外源油菜素内酯减轻SPVD对甘薯块根萌芽的抑制作用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.22.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究外源油菜素内酯（BR）缓解甘薯病毒病复合体（SPVD）对块根萌芽的抑制作用及其机制，为生产中BR缓解SPVD对甘薯育苗产业的影响提供理论依据。【方法】以感染SPVD的‘济薯25’块根为材料，设置不同浓度BR（0.1、0.5、1.0 μmol·L^-1）和油菜素唑（BRZ，0.1 μmol·L^-1）浸种处理，测定甘薯块根萌芽动态、可溶性糖含量、抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶）活性、活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）含量、BR合成关键基因CYP85A1和CYP90D1表达水平，分析外源BR和BRZ对感染SPVD甘薯块根中组织氧化还原状态和调控基因表达的变化特征。【结果】SPVD显著抑制甘薯块根萌芽，育苗后7、14和28 d，感染SPVD的甘薯块根萌芽更晚，出苗数量和质量更少。块根萌芽起始阶段（育苗后7—14 d），较低浓度BR（0.1和0.5 μmol·L^-1）浸种显著增加感染SPVD块根萌芽数量和质量，提高块根可溶性糖含量和抗氧化酶活性，降低MDA含量和ROS（·O₂-和H₂O₂）积累，提高BR合成关键基因（CYP85A1和CYP90D1）的表达；BRZ浸种显著降低块根萌芽数量和质量，增加MDA含量和ROS积累，降低抗氧化酶活性及BR合成关键基因的表达。育苗后21—28 d，低浓度BR（0.1 μmol·L^-1）浸种显著增加感染SPVD块根萌芽数量和质量，降低块根可溶性糖含量，提高抗氧化酶活性，降低MDA和ROS积累量，提高BR合成关键基因的表达；BRZ浸种则相反，显著降低块根萌芽数量和质量，降低抗氧化酶活性、ROS清除效率及BR合成关键基因的表达。【结论】感染SPVD甘薯块根萌芽性受到显著抑制，适宜浓度BR（0.1 μmol·L^-1）浸种通过激活抗氧化防御系统，优化糖代谢动态平衡及增强内源BR合成基因表达，显著缓解SPVD对甘薯块根萌芽的抑制。

关键词: 甘薯, 块根萌芽性, 油菜素内酯, 甘薯复合病毒病

Abstract:

【Objective】This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which exogenous brassinolide (BR) alleviates the inhibitory effects of sweet potato virus disease (SPVD) complex on storage roots germination in sweet potato, so as to provide the theoretical insights for mitigating SPVD impacts on sweet potato seedling production. 【Method】SPVD-infected ‘Jishu 25’ storage roots were subjected to seed soaking treatments with varying BR concentrations (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 μmol·L^-1) or brassinazole (BRZ, 0.1 μmol·L^-1). Germination kinetics, soluble sugar content, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD and CAT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and expression levels of BR biosynthesis genes (CYP85A1 and CYP90D1) were quantified to characterize BR/BRZ-induced alterations in cellular redox homeostasis and transcriptional regulation. 【Result】SPVD significantly suppressed storage roots germination. 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d after seedling cultivation, the storage roots of sweet potato infected with SPVD germinate later, and the number and quality of seedlings were reduced. During germination initiation stage (7-14 d): Lower BR concentrations (0.1-0.5 μmol·L^-1) enhanced quality of germination, elevated soluble sugar content, upregulated antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced ROS and MDA accumulation, and stimulated CYP85A1 and CYP90D1 expression. BRZ treatment exacerbated germination inhibition, suppressed antioxidant defenses, and increased oxidative damage. During the period of rapid germination (21-28 d), 0.1 μmol·L^-1 BR sustained germination promotion, reduced soluble sugar content, maintained high antioxidant activity, minimized oxidative stress, and further amplified BR biosynthetic genes expression. BRZ consistently impaired germination, antioxidant capacity, and BR genes expression. 【Conclusion】The germination of sweet potato storage roots infected with SPVD was significantly inhibited. The appropriate concentration of BR (0.1 μmol·L^-1) significantly alleviated the inhibition of SPVD on sweet potato storage roots germination by activating the antioxidant defense system, optimizing the dynamic balance of sugar metabolism, and enhancing the expression of endogenous BR synthesis genes.

Key words: sweet potato, storage root germination, brassinolide, SPVD

杜泰峰, 周媛媛, 秦桢, 李爱贤, 王庆美, 张立明, 侯夫云. 外源油菜素内酯减轻SPVD对甘薯块根萌芽的抑制作用[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(22): 4628-4637.

DU TaiFeng, ZHOU YuanYuan, QIN Zhen, LI AiXian, WANG QingMei, ZHANG LiMing, HOU FuYun. Exogenous Brassinolide Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of SPVD on Sweet Potato Storage Roots Germination[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2025, 58(22): 4628-4637.

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https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2025/V58/I22/4628

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引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)
IbActin-F	CTGGTGTTATGGTTGGGATGG
IbActin-R	GGGGTGCCTCGGTAAGAAG
SPFMV-F	GACTGATATGAGTCTTGCGCGRTATGCG
SPFMV-R	TGTGCCTCTCCGTATCYTCTTCTTGCGT
SPCSV-F	CCCAACGTGTTTATCTATTACTAAGAGTGG
SPCSV-R	AATACTGGGGAGCTATCTTACGTTTGA

引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)
CYP85A1-F	GCAGCTATCCGAGGAGCATT
CYP85A1-R	GCTGTGTTCTGAGCCTAGCA
CYP90D1-F	ATCTCCCTTTGGGCAACCTG
CYP90D1-R	TCTCTGGGCGGTCAGAGTAA

育苗时间 Seedling days	处理Treatment	出苗数量 Germination quantity (plant/kg)	出苗质量 Germination quality (g·kg^-1)
育苗后14 d 14 d after seedling	CK	9.61±3.16c	3.94±0.64c
	T1	39.89±4.23a	13.65±1.08a
	T2	18.70±7.18b	6.34±1.73b
	T3	8.95±1.83c	1.60±1.15d
	T4	8.20±1.90c	0.35±0.06d
育苗后21 d 21 d after seedling	CK	25.20±10.81b	33.12±5.95b
	T1	49.01±5.49a	63.82±5.92a
	T2	34.97±12.73ab	39.38±7.50b
	T3	32.34±2.36ab	34.39±5.37b
	T4	28.94±7.31b	20.73±3.44c
育苗后28 d 28 d after seedling	CK	58.15±5.29b	76.52±15.09c
	T1	84.38±5.24a	120.40±7.12a
	T2	85.54±10.22a	94.99±3.41b
	T3	50.51±17.15b	41.25±6.89d
	T4	15.20±4.33c	16.17±3.75e