橘小实蝇产卵抗/感非挥发性决策性状筛选及评价

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.19.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the non-volatile traits of peach fruit and the oviposition of Bactrocera dorsalis, determine the best indicator of the risk of injury and the range of resistance and susceptibility, and to clarify the classification correlation characteristics of the main indicators.【Method】Using 13 representative peach varieties with different physical, villus, mineral elements and physiological characteristics as test materials, 60 non-volatile decision-making traits of 4 types were determined, and the selection test of the oviposition of B. dorsalis was carried out in the laboratory. The correlation and cluster analysis of the different traits and the average larval number in the fruit were carried out to determine the best indicator of the risk of injury and the range of resistance and susceptibility, and the performance of other main indicators was evaluated.【Result】The average absolute value of the correlation coefficient between the 4 types of non-volatile decision-making traits and the average number of larvae was in the order of physiological indicators (0.21, 18 species)>fruit physics (0.19, 18 species)>villus indicators (0.18, 7 species)=mineral elements (0.18, 17 species). Simple correlation analysis showed that there were 17 indicators above the low correlation level. The absolute values of the correlation coefficient from large to small were magnesium (-0.57)>hardness (-0.53)>calcium (-0.52)>selenium (-0.48)>long/short of villus (-0.45)>density of long villus (-0.44)>shady facets-L* (0.43)>free amino acid (-0.41)>transverse diameter (0.38)>amylum (0.37)>salt (-0.35)>single fruit weight (0.33) = pH (0.33)>tannin (-0.32) = anthocyanin (-0.32) = fruit water content (0.32) = Synthesis-L* (0.32). Shady facets-L and magnesium content showed the maximum positive and negative correlation, respectively, the correlation coefficient of nitrogen and protein was 0. The three indicators of magnesium, hardness and calcium reached a significant correlation level, indicating that the medium elements and hardness had the greatest impact on the oviposition resistance of B. dorsalis. The comprehensive analysis showed that magnesium was the best indicator of peach fruit damage risk. According to the absolute value of magnesium content and the degree of fruit damage, cluster analysis method was used to determine those ≥1.50 g·kg^-1as low-risk damaged varieties, that was the high-resistance variety, ≤0.92 g·kg^-1was judged as high-risk victimized varieties, that was the susceptible variety, and the middle were neutral varieties.【Conclusion】The non-volatile trait of peach fruit affects the oviposition selectivity of B. dorsalis. Medium elements (magnesium, calcium) and hardness significantly affect the oviposition selection of B. dorsalis, and all show negative correlation. Magnesium was selected as the best indicator of peach fruit damage risk. There are differences in the effects of 14 low degree related decision-making traits such as selenium on oviposition preference, with 7 positive and 7 negative. The positive correlated traits are all physical indicators except for amylum and pH, while the negative correlated traits are mineral element (1), villus (2), and physiological (4) indicators. Based on the situation of fruit damage, individuals≥1.50 g·kg^-1were preliminarily classified as high resistance varieties; ≤0.92 g·kg^-1were susceptible varieties, while the middle were neutral varieties.

Key words: Bactrocera dorsalis, oviposition, non-volatile, resistant and susceptible trait, decision-making trait

GONG QingTao, LI Miao, GAO XiaoLan, ZHANG KunPeng, LI GuiXiang, DONG XiaoMin, LI SuHong, ZHANG AnNing. Screening and Evaluation of Non-Volatile Decision-Making Traits of Oviposition Resistance and Susceptibility of Bactrocera dorsalis[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(19): 3799-3813.

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Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1

Table 1

Correlation between fruit physical indexes and average larva number"

项目 Item		果实含水量 Fruit water content (%)	横径 Transverse diameter (cm)	纵径 Vertical diameter (cm)	纵/横 Vertical/ Transverse diameter	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	硬度 Hardness (kg·cm^-2)	向阳面 Sunny facets				背阴面 Shady facets				综合 Synthesis				平均幼虫数 Average larva number
项目 Item		果实含水量 Fruit water content (%)	横径 Transverse diameter (cm)	纵径 Vertical diameter (cm)	纵/横 Vertical/ Transverse diameter	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	硬度 Hardness (kg·cm^-2)	L*	a*	b*	a/b	L*	a*	b*	a/b	L*	a*	b*	a/b	平均幼虫数 Average larva number
果实含水量 Fruit water content (%)		1.00
横径 Transverse diameter (cm)		0.37	1.00
纵径 Vertical diameter (cm)		0.34	0.62*	1.00
纵/横 Vertical/Transverse diameter		0.07	-0.22	0.63*	1.00
单果重 Single fruit weight (g)		0.36	0.89**	0.86**	0.20	1.00
硬度 Hardness (kg·cm^-2)		-0.49	-0.33	-0.19	0.11	-0.21	1.00
向阳面 Sunny facets	L*	-0.20	-0.21	-0.13	0.04	-0.26	0.27	1.00
	a*	0.37	0.62*	0.63*	0.16	0.67*	-0.53*	-0.77*	1.00
	b*	-0.40	-0.27	-0.39	-0.23	-0.39	0.30	0.80**	-0.75*	1.00
	a/b	0.32	0.46	0.58*	0.26	0.58*	-0.39	-0.86**	0.96**	-0.83**	1.00
背阴面 Shady facets	L*	-0.19	0.09	0.15	0.10	0.04	0.14	0.83**	-0.44	0.53*	-0.61*	1.00
	a*	0.42	0.51*	0.60*	0.23	0.60*	-0.51*	-0.74*	0.91**	-0.68*	0.93**	-0.59*	1.00
	b*	-0.40	-0.11	-0.34	-0.31	-0.29	0.28	0.74*	-0.64*	0.97**	-0.75*	0.54*	-0.62*	1.00
	a/b	0.46	0.46	0.54*	0.22	0.57*	-0.41	-0.78*	0.85**	-0.72*	0.92**	-0.70*	0.97**	-0.69*	1.00
综合 Synthesis	L*	-0.21	-0.08	-0.01	0.07	-0.13	0.22	0.97**	-0.66*	0.72*	-0.78*	0.94**	-0.70*	0.68*	-0.78*	1.00
	a*	0.40	0.58*	0.63*	0.20	0.65*	-0.53*	-0.77**	0.98**	-0.73*	0.97**	-0.52*	0.97**	-0.64*	0.93**	-0.69*	1.00
	b*	-0.40	-0.20	-0.37	-0.27	-0.34	0.29	0.78*	-0.70*	0.99**	-0.80**	0.54*	-0.65*	0.99**	-0.71*	0.71*	-0.70*	1.00
	a/b	0.40	0.48	0.58*	0.24	0.60*	-0.41	-0.83**	0.93**	-0.80**	0.98**	-0.66*	0.97**	-0.74*	0.98**	-0.79*	0.97*	-0.77*	1.00
平均幼虫数 Average larva number		0.32	0.38	0.23	-0.10	0.33	-0.53*	0.22	0.05	0.04	-0.12	0.43	-0.03	0.05	-0.10	0.32	0.01	0.05	-0.10	1.00

Table 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 2

Table 3

Correlation between mineral element indexes and average larva number"

项目 Item	氮 Nitrogen (%)	磷 Phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	钾 Kalium (%)	硅 Silicon (g·kg^-1)	钙 Calcium (%)	镁 Magnesium (g·kg^-1)	硫 Sulfur (g·kg^-1)	钠 Natrium (g·kg^-1)	铁 Ferrum (mg·kg^-1)	锰 Manganese (mg·kg^-1)	铜 Cuprum (mg·kg^-1)	锌 Zinc (mg·kg^-1)	硼 Boron (mg·kg^-1)	钼 Molybdenum (mg·kg^-1)	镍 Nickle (mg·kg^-1)	氯 Chlorine (%)	硒 Selenium (mg·kg^-1)	平均幼虫数 Average larva number
氮Nitrogen (%)	1.00
磷Phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	0.72*	1.00
钾Kalium (%)	0.56*	0.50*	1.00
硅Silicon (g·kg^-1)	0.25	-0.01	0.22	1.00
钙Calcium (%)	-0.05	-0.05	0.02	-0.10	1.00
镁Magnesium (g·kg^-1)	0.12	0.17	0.31	0.21	0.64*	1.00
硫Sulfur (g·kg^-1)	0.22	-0.13	0.21	0.47	0.04	0.28	1.00
钠Natrium (g·kg^-1)	-0.14	-0.33	-0.06	0.04	0.26	0.28	0.47	1.00
铁Ferrum (mg·kg^-1)	0.51*	0.43	0.50*	0.01	0.22	0.28	0.05	-0.13	1.00
锰Manganese (mg·kg^-1)	0.67*	0.42	0.72*	0.24	0.18	0.26	0.22	-0.01	0.82**	1.00
铜Cuprum (mg·kg^-1)	0.13	0.31	0.13	0.01	-0.47	-0.02	-0.17	-0.59*	-0.03	-0.21	1.00
锌Zinc (mg·kg^-1)	0.80**	0.48	0.54*	0.39	0.04	0.11	0.33	-0.07	0.79**	0.89**	-0.14	1.00
硼Boron (mg·kg^-1)	0.46	0.15	0.36	0.03	0.30	0.14	0.02	-0.12	0.88**	0.83**	-0.27	0.78**	1.00
钼Molybdenum (mg·kg^-1)	0.58*	0.15	0.25	0.19	0.17	-0.03	0.13	-0.34	0.70*	0.66*	-0.05	0.79*	0.86**	1.00
镍Nickle (mg·kg^-1)	0.10	-0.04	-0.04	-0.36	0.08	0.03	0.17	0.47	0.41	0.12	-0.09	0.13	0.30	0.11	1.00
氯Chlorine (%)	0.49	0.42	0.15	0.16	0.01	-0.18	0.09	-0.69*	0.30	0.26	0.36	0.44	0.30	0.63*	-0.15	1.00
硒Selenium (mg·kg^-1)	-0.43	0.07	-0.09	-0.19	0.38	0.55*	-0.10	-0.12	0.14	-0.08	0.19	-0.28	-0.08	-0.27	-0.11	-0.06	1.00
平均幼虫数 Average larva number	0	-0.07	0.05	-0.02	-0.52*	-0.57*	-0.14	-0.29	0.11	-0.06	0.05	0.14	0.13	0.24	0.03	0.08	-0.48	1.00

Table 3

Table 4

Correlation between fruit physiological indexes and average larva number"

项目 Item		可溶性固形物 Soluble solid (%)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)	可滴定酸 Titratable acid (%)	糖/酸 Sugar/ acid	盐 Salt (%)	淀粉 Amylum (%)	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (mg·g^-1)	蛋白质 Protein (%)	脂肪 Lipid (%)	Vc (mg·100 g^-1)	单宁 Tannin (g·kg^-1)	pH	脂溶性色素 Fat-soluble pigment				水溶性色素Water-soluble pigment		平均幼虫数Average larva number
项目 Item		可溶性固形物 Soluble solid (%)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)	可滴定酸 Titratable acid (%)	糖/酸 Sugar/ acid	盐 Salt (%)	淀粉 Amylum (%)	游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (mg·g^-1)	蛋白质 Protein (%)	脂肪 Lipid (%)	Vc (mg·100 g^-1)	单宁 Tannin (g·kg^-1)	pH	胡萝卜Carotene (mg·kg^-1)	叶黄素Lutein (mg·kg^-1)	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·kg^-1)	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·kg^-1)	类黄酮Flavonoid (mg·g^-1)	花青素Anthocyanin (nmol·g^-1)	平均幼虫数Average larva number
可溶性固形物 Soluble solid (%)		1.00
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)		0.18	1.00
可滴定酸 Titratable acid (%)		0.17	-0.61	1.00
糖/酸Sugar/acid		0.15	0.91	-0.83	1.00
盐Salt (%)		0.47	-0.54	0.46	-0.50	1.00
淀粉Amylum (%)		0.03	0.30	-0.20	0.16	-0.06	1.00
游离氨基酸 Free amino acid (mg·g^-1)		0.29	-0.22	0.48	-0.34	0.58	-0.01	1.00
蛋白质Protein (%)		0.09	-0.51	0.61	-0.69	0.45	0.34	0.46	1.00
脂肪Lipid (%)		0.12	0.01	0.28	-0.16	0.36	0.06	0.50	0.40	1.00
Vc (mg·100 g^-1)		-0.05	-0.17	0.32	-0.25	0.19	-0.13	0.17	0.08	0.50	1.00
单宁Tannin (g·kg^-1)		0.59	-0.44	0.60	-0.41	0.78	-0.25	0.65	0.29	0.24	0.16	1.00
pH		-0.17	-0.04	-0.57	0.17	0.04	0.36	-0.28	0.17	-0.24	-0.44	-0.30	1.00
脂溶性色素 Fat- soluble pigment	胡萝卜素 Carotene (mg·kg^-1)	0.02	-0.16	0.31	-0.26	0.15	-0.11	0.33	0.46	0.28	0.51	0.05	-0.06	1.00
	叶黄素 Lutein (mg·kg^-1)	0.08	-0.18	0.29	-0.26	0.23	-0.04	0.35	0.50	0.32	0.48	0.09	0.01	0.99	1.00
	叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg·kg^-1)	0.16	-0.47	0.35	-0.42	0.53	-0.43	0.38	0.45	0.23	-0.04	0.55	0.21	0.25	0.25	1.00
	叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg·kg^-1)	-0.39	0.09	-0.30	0.13	-0.32	-0.21	-0.33	-0.60	-0.38	0	-0.49	-0.20	-0.32	-0.37	-0.54	1.00
水溶性色素 Water- soluble pigment	类黄酮 Flavonoid (mg·g^-1)	0.37	-0.50	0.41	-0.42	0.76	-0.20	0.52	0.49	0.38	0.15	0.81	0.14	0.23	0.29	0.82	-0.70	1.00
水溶性色素 Water- soluble pigment	花青素 Anthocyanin (nmol·g^-1)	0.24	-0.56	0.63	-0.58	0.67	-0.37	0.58	0.49	0.21	0.38	0.67	-0.14	0.67	0.67	0.70	-0.41	0.73	1.00
平均幼虫数 Average larva number		-0.25	-0.03	-0.29	0.05	-0.35	0.37	-0.41	0	-0.23	0.21	-0.32	0.33	-0.12	-0.16	-0.18	-0.01	-0.18	-0.32	1.00

Table 4

Fig. 4

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Screening and Evaluation of Non-Volatile Decision-Making Traits of Oviposition Resistance and Susceptibility of Bactrocera dorsalis

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项目 Item	绒毛长度 Villus length (μm)	绒毛粗度 Villus coarseness (μm)	绒毛角度 Villus angle (°)	绒毛密度 Villus density (根/μm²)	长绒毛密度 Long-villus density (根/μm²)	短绒毛密度 Short-villus density (根/μm²)	长短数比 Long/short	平均幼虫数 Average larva number
绒毛长度Villus length (μm)	1.00
绒毛粗度Villus coarseness (μm)	-0.47	1.00
绒毛角度Villus angle (°)	0.19	0.24	1.00
绒毛密度Villus density (根/μm²)	0.47	0.01	0.91**	1.00
长绒毛密度Long-villus density (根/μm²)	0.80**	-0.60*	0.20	0.55*	1.00
短绒毛密度Short-villus density (根/μm²)	0.28	0.20	0.98**	0.96**	0.31	1.00
长短数比Long/short	0.77**	-0.70**	0.04	0.40	0.98**	0.14	1.00
平均幼虫数Average larva number	0.03	-0.03	0.18	-0.01	-0.44	0.13	-0.45	1.00

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