Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 526-536.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.03.011

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Canal Well Water Ratios on Root Layer Soil Desalination and Groundwater Hydrochemical Characteristics

LI Ping1,2, Magzum Nurolla1, LIANG ZhiJie2, HUANG ZhongDong3, QI XueBin1, 3   

  1. 1Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan; 2Agriculture Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Research Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan;  3Key Laboratory of High-efficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources of Chinese Academy of Agricultural  Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan
  • Received:2016-07-19 Online:2017-02-01 Published:2017-02-01

Abstract:

【Objective】The effects of water utilization patterns on root soil desalination and groundwater hydrochemical characteristics were studied in well-canal combined irrigation areas in North China. 【Method】A representative area was selected in the Renmin Shengli Canal District from 2013 to 2015. Precipitation of the area, surface irrigation amount, groundwater irrigation amount, canal well water ratio (ratio of surface to groundwater irrigation amount, CWWR), salinity in 0-100 cm soil layer and groundwater total dissolved solids were analyzed for different irrigation patterns. 【Result】CWWR of 1st, 2nd, 3rd branch canals was between 0.72 and 1.03, 2.50 and 2.63, 0.65 and 1.26 in 2013 to 2015, respectively. Soil saline contents of 0-100 cm layer under water utilization patterns were high in topsoil and lower layers, but low in middle layers. Salt accumulation occurred especially in the 0-20 cm soil layer. The ratio of the area with soil salinity greater than 0.32 mS·cm-1 to 1st branch canal irrigation areas was 60.38%, 25.99% and 41.16% in 2013 to 2015, for 2nd branch canal, was 59.61%, 0.94% and 8.81%, for 3rd branch canal, was 84.40%, 41.87% and 52.49%, respectively. The area with topsoil salinity greater than 0.32 mS·cm-1of branch canals irrigated area was negatively correlated with CWWR, that is to say, the larger CWWR, the less areas with topsoil salinity greater than 0.32 mS·cm-1 of irrigation areas. Salt accumulation in topsoil was suppressed under the water utilization pattern of larger CWWR. Compared with 2013, desalination rate in 0-20 cm layer was between 15.61% and 25.85% in 2014, and between 13.33% and 23.15% in 2015. According to the desalination rate in 0-100 cm layer from 2013 to 2015, it was found that the desalination rate of root layers was improved under larger CWWR. Hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater was obvious alkaline because cation changed from Ca2+/Na+ type in dry period to Na+/Ca2+ type in normal period. Specifically increase of total soluble solid of 2nd branch canal irrigation area was higher than that of 1st and 3rd branch canal irrigation areas by 1.23-fold and 3.48-fold in normal period, respectively. Compared to sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in dry period in 2014, SAR of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd branch canal irrigation areas in 2015 decreased by 23.58%, 36.82%, and 55.47%, respectively. Furthermore, SAR of groundwater was lower than 18 in 2015.【Conclusion】Larger ratio of surface water to groundwater irrigation amount would promote desalination of soil root layer, suppress salt accumulation in topsoil, and furthermore alleviate alkaline trend of groundwater in short term.

Key words: canal well water ratio, soil salinity, desalinization rate, hydrochemical characteristics, sodium adsorption ratio, well-canal combined irrigation district

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