水稻粉质胚乳fse3突变体的表型分析及基因定位

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.11.001

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】Various types of embryo mutants and endosperm mutants in rice are excellent materials for dissecting embryo development and starch synthesis and regulation pathways. Through large scale screening and functional characterization of floury endosperm mutant with a embryo lethality phenotype, serials of genes involved in embryo development and starch biosynthesis and regulation will be obtained, which will provide the theoretical guidance for the improvement of rice quality.【Method】In this study, we obtained a stably inherited floury and shrunken endosperm mutant fse3 from japonica variety cv Ningjing 3 (NJ3), with a embryo-lethal phenotype. A hybrid F2 population of fse3 and 9311 was developed and the recessive individuals were selected to map the locus. The seeds were soaked in clear water at 30℃ for 24 h and then stained with TTC for 2 h at 35℃ in darkness to detect seed vigor. Observing the seed embryo structure which were swelled at 30℃ for 9 h with a stereo microscope. Separation of mature floury seeds from the heterozygous mutant plants, The physicochemical properties of mature grains which were grinded to brown rice flour after being peeled were analyzed. The structure of mature starch grains was observed by scanning electron microscope. Semi-thin sections were made to observe the starch grain structure of developing endosperm. The expression of starch synthesis related genes during grain filling was determined by qRT-PCR. Western-blot was used to detect the accumulation of proteins related to starch synthesis.【Result】The 1 000-grain weight, grain size, total starch content, and apparent amylose content in mature fse3 seeds were all decreased compared with wildtype, as well as the swelling power of starch. The starch viscosity curve also has significant difference with the wild type. The peak paste viscosity, the hot paste viscosity, the cool paste viscosity and the break down viscosity of the fse3 mutant are significantly higher than those of the wild type. TTC staining showed that the embryo vitality decreased and the mutant embryo can not differentiate. By observing the structure of developing endosperm, we found that a large number of small and irregular single starch granules were produced in the endosperm of fse3 mutant, and the development of compound starch granules was delayed. The cross section observation of mature seeds showed that the starch granules in the fse3 mutant were loosely packed, the size was not uniform, and there was a large gap between the particles. The FSE3 locus was first mapped to a region on the long arm of chromosome 9 with 22 recessive individuals, and then was narrowed down to a 228kb region which includes 28 open reading frames (ORFs) by using 1 400 recessive individuals. In the process of grain filling, several genes related to starch synthesis showed up-regulated and down-regulated in different degrees in the mutant. Immunoblotting showed that the protein accumulation of some amyloid synthase was reduced.【Conclusion】FSE3 is a novel floury endosperm and embryo lethality related gene, it was mapped to a 228 kb region on chromosome 9, which plays an important role in the regulation of embryo and endosperm development of rice seed.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa L.), endosperm mutants, starch synthesis, amyloplast development, fine mapping

YU YanFang, LIU Xi, TIAN YunLu, LIU ShiJia, CHEN LiangMing, ZHU JianPing, WANG YunLong, JIANG Ling, ZHANG WenWei, WANG YiHua, WAN JianMin. Phenotypic Analysis and Gene Mapping of a Floury and Shrunken Endosperm Mutant fse3 in Rice[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(11): 2023-2037.

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Phenotypic Analysis and Gene Mapping of a Floury and Shrunken Endosperm Mutant fse3 in Rice

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