JIANG, DeShui TAN, ZiShuang LI, ZongXin LI, JianHua GUO, KeGang SUN, Ni LI, Yu XU, Yan YANG, Jing SHI, Mei WANG, ZhaoHui LIU. Fertilizer Product Screening and Yield Response About One-off Fertilization on Summer Maize in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(20): 3876-3886.

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试验地点 Experimental sites	土壤类型 Soil type	有机质 O.M (g·kg^-1)	全氮 Total N (g·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	pH
河北大河Dahe, Hebei	褐土Cinnamon soil	17.41	1.14	44.88	132.60	8.2
河南驻马店Zhumadian, Henan	砂姜黑土Shajiang black soil	9.40	0.11	11.20	63.40	6.4
山东德州Dezhou, Shandong	潮土 Fluvo-aquic soil	7.20	1.42	25.86	77.24	7.8
山东龙山Longshan, Shandong	棕壤Brown soil	10.60	1.10	7.90	41.30	7.8

试验地点 Experimental sites	玉米品种 Maize variety	OPT施肥量 Fertilizer amount (N-P₂O₅-K₂O kg·hm^-2)	缓（控）释肥肥料配比 Fertilizer ratio of slow (controlled) release fertilizer (%) N / N-P₂O₅-K₂O
大河 Dahe	郑单958 Zhengdan 958	150-90-120	CRFA:44.0 CRFB:29-5-6 CRFC:44.0 CRFD:44.8 CRFE:41.4 CRFF:24-10-14 CREG:26-6-8 CRFH:26-6-8
驻马店 Zhumadian	郑单958 Zhengdan 958	195-90-90	CRFA:43.0 CRFB:43.0 CRFC:44.5 CRFD:41.5 CRFE:44.0 CRFF:24-10-14 CREG:20-9-11 CRFH:26-6-8
德州 Dezhou	郑单958 Zhengdan 958 (2013, 2015-2016)	240-105-135 (2013,2015-2016)	CRFA:44.0 CRFB:29-5-6 CRFC:44.0 CRFD:44.8 CRFE:41.4 CRFF:24-10-14 CREG:26-6-8 CRFH:26-6-8 CRFI:24-10-6 CRF:J44.3 (2013-2014)
德州 Dezhou	鲁单818 Ludan 818 (2014)	240-120-150 (2014)	CRFA:44.0 CRFB:28-8-8 CRFC:44.0 CRFD:44.8 CRFE:41.4 CRFF:24-10-14 CREG:20-9-11 CRFH:26-6-8 CRFI:24-10-6 CRF:J44.3 (2015-2016)
龙山 Longshan	鲁单818 Ludan 818	240-120-150	CRFA:44.0 CRFB:29-5-6 CRFC:44.0 CRFD:44.8 CRFE:41.4 CRFF:24-10-14 CREG:26-6-8 CRFH:26-6-8

处理Treatment	OPT	CRFA	CRFB	CRFC	CRFD	CRFE	CRFF	CRFG	CRFH
SYI	0.65±0.05c	0.65±0.05c	0.68±0.03ab	0.66±0.04bc	0.69±0.05a	0.66±0.05bc	0.69±0.05ab	0.70±0.04a	0.69±0.02a
CV (%)	7.14±0.53a	6.59±0.43b	4.32±0.19e	6.08±0.37c	6.16±0.40c	7.32±0.55a	6.28±0.40c	5.69±0.34d	3.19±0.10f

处理 Treatment	OPT	CRFA	CRFB	CRFC	CRFD	CRFE	CRFF	CRFG	CRFH	CRFI	CRFJ
SYI	0.61±0.17 f	0.63±0.17 ef	0.70±0.13 abc	0.67±0.15 bcde	0.72±0.12 ab	0.66±0.16 cde	0.65±0.13 def	0.69±0.14 abcd	0.67±0.13 bcde	0.73±0.12 a	0.68±0.14 abcd
CV (%)	22.95±5.48 a	21.77±5.01 ab	15.74±2.54 ef	19.08±3.79 cd	14.60±2.23 f	20.54±4.27 bc	17.38±2.99 de	17.71±3.42 de	17.07±2.99 de	14.00±1.93 f	17.33±2.94 de

Fertilizer Product Screening and Yield Response About One-off Fertilization on Summer Maize in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

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