中国农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (15): 3020-3031.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.15.015

• 畜牧·兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

免疫沉淀联合LC-MS/MS筛选猪肝星状细胞中葡萄糖调节蛋白GRP94的互作蛋白

王枭鸿(), 邢明杰, 顾宪红, 郝月()   

  1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所/畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-10 接受日期:2022-07-14 出版日期:2023-08-01 发布日期:2023-08-05
  • 通信作者:
    郝月,E-mail:
  • 联系方式: 王枭鸿,E-mail:caaswangxiaohong@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31872404); 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

Screening of Anti-Apoptotic Protein GRP94 Interaction Proteins in Porcine Hepatic Stellate Cells by Immunoprecipitation Combined with LC-MS/MS

WANG XiaoHong(), XING MingJie, GU XianHong, HAO Yue()   

  1. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Beijing 100193
  • Received:2022-05-10 Accepted:2022-07-14 Published:2023-08-01 Online:2023-08-05

摘要:

【背景】 随着规模化、集约化生产程度的不断提高,养殖过程中饲养空间受限、冷热环境不适等因素常使猪处于应激状态。内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress, ERS)可能是最早期的应激反应,与细胞凋亡、代谢等方面有密切联系。肝脏是机体的主要代谢器官,猪养殖过程中由于人工操作(如断奶)、饲料霉变、温度变化和吸入有害气体等因素都会造成猪肝脏的ERS,不仅会造成肝脏损伤,还会引发肝脏的脂肪代谢紊乱和广泛的炎症反应,影响生产性能和繁殖性能。因此,深入探讨缓解ERS的有效措施,有助于减少猪养殖过程中的隐性损失。【目的】 利用免疫沉淀联合质谱技术,从猪肝星状细胞中筛选在ERS条件下与葡萄糖调节蛋白94(GRP94)相互作用的细胞蛋白,为进一步探讨GRP94对猪肝星状细胞生物学功能的保护作用机理奠定基础。【方法】 首先将GRP94抗体固定在谷胱甘肽亲和磁珠上,用亲和磁珠与ERS条件下或正常条件下猪肝星状细胞总蛋白进行孵育,与GRP94诱饵蛋白结合的蛋白复合物洗脱收集后,进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳验证。将验证成功的样品洗脱液进行液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测,鉴定出正常条件和ERS条件下GRP94的互作蛋白。运用生物信息学在线软件对筛选的互作细胞蛋白进行 GO 富集、KEGG 信号通路注释和蛋白互作网络分析,并对其中的互作蛋白之一波形蛋白(vimentin)进行免疫共沉淀验证。【结果】 筛选到正常条件下与GRP94存在互作关系的蛋白146个,ERS条件下与GRP94存在互作关系的蛋白76个,在两种情况下都存在互作关系的蛋白44个。ERS条件下有互作关系的76个蛋白质主要参与凋亡过程负调控、肽段交联、泛素依赖型ERAD(endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation)过程和过氧化氢分解代谢等过程。其中参与凋亡过程负调控的GRP94互作蛋白有albumin、catalase、filament A、heat shock protein family A member 5、keratin 18和prohibin 2,说明GRP94可能与这些蛋白共同发挥抗凋亡作用。除此之外组成中间丝纤维的vimentin蛋白参与多个GO富集的通路,可能与GRP94有重要的互作关系。进一步的免疫共沉淀试验也证实,ERS条件下vimentin和GRP94之间确实存在互作关系。此外,某些ERS条件下特异性表达的GRP94互作蛋白(如peroxiredoxin、death inducer obliterator 1、catalase、glandular kallikrein、pyruvate kinase等)与抗凋亡有密切联系。【结论】 ERS条件下,猪肝脏GRP94互作蛋白主要参与抗凋亡、对未折叠蛋白进行折叠和维护细胞内稳态相关的信号通路。该结论为下一步开展GRP94参与肝脏ERS调控机制的研究打下基础。

关键词: ERS, 肝细胞, GRP94, 互作蛋白,

Abstract:

【Background】 Extensive stress reactions often occur in pigs due to poor breeding environment, thick subcutaneous fat and lack of sweat glands in pigs. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ERS) may be the earliest stress response, which is closely related to apoptosis and metabolism. Liver is the main metabolic organ of the body. In the process of pig breeding, the artificial operations, such as weaning, feed mildew, and inhalation of harmful gases and temperature changes, will cause ERS in pig liver, which will not only cause liver damage, but also cause liver fat metabolism disorder and extensive inflammatory reaction, affecting animal production performance and reproductive performance. The regulation of ERS in production is helpful to reduce the recessive loss in the pig breeding process. 【Objective】 Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry was used to screen the cellular proteins interacting with glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) in porcine hepatic stellate cells (HSC) under ERS condition, which could lay a foundation for further study on the protective mechanism of GRP94 on biological function of HSC. 【Method】 Protein complexes bound to GRP94 bait protein were eluted, collected, and verified by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. The successfully verified sample eluent was detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the interaction proteins of GRP94 under normal condition and ERS condition were identified. The detected proteins were analyzed by GO, KEGG and interaction network. Vimentin, one of the interacting proteins, was verified by co-immunoprecipitation. 【Result】 In porcine hepatic stellate cells, 146 proteins were interacting with GRP94 under normal condition, 76 proteins under ERS condition, and 44 proteins under both conditions. The results showed that 76 proteins interacting with GRP94 under ERS were mainly involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis process, peptide cross-linking, ubiquitin-dependent ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation) pathway and hydrogen peroxide catabolic process, among them, the specific proteins interacting with GRP94 in the negative regulation of apoptosis process were albumin, catalase, filament A, heat shock protein family A member 5, keratin 18, and prohibin 2, indicating that GRP94 might play an anti-apoptotic role with these proteins. Besides, the vimentin protein that made up the intermediate filament was involved in multiple GO enrichment terms, which might have an important interaction with GRP94, which was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation test, further demonstrating that there was indeed an interactive relationship between this two. Further analysis showed that some GRP94 interacting proteins (Such as peroxiredoxin, death inducer obliterator 1, catalase, glandular kallikrein, pyruvate kinase and so on) specifically expressed under ERS were closely related to anti-apoptosis. 【Conclusion】 Under ERS, GRP94 interacting proteins were mainly involved in anti-apoptosis, folding of unfolded proteins and maintenance of intracellular homeostasis-related signal pathways. This conclusion laid a foundation for further study on the mechanism of GRP94 involved in liver ERS regulation.

Key words: endoplasmic reticulum stress, liver cells, GRP94, protein interactions, pig