ABC转运蛋白OsARG1调控水稻抽穗期的功能

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】抽穗期是影响水稻产量和品质的重要农艺性状。水稻抽穗期受组蛋白修饰酶、转录因子、蛋白激酶、成花素及光敏色素等的调控。ABC转运蛋白在底物运输过程中发挥重要作用，但其在抽穗期调控中的功能尚不清楚。研究水稻ABC转运蛋白OsARG1在抽穗期调控中的功能，可为丰富抽穗期调控网络提供依据。【方法】以日本晴（野生型）和osarg1突变体为试验材料，对抽穗期、株高、分蘖数、穗长等农艺性状进行调查统计。测定日本晴叶片（WT），以及osarg1突变体的白化叶（WL）、黄绿叶（YL）和绿色叶（GL）中的叶绿素含量；通过ICP-MS测定上述材料中钴、镍、钙、镁、铁等金属元素的含量。对日本晴及osarg1的WL和GL进行激素含量测定和转录组测序分析；通过激素-转录组联合分析进一步研究OsARG1调控水稻抽穗期的作用机理。【结果】osarg1在贵阳和长春的抽穗期均提前，株高、分蘖数和穗长等农艺性状指标均低于野生型。叶绿素含量测定结果表明，YL和WL中的叶绿素含量显著低于野生型；金属元素含量测定发现osarg1的WL、YL和GL中的金属元素平衡均受到破坏。激素含量测定结果显示，YL和WL中的赤霉素、部分生长素类激素和细胞分裂素类激素的含量上调，且在WL中的上调幅度更大。转录组测序数据显示，GL_vs_WT和WL_vs_WT 2个组别分别鉴定出2 001和6 555个差异表达基因（DEGs）。经转录组数据分析，GL中20多个抽穗期相关基因的表达发生变化，包括甲基转移酶基因、成花素Hd3a和成花转变相关基因OsMADS14等。对GL_vs_WT的DEGs进行GO和KEGG富集分析，结果显示，DEGs在代谢过程、生长发育及对环境的响应等通路中富集。激素含量和转录组联合分析结果表明，OsARG1可能通过影响二萜合成途径、玉米素合成途径和激素信号传导调控赤霉素和细胞分裂素的含量。qRT-PCR结果显示，所选基因的表达变化趋势与转录组数据一致，证实转录组数据的准确性。【结论】osarg1的抽穗期提前，OsARG1可能通过影响抽穗期相关基因的表达，调控水稻抽穗期。同时，OsARG1还参与调控叶片中的叶绿素含量及镍、铁、镁等多种元素的含量。

关键词: 水稻, 抽穗期, OsARG1, 金属元素含量, 植物激素, 转录组测序

Abstract:

【Objective】Heading date is a critical agronomic trait influencing rice yield and quality, regulated by complex networks involving histone-modifying enzymes, transcription factors, protein kinases, florigens, and phytochromes. While ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are known for their roles in substrate transport, their functions in heading date regulation remain unclear. This study investigates the role of the ABC transporter gene OsARG1 in the regulation of rice heading date, which will provide evidence for enriching the heading date regulation network.【Method】A comparative analysis was conducted between wild-type Nipponbare and the osarg1 mutant. Key agronomic traits, including heading date, plant height, tiller number, and panicle length, were assessed. Chlorophyll contents in leaf of Nipponbare (WT), albino leaf (WL), yellow-green leaf (YL) and green leaf (GL) of osarg1 were measured. Metal element contents such as cobalt, nickel, calcium, magnesium and iron in WT, WL, YL and GL were determined by ICP-MS. Hormone profiling, transcriptome sequencing, and integrative analysis were performed on WT, WL and GL to explore the regulatory function of OsARG1.【Result】The osarg1 mutant exhibited an earlier heading date than wild-type in both Guiyang and Changchun. It also showed reduced plant height, tiller number, and panicle length. Chlorophyll levels in WL and YL were significantly lower, accompanied by disrupted metal element homeostasis. Hormonal analysis revealed elevated levels of gibberellins, auxin-related, and cytokinin-related hormones in GL and WL, particularly in WL. Transcriptome analysis identified 2 001 and 6 555 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GL_vs_WT and WL_vs_WT comparisons, respectively. Over 20 heading date-associated genes, including Hd3a, OsMADS14, and chromatin methyltransferase genes, were differentially expressed. GO and KEGG analyses of DEGs from GL vs WT comparison highlighted enrichment in pathways related to metabolism, development, and environmental responses. Integrated transcriptomic and hormonal analysis suggested that OsARG1 may influence gibberellin and cytokinin levels by modulating diterpene and zeatin metabolism and hormone signaling pathways. Expression levels of the selected genes by qRT-PCR were consistent with the transcriptome data, validating the transcriptomic findings. 【Conclusion】The osarg1 mutant heads earlier than the wild-type, with OsARG1 likely regulating heading date through modulating the expression of heading date related genes. Additionally, OsARG1 plays roles in maintaining chlorophyll content and metal element (such as nickel, iron, and magnesium) balance in rice leaves.

Key words: rice, heading date, OsARG1, metal element content, phytohormone, transcriptome sequencing

王忠妮, 雷月, 李佳丽, 宫彦龙, 朱速松. ABC转运蛋白OsARG1调控水稻抽穗期的功能[J]. 中国农业科学, 2026, 59(1): 1-16.

WANG ZhongNi, LEI Yue, LI JiaLi, GONG YanLong, ZHU SuSong. Functions of ABC Transporter OsARG1 in Rice Heading Date Regulation[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026, 59(1): 1-16.

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链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.01.001

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2026/V59/I1/1

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类别 Classification	基因 Gene	基因ID Gene ID	正向引物 Forward primer (5′-3′)	反向引物 Reverse primer (5′-3′)
抽穗期相关基因 Heading date related genes	Hd3a	LOC4340185	AGCCCAAGTGACCCTAACCT	GTTGTAGAGCTCGGCGAAGT
抽穗期相关基因 Heading date related genes	OsMADS14	LOC4334140	TGAAGCGGATCGAGAACA	CATGAGTCGGTGGCGTAC
激素信号相关基因 Hormone signaling related genes	OsEBF2	LOC4328647	TGGCATCAGCAAAGCACC	ATGTCGCACCACCAGAGC
激素信号相关基因 Hormone signaling related genes	GID1	LOC4338764	GCCCATCCTTGAGTTCCTGAC	ACACCACGACGCCCTTGCTC
激素代谢相关基因 Hormone metabolism related genes	OsIPT7	LOC4339535	GCGAGGATACGAGGATGGTGG	CAGCGTCCACCATGTCGTCC
	ZEATIN	LOC4336630	CGCACCCGATGTTCAAAGA	GCCGAATGACACGTAGAGGA
	CPS4	LOC4335090	TCCAACCCATCCTCTGTCA	GGCCCACTTGTCCTTCATT
	GA20ox	LOC4336431	AGCAGGCAAGGCTGTTCCG	GTGAGGTCTCCAAAGTCGCAAT
内参基因 Internal reference gene	ACTIN1	LOC4333919	TGCTATGTACGTCGCCATCCAG	AATGAGTAACCACGCTCCGTCA

名称 Name	株高 PH (cm)	分蘖数 TN	穗长 PL (cm)	穗粒数 SPP	结实率 SR (%)	千粒重 TGW (g)	粒长 SL (mm)	粒宽 SW (mm)
WT	73.8±3.2	11.7±2.4	17.8±1.2	85.7±17.2	94.3±4.3	25.5±0.6	7.6±0.2	3.7±0.1
osarg1	40.0±4.0	5.4±1.7	11.3±1.6	27.3±5.5	70.9±1.7	20.6±0.1	7.2±0.1	3.2±0.1

名称Name	Na	Mg	K	Ca	Mn	Fe	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	As	Se	Rb	Sr	Pb
野生型WT	68.70	266.41	4020.38	3.75	166.21	227.17	0.06	0.11	3.75	11.58	0.14	0.24	0.73	6.84	0.17
白化叶WL	86.08	499.72	8058.26	3.16	162.70	73.35	0.07	-	3.16	12.81	6.44	0.18	3.13	3.97	0.31
黄绿叶YL	40.76	305.40	4155.11	1.74	231.35	129.06	0.04	0.03	1.74	7.33	0.11	0.14	1.34	6.91	0.17
绿色叶GL	165.38	769.00	3892.28	5.13	711.47	219.34	0.08	0.49	5.13	10.28	0.61	0.23	0.94	27.47	0.62

激素 Hormone	名称 Name	激素含量 Hormone contents
激素 Hormone	名称 Name	野生型 WT1	野生型 WT2	野生型 WT3	白化叶 WL1	白化叶 WL2	白化叶 WL3	绿色叶 GL1	绿色叶 GL2	绿色叶 GL3
赤霉素 Gibberellin	GA3	0.00	0.00	0.00	20.53	20.82	19.57	10.48	10.40	9.82
赤霉素 Gibberellin	GA1	14.53	21.81	19.69	112.36	112.36	98.82	26.55	29.56	30.92
生长素 Auxin	ICA	18.41	22.11	26.29	138.08	106.76	147.49	57.25	37.83	40.56
	MEIAA	0.00	0.00	0.00	31.02	33.18	33.39	5.15	4.16	7.01
	3-IPA	0.00	0.00	0.00	142.97	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
	tIAA	5.43	5.92	4.34	16.12	17.40	17.68	4.92	5.08	6.55
	IAA	43.50	50.14	52.72	437.59	399.94	434.50	60.11	53.33	58.79
细胞分裂素 Cytokinin	IP	0.00	0.00	0.00	4.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
	cZ	109.15	92.10	86.79	334.13	288.51	251.73	9.88	9.87	11.77
	Dx	120.69	124.34	118.61	112.59	97.99	103.45	212.56	183.52	190.03
	Dh-Z	104.88	87.15	103.32	17.77	18.11	16.71	31.41	33.13	37.42
	IPA	203.75	202.39	194.53	89.58	107.28	119.08	106.11	122.79	122.02
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	MESA	0.00	0.00	0.00	2043.71	1945.56	1960.40	0.00	0.00	0.00
水杨酸 Salicylic acid	SA	262841.1	208707.3	226887.3	148707.0	143286.1	191767.7	140563.7	151651.5	170172.6
茉莉酸 Jasmonic acid	H₂JA	2.36	1.83	2.76	3.06	2.60	3.11	2.75	2.88	3.03
茉莉酸 Jasmonic acid	JA	93.82	83.59	76.27	63.44	50.83	59.65	377.76	393.99	492.27
脱落酸 Abscisic acid	ABA	57.47	47.28	45.39	150.24	120.25	97.19	55.13	49.21	36.48
乙烯 Ethylene	ACC	838.67	778.14	822.08	5323.73	5453.37	5235.46	3885.59	3295.39	3467.53

样品名称Samples	过滤后总数据量 Clean bases	GC含量 GC content (%)	≥Q30 (%)	序列总数 Total clean reads	总比对（比对率） Total mapped (Mapping ratio, %)	唯一比对（比对率） Uniquely mapped (Mapping ratio, %)	多方比对（比对率） Multiple mapped (Mapping ratio, %)
绿色叶GL1	7302373276	50.47	91.07	48819940	46388953 (95.02)	44247888 (90.63)	2141065 (4.39)
绿色叶GL2	7434294208	50.05	91.25	49705204	47042791 (94.64)	43805600 (88.13)	3237191 (6.51)
绿色叶GL3	7271079057	49.14	91.54	48606466	45884410 (94.40)	43524507 (89.54)	2359903 (4.86)
白化叶WL1	6830948082	50.15	92.11	45672892	43865510 (96.04)	42366504 (92.76)	1499006 (3.28)
白化叶WL2	7148140757	49.58	91.73	47793474	45823105 (95.88)	43672117 (91.38)	2150988 (4.50)
白化叶WL3	7944166308	49.72	97.67	53103966	52271280 (98.43)	49985049 (94.13)	2286231 (4.31)
野生型WT1	6591969488	53.31	93.37	44115034	41355884 (93.75)	37259893 (84.46)	4095991 (9.28)
野生型WT2	6763621452	50.12	92.11	45189738	43024853 (95.21)	41764281 (92.42)	1260572 (2.79)
野生型WT3	8854258271	53.17	95.02	59169498	56245607 (95.06)	50550176 (85.43)	5695431 (9.63)