Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1532-1544.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.08.009

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Growth Promotion Potential and Distribution Features of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Field Environments

 SUN  Jian-Guang, HU  Hai-Yan, LIU  Jun, CHEN  Qian, GAO  Miao, XU  Jing, ZHOU  Yi-Qing   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室，北京 100081
  • Received:2011-05-13 Online:2012-04-15 Published:2011-08-09

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this experiment is to determine the dominant species and phylogenetic position of nitrogen fixing bacteria in crop rhizosphere and field environments, and to screen for nitrogen-fixing bacteria with growth promotion potential. 【Method】Nitrogen-free medium was used to culture nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nitrogenase activity was determined with acetylene reduction assay. Confrontation method was used to test antagonistic bacteria against plant pathogenic fungus. ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) nitrogen source was used to test ACC deaminase. 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR and 16S rDNA sequence was analysed with MEGA software. 【Result】 Nitrogenase activity of the 94 tested strains ranged from 0.99 to 180.59 nmol C2H4/h•mg protein. Fourty-two strains accounting for 44.7% of the tested strains showed nitrogenase activity above 10 nmol C2H4/h•mg protein. Paenibacillus and Bacillus were main groups, and their percentages were 33.0% and 26.6% of the tested strains, respectively. Six strains accounting for 6.4% of the tested strains showed antagonistic actions against plant pathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Gibberella zeae and Verticillium dahliae with the inhibitory rate from 23.9% to 65.9%. Twenty strains accounting for 21.3% of the tested strains produced ACC deaminase with activity ranging 0.33 to 21.98 µmol α-ketobutyric acid/h•mg protein, which were identified as Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Rhizobium, and extensively distributed in crop rhizosphere and field environments.【Conclusion】The dominant species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in crop rhizosphere and field environments belong to the genus Paenibacillus and Bacillus. Most of the nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains possess strong potential for nitrogen fixation, part of them possess potential for growth promotion, and a few of them possess potential for disease resistance. The potential strains belong to Paenibacillus, Bacillus and Rhizobium, and extensively colonized in crops with no specificity.

Key words: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrogenase, pathogenic fungus resistance, ACC deaminase, 16S rDNA

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