河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间格局及影响因素分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.010

中国农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (5): 950-964.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.05.010

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇下一篇

河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间格局及影响因素分析

朱瑞明¹^,²(), 赵荣钦¹(), 焦士兴³, 李小建², 肖连刚¹, 谢志祥¹, 杨青林¹, 王帅¹, 张慧芳¹

¹ 华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院，郑州 450046
² 河南大学地理与环境学院，河南开封 475004
³ 安阳师范学院资源环境与旅游学院，河南安阳 455000

收稿日期:2023-03-31 接受日期:2023-06-09 出版日期:2024-03-06 发布日期:2024-03-06
通信作者:
赵荣钦，E-mail：zhaorq234@163.com
联系方式: 朱瑞明，E-mail：ruiming1227@henu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41971241); 国家自然科学基金(41971223); 国家社科基金重大项目(23&ZD099); 河南省高校科技创新人才项目（人文社科类）(2021- CX-011); 自然资源部碳中和与国土空间优化实验室2023年度开放基金项目; 黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心/黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心重大项目(2020M18)

Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Winter Wheat Irrigation Carbon Emission Intensity at Township Level in Henan Province

ZHU RuiMing¹^,²(), ZHAO RongQin¹(), JIAO ShiXing³, LI XiaoJian², XIAO LianGang¹, XIE ZhiXiang¹, YANG QingLin¹, WANG Shuai¹, ZHANG HuiFang¹

¹ College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046
² College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan
³ Department of Resources & Environment and Tourism, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan

Received:2023-03-31 Accepted:2023-06-09 Published:2024-03-06 Online:2024-03-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探索不同乡镇和灌溉模式的农业碳排放空间格局及其影响机制，揭示农业水资源和能源消耗的组合特征差异，为农业灌溉模式优化、水资源与能源节约以及低碳可持续发展提供参考依据。【方法】利用遥感影像、气象数据、统计资料和问卷调研等多源数据，对河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度及其空间分布格局进行分析，对比不同灌溉模式（雨养为主的灌溉模式，PI模式；地表水灌溉为主的灌溉模式，SWI模式；引水灌溉工程为主的灌溉模式，WDI模式；地下水灌溉为主的灌溉模式，GI模式）下的碳排放强度差异，并通过地理探测器探究其影响机制。【结果】（1）2018年河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度均值为15.05 kg·t^-1，并呈现出由西向东波动下降和从北向南减少的空间分布格局。碳排放强度高（>20.64 kg·t^-1）的乡镇主要集中在西部高海拔地区，碳排放强度低（<13.76 kg·t^-1）的乡镇主要分布在东南部地区。（2）4种灌溉模式中，冬小麦单位产量灌溉碳排放强度最高的是PI模式（22.22 kg·t^-1），最低的是SWI模式（11.05 kg·t^-1）。（3）平均海拔与有效降水量对碳排放强度空间分异的解释力分别达到49%和39%，是影响冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度的关键因素。同一驱动因素在不同灌溉模式下的影响具有差异性，能源消耗对WDI模式下的冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间分异格局的影响力最强，土地投入强度在GI模式下的驱动作用最为显著。此外，不同驱动因素交互作用后具有双因子增强效应和非线性增强效应。【结论】河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度存在空间异质性和灌溉模式差异，PI模式的冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度最高，WDI模式的碳排放量最高。平均海拔与降水是主导河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间分异格局形成的主要原因，人为因素则是不同灌溉模式下灌溉碳排放强度空间分异的主导力量。

关键词: 碳排放, 乡镇尺度, 灌溉模式, 冬小麦, 碳排放强度, 驱动因素, 河南省

Abstract:

【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the spatial distribution pattern and driving mechanism of agricultural carbon emissions of different townships and irrigation modes, and to reveal the regional differences of agricultural water and energy resources consumption combination characteristics, so as to provide necessary references for agricultural irrigation mode optimization, water and energy resources conservation and low-carbon agricultural sustainable development. 【Method】The irrigation carbon emission intensity and its spatial distribution of winter wheat at township level were calculated by using multi-source data, including remote sensing data, statistical data, meteorological data, and agricultural irrigation survey data. In addition, the geographical detector was employed to discuss the influencing factors of carbon emission intensity under different irrigation modes (Irrigation mode with rain-fed agriculture as the primary method, PI mode; Irrigation mode with surface water irrigation as the primary method, SWI mode; Irrigation mode with diversion and irrigation projects as the primary method, WDI mode; Irrigation mode with groundwater irrigation as the primary method, GI mode). 【Result】(1) In 2018, the average carbon emission intensity of winter wheat irrigation at the township level in Henan Province was 15.05 kg∙t^-1, which showed a west-to-east decreasing trend in the longitudinal direction and a north-high-south-low spatial distribution pattern in the latitudinal direction. The mean value of mean carbon emission intensity at township level was 15.05 kg∙t^-1. The high value townships was concentrated in the western mountainous region, while the lower gathered in the southeast region. (2) By comparing four irrigation modes, the irrigation mode with highest carbon emission intensity was the irrigation mode with rain-fed as the primary method (PI mode, 22.22 kg∙t^-1), while the irrigation mode with groundwater irrigation as the primary method was the least ideal (SWI mode, 11.05 kg∙t^-1). (3) The average elevation and effective precipitation explained 49% and 39% of the spatial differentiation pattern of carbon emission intensity, respectively, which were key factors influencing the carbon emission intensity of winter wheat irrigation. The effect of the same driving factor under different irrigation modes was variable. The influence of energy consumption on the spatial differentiation pattern of winter wheat irrigation carbon emission intensity under the irrigation mode dominated by water diversion irrigation projects (WDI mode) was the strongest, and the driving effect of land input intensity under the GI mode was the most significant. In addition, the interaction of different drivers had double-factor enhancement effects and non-linear enhancement effects. 【Conclusion】There was spatial heterogeneity and differences in irrigation mode in the carbon emission intensity of winter wheat irrigation at the township level in Henan Province. The PI mode was the mode with the highest winter wheat irrigation carbon emission intensity and the WDI mode was the mode with the highest carbon emissions. The average elevation and effective precipitation were the main reasons for the formation of spatially divergent patterns of irrigation carbon emission intensity of winter wheat at township scale in Henan Province, while anthropogenic factors were the dominant forces under different irrigation patterns.

Key words: carbon emissions, township level, irrigation mode, winter wheat, carbon emission intensity, driving factors, Henan Province

朱瑞明, 赵荣钦, 焦士兴, 李小建, 肖连刚, 谢志祥, 杨青林, 王帅, 张慧芳. 河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间格局及影响因素分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(5): 950-964.

ZHU RuiMing, ZHAO RongQin, JIAO ShiXing, LI XiaoJian, XIAO LianGang, XIE ZhiXiang, YANG QingLin, WANG Shuai, ZHANG HuiFang. Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Winter Wheat Irrigation Carbon Emission Intensity at Township Level in Henan Province[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2024, 57(5): 950-964.

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灌溉模式 Irrigation mode	驱动因素 Driving factors	AE	PA	EP	IWC	Y	EC	RL	LII
河南省 Henan Province	AE	0.49
	PA	0.56	0.24
	EP	0.74	0.58	0.39
	IWC	0.53	0.29	0.61	0.18
	Y	0.59	0.48	0.75	0.41	0.37
	EC	0.55	0.51	0.66	0.45	0.56	0.38
	RL	0.55	0.35	0.54	0.28	0.48	0.46	0.07
	LII	0.56	0.38	0.68	0.38	0.51	0.51	0.44	0.33
PI	AE	0.59
	PA	0.73	0.23
	EP	0.79	0.58	0.22
	IWC	0.70	0.30	0.47	0.23
	Y	0.97	0.96	0.97	0.96	0.95
	EC	0.79	0.57	0.60	0.49	0.97	0.19
	RL	0.78	0.53	0.68	0.46	0.97	0.53	0.21
	LII	0.75	0.47	0.67	0.47	0.96	0.62	0.58	0.41
WDI	AE	0.46
	PA	0.53	0.22
	EP	0.74	0.53	0.26
	IWC	0.52	0.31	0.59	0.26
	Y	0.83	0.84	0.99	0.83	0.82
	EC	0.48	0.52	0.72	0.51	0.83	0.41
	RL	0.49	0.38	0.36	0.42	0.83	0.46	0.06
	LII	0.64	0.50	0.75	0.48	0.87	0.63	0.57	0.45
SWI	AE	0.08
	PA	0.56	0.49
	EP	0.77	0.81	0.63
	IWC	0.58	0.56	0.80	0.52
	Y	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99
	EC	0.21	0.63	0.79	0.63	0.99	0.18
	RL	0.26	0.65	0.71	0.63	0.99	0.29	0.07
	LII	0.67	0.68	0.85	0.66	0.99	0.70	0.74	0.63
GI	AE	0.69
	PA	0.78	0.33
	EP	0.77	0.57	0.33
	IWC	0.78	0.42	0.63	0.37
	Y	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99	0.99
	EC	0.72	0.75	0.69	0.76	0.99	0.55
	RL	0.75	0.68	0.59	0.68	0.99	0.65	0.18
	LII	0.84	0.77	0.80	0.74	0.99	0.83	0.80	0.67

河南省乡镇尺度冬小麦灌溉碳排放强度空间格局及影响因素分析

Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Winter Wheat Irrigation Carbon Emission Intensity at Township Level in Henan Province

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