不同秸秆还田方式对玉米农田土壤CO2排放量和碳平衡的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.14.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究秸秆还田方式对土壤CO₂排放特征及碳平衡的影响，为东北地区农田土壤固碳减排和秸秆还田方式的选择提供科学依据。【方法】采用田间微区试验，以玉米为供试作物，设置3种秸秆还田方式：秸秆浅层还田（QH）、秸秆深层还田（SH）和秸秆覆盖还田（FG），无秸秆还田（CK）处理为对照。利用LI-8100A 土壤碳通量自动测定仪监测玉米生长季不同秸秆还田方式下土壤CO₂的排放特征，探讨土壤温度、含水量、pH、微生物量碳及氮磷钾速效养分和全量养分对土壤CO₂排放的影响，并分析不同还田方式下的土壤碳平衡。【结果】在玉米生长季，各处理土壤CO₂排放速率均表现为先升高后降低的趋势。土壤CO₂累积排放量表现为FG>QH>SH>CK处理，相较于SH处理，FG和QH处理土壤CO₂累积排放量分别增加了14.0%和6.4%，各处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。不同还田方式下土壤CO₂排放速率与土壤温度、土壤含水量进行单因素模型拟合，均呈二次函数相关关系，且达到了显著水平（P<0.05），土壤温度和土壤含水量分别解释68.2%—73.7%和21.3%—82.8%的土壤CO₂排放速率变化，但土壤温度和土壤含水量的双因素复合模型能更好地解释土壤CO₂排放速率的变化，解释度达到78.5%—82.8%。相关性分析表明，土壤CO₂累积排放量与速效钾、微生物量碳呈极显著相关关系（P<0.01），与土壤有机质、碱解氮、全氮和pH呈显著的相关关系（P<0.05）。秸秆还田处理下土壤碳平衡均为正值，为大气CO₂碳汇。SH处理下土壤碳平衡和固碳潜力显著高于QH、FG处理，提高幅度分别为23.4%、475.7%和7.1%、30.7%（P<0.05），表现出较强的碳汇功能。在两年收获期，秸秆还田显著提高了玉米产量，其中SH处理最高，但与QH和FG处理间无显著差异。【结论】本试验条件下，综合考虑固碳减排效应和产量，3种秸秆还田方式相比，秸秆深层还田（SH）是一种较好的还田方式。

关键词: 秸秆还田方式, 土壤CO₂排放, 土壤温度, 土壤含水量, 玉米产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 The effects of different straw returning patterns on soil carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission characteristics and carbon balance were discussed, which provided a scientific basis for carbon (C) sequestration and emission reduction as well as the selection of straw returning patterns in Northeast China. 【Method】 A field micro-plot experiment were conducted with maize as the experimental crop, and three straw returning patterns were set up, including straw shallow returning (QH), straw deep returning (SH), and straw mulching (FG). No straw returning (CK) was used as the control treatment. The LI-8100A automatic soil C flux tester was used to monitor soil CO₂ emission characteristics under different straw returning patterns during the maize growth period. Effects of soil temperature, soil moisture content, pH, MBC, available nutrients and total nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on soil CO₂ emissions were analyzed, and soil carbon balance was investigated too. 【Result】 During the maize season, soil CO₂ emission rates showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing under different straw returning patterns. The cumulative soil CO₂ emissions were as follows: FG>QH>SH>CK treatment. Compared with SH treatment, the cumulative soil CO₂ emissions under FG and QH treatments increased by 14.0% and 6.4%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the treatments (P<0.05). The single factor model fitting of soil CO₂ emission rates, soil temperature and soil moisture content under different straw returning patterns showed a quadratic function correlation, and reached a significant level (P<0.05), soil temperature could explain the variation of soil CO₂ emission rate of 68.2%-73.7%, and soil moisture content could explain 21.3%-37.5%. However, the two-factor composite model of soil temperature and soil moisture content could better explain the variation of soil CO₂ emission rate, with an explanation of 78.5%-82.8%. Correlation analysis showed that cumulative CO₂ emissions were significantly correlated with available potassium and MBC (P<0.01), and significantly correlated with soil organic matter, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, and pH (P<0.05). The soil carbon balance was positive under different straw returning patterns, which were the "sink" of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The soil carbon balance and carbon sequestration potential under the SH treatment were significantly higher than the QH and FG treatments by increased of 23.4%, 475.7% and 7.1%, 30.7% (P<0.05), respectively. Compared with other treatments, the SH treatment showed a strong carbon "sink" function. In the two-year harvest period, straw returning treatments significantly increased maize yield, SH treatment had the highest maize yield, but there was no significant difference with QH and FG treatments. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, taking into account the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect and yield, SH was a better straw returning pattern compared with the three patterns.

Key words: straw returning patterns, soil CO₂ emission, soil temperature, soil moisture content, maize yield

李金, 任立军, 李晓宇, 毕润学, 金鑫鑫, 虞娜, 张玉玲, 邹洪涛, 张玉龙. 不同秸秆还田方式对玉米农田土壤CO₂排放量和碳平衡的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(14): 2738-2750.

LI Jin, REN LiJun, LI XiaoYu, BI RunXue, JIN XinXin, YU Na, ZHANG YuLing, ZOU HongTao, ZHANG YuLong. Effects of Different Straw Returning Patterns on Soil CO₂ Emission and Carbon Balance in Maize Field[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(14): 2738-2750.

图/表 12

表1

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表2

图8

表3

表4

参考文献 50

[1]	PERKINS K M, MUNGUIA N, ELLENBECKER M, MOURE- ERASO R, VELAZQUEZ L. COVID-19 pandemic lessons to facilitate future engagement in the global climate crisis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 290: 125178. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125178
[2]	LINQUIST B, VAN GROENIGEN K J, ADVIENTO-BORBE M A, PITTELKOW C, VAN KESSEL C. An agronomic assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from major cereal crops. Global Change Biology, 2012, 18(1): 194-209. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02502.x
[3]	武开阔, 张哲, 武志杰, 冯良山, 宫平, 白伟, 冯晨, 张丽莉. 不同秸秆还田量和氮肥配施对玉米田土壤CO₂排放的影响. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 664-670. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202203.013
	WU K K, ZHANG Z, WU Z J, FENG L S, GONG P, BAI W, FENG C, ZHANG L L. Effects of different amounts of straw return and nitrogen fertilizer application on soil CO₂ emission from maize fields. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(3): 664-670. (in Chinese)
[4]	靳玉婷, 李先藩, 蔡影, 胡宏祥, 刘运峰, 付思伟, 张博睿. 秸秆还田配施化肥对稻-油轮作土壤酶活性及微生物群落结构的影响. 环境科学, 2021, 42(8): 3985-3996.
	JIN Y T, LI X F, CAI Y, HU H X, LIU Y F, FU S W, ZHANG B R. Effects of straw returning with chemical fertilizer on soil enzyme activities and microbial community structure in rice-rape rotation. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(8): 3985-3996. (in Chinese)
[5]	ZHANG W S, LI H, LIANG L Y, WANG S X, LAKSHMANAN P, JIANG Z C, LIU C Y, YANG H, ZHOU M L, CHEN X P. An integrated straw-tillage management increases maize crop productivity, soil organic carbon, and net ecosystem carbon budget. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2022, 340: 108175. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2022.108175
[6]	ZUO S S, WU D, DU Z L, XU C C, WU W L. Effects of white-rot fungal pretreatment of corn straw return on greenhouse gas emissions from the North China Plain soil. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 807: 150837. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150837
[7]	YANG X, MENG J, LAN Y, CHEN W F, YANG T X, YUAN J, LIU S N, HAN J. Effects of maize stover and its biochar on soil CO₂ emissions and labile organic carbon fractions in Northeast China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2017, 240: 24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2017.02.001
[8]	白银萍, 海江波, 杨刚, 黄晶, 董发勤, 刘明学, 聂小琴. 稻田土壤呼吸及酶活性对不同秸秆还田方式的响应. 应用与环境生物学报, 2017, 23(1): 28-32.
	BAI Y P, HAI J B, YANG G, HUANG J, DONG F Q, LIU M X, NIE X Q. Effect of the straw returning pattern on soil respiration and enzyme activities. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2017, 23(1): 28-32. (in Chinese)
[9]	WANG H, WANG S L, YU Q, ZHANG Y J, WANG R, LI J, WANG X L. No tillage increases soil organic carbon storage and decreases carbon dioxide emission in the crop residue-returned farming system. Journal of Environmental Management, 2020, 261: 110261. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110261
[10]	WU L F, LI B B, QIN Y, GREGORICH E. Soil CO₂ emission and carbon budget of a wheat/maize annual double-cropped system in response to tillage and residue management in the North China Plain. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 2017, 15(3): 253-263. doi: 10.1080/14735903.2017.1288518
[11]	殷文, 史倩倩, 郭瑶, 冯福学, 赵财, 于爱忠, 柴强. 秸秆还田、一膜两年用及间作对农田碳排放的短期效应. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24(6): 716-724.
	YIN W, SHI Q Q, GUO Y, FENG F X, ZHAO C, YU A Z, CHAI Q. Short-term response of farmland carbon emission to straw return, two-year plastic film mulching and intercropping. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(6): 716-724. (in Chinese)
[12]	DOSSOU-YOVO E R, BRÜGGEMANN N, AMPOFO E, IGUE A M, JESSE N, HUAT J, AGBOSSOU E K. Combining no-tillage, rice straw mulch and nitrogen fertilizer application to increase the soil carbon balance of upland rice field in northern Benin. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, 163: 152-159. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2016.05.019
[13]	刘平奇, 张梦璇, 王立刚, 王迎春. 深松秸秆还田措施对东北黑土土壤呼吸及有机碳平衡的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 39(5): 1150-1160.
	LIU P Q, ZHANG M X, WANG L G, WANG Y C. Effects of subsoiling and straw return on soil respiration and soil organic carbon balance in black soil of northeast China. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2020, 39(5): 1150-1160. (in Chinese)
[14]	马玲, 王丹蕾, 韩昌东, 范丽娟, 金鑫鑫, 叶旭红, 邹洪涛. 秸秆还田方式对东北农田土壤NH₃挥发和N₂O排放的影响. 环境科学研究, 2020, 33(10): 2351-2360.
	MA L, WANG D L, HAN C D, FAN L J, JIN X X, YE X H, ZOU H T. Effects of straw returning mode on NH₃ volatilization and N₂O emission of farmland in northeast China. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2020, 33(10): 2351-2360. (in Chinese)
[15]	张晓龙, 沈冰, 权全, 董樑, 田开迪. 渭河平原农田冬小麦土壤呼吸及其影响因素. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(8): 2551-2560. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201608.024
	ZHANG X L, SHEN B, QUAN Q, DONG L, TIAN K D. Soil respiration rates and its affecting factors in winter wheat land in the Weihe Plain, Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(8): 2551-2560. (in Chinese)
[16]	LI J H, LI H, ZHANG Q, SHAO H B, GAO C H, ZHANG X Z. Effects of fertilization and straw return methods on the soil carbon pool and CO₂ emission in a reclaimed mine spoil in Shanxi Province, China. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019, 195: 104361. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2019.104361
[17]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 3版. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
	BAO S D. Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis. 3rd ed. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. (in Chinese)
[18]	ZHAO X M, HE L, ZHANG Z D, WANG H B, ZHAO L P. Simulation of accumulation and mineralization (CO₂ release) of organic carbon in chernozem under different straw return ways after corn harvesting. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, 156: 148-154. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2015.11.001
[19]	TIAN P, SUI P X, LIAN H L, WANG Z Y, MENG G X, SUN Y, WANG Y Y, SU Y H, MA Z Q, QI H, JIANG Y. Maize straw returning approaches affected straw decomposition and soil carbon and nitrogen storage in northeast China. Agronomy, 2019, 9(12): 818. doi: 10.3390/agronomy9120818
[20]	XIA L L, WANG S W, YAN X Y. Effects of long-term straw incorporation on the net global warming potential and the net economic benefit in a rice-wheat cropping system in China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2014, 197: 118-127. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.001
[21]	HU Z H, CUI H L, CHEN S T, SHEN S H, LI H M, YANG Y P, LI C Z. Soil respiration and N₂O flux response to UV-B radiation and straw incorporation in a soybean-winter wheat rotation system. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2013, 224(1): 1394.
[22]	WU L, ZHANG W J, WEI W J, HE Z L, KUZYAKOV Y, BOL R, HU R G. Soil organic matter priming and carbon balance after straw addition is regulated by long-term fertilization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2019, 135: 383-391. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.06.003
[23]	闫翠萍, 张玉铭, 胡春胜, 董文旭, 王玉英, 李晓欣, 秦树平. 不同耕作措施下小麦-玉米轮作农田温室气体交换及其综合增温潜势. 中国生态农业学报, 2016, 24(6): 704-715.
	YAN C P, ZHANG Y M, HU C S, DONG W X, WANG Y Y, LI X X, QIN S P. Greenhouse gas exchange and comprehensive global warming potential under different wheat-maize rotation patterns. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2016, 24(6): 704-715. (in Chinese)
[24]	HEITKÖTTER J, HEINZE S, MARSCHNER B. Relevance of substrate quality and nutrients for microbial C-turnover in top- and subsoil of a Dystric Cambisol. Geoderma, 2017, 302: 89-99. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.04.029
[25]	朱晓晴, 安晶, 马玲, 陈松岭, 李嘉琦, 邹洪涛, 张玉龙. 秸秆还田深度对土壤温室气体排放及玉米产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(5): 977-989. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.010. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.010
	ZHU X Q, AN J, MA L, CHEN S L, LI J Q, ZOU H T, ZHANG Y L. Effects of different straw returning depths on soil greenhouse gas emission and maize yield. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(5): 977-989. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.010. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.010
[26]	郭海斌, 张军刚, 王文文, 冯晓曦, 许波, 王成业, 白冬, 杨永乾. 耕作方式与秸秆还田对土壤呼吸及其影响因素的影响. 陕西农业科学, 2018, 64(6): 1-3.
	GUO H B, ZHANG J G, WANG W W, FENG X X, XU B, WANG C Y, BAI D, YANG Y Q. Effects of tillage methods and straw returning on soil respiration and its influencing factors. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 64(6): 1-3. (in Chinese)
[27]	于建光, 李辉信, 胡锋, 沈英. 施用秸秆及接种蚯蚓对土壤颗粒有机碳及矿物结合有机碳的影响. 生态环境, 2006, 15(3): 606-610.
	YU J G, LI H X, HU F, SHEN Y. Effects of straw application and earthworm inoculation on soil particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon. Ecology and Environment, 2006, 15(3): 606-610. (in Chinese)
[28]	ZHANG H, LIANG S, WANG Y H, LIU S W, SUN H D. Greenhouse gas emissions of rice straw return varies with return depth and soil type in paddy systems of Northeast China. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2021, 67(12): 1591-1602. doi: 10.1080/03650340.2020.1800644
[29]	王维钰, 乔博, Kashif AKHTAR, 袁率, 任广鑫, 冯永忠. 免耕条件下秸秆还田对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统土壤呼吸及土壤水热状况的影响. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(11): 2136-2152. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.11.010. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.11.010
	WANG W Y, QIAO B, AKHTAR K, YUAN S, REN G X, FENG Y Z. Effects of straw returning to field on soil respiration and soil water heat in winter wheat-summer maize rotation system under no tillage. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(11): 2136-2152. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.11.010. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.11.010
[30]	陈全胜, 李凌浩, 韩兴国, 董云社, 王智平, 熊小刚, 阎志丹. 土壤呼吸对温度升高的适应. 生态学报, 2004, 24(11): 2649-2655.
	CHEN Q S, LI L H, HAN X G, DONG Y S, WANG Z P, XIONG X G, YAN Z D. Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2004, 24(11): 2649-2655. (in Chinese)
[31]	XU M, QI Y. Soil-surface CO₂ efflux and its spatial and temporal variations in a young ponderosa pine plantation in northern California. Global Change Biology, 2001, 7(6): 667-677. doi: 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00435.x
[32]	DONG W Y, LIU E K, WANG J B, YAN C R, LI J, ZHANG Y Q. Impact of tillage management on the short- and long-term soil carbon dioxide emissions in the dryland of Loess Plateau in China. Geoderma, 2017, 307: 38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.07.036
[33]	LI L J, YOU M Y, SHI H A, DING X L, QIAO Y F, HAN X Z. Soil CO₂ emissions from a cultivated Mollisol: effects of organic amendments, soil temperature, and moisture. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2013, 55: 83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.12.009
[34]	DING W X, YU H Y, CAI Z C, HAN F X, XU Z H. Responses of soil respiration to N fertilization in a loamy soil under maize cultivation. Geoderma, 2010, 155(3/4): 381-389. doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.12.023
[35]	LELLEI-KOVÁCS E, KOVÁCS-LÁNG E, BOTTA-DUKÁT Z, KALAPOS T, EMMETT B, BEIER C. Thresholds and interactive effects of soil moisture on the temperature response of soil respiration. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2011, 47(4): 247-255. doi: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2011.05.004
[36]	DILUSTRO J J, COLLINS B, DUNCAN L S, CRAWFORD C. Moisture and soil texture effects on soil CO₂ efflux components in southeastern mixed pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 2005, 204(1): 87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.09.001
[37]	MAESTRE F T, CORTINA J. Small-scale spatial variation in soil CO₂ efflux in a Mediterranean semiarid steppe. Applied Soil Ecology, 2003, 23(3): 199-209. doi: 10.1016/S0929-1393(03)00050-7
[38]	GOU Z W, YIN W, CHAI Q. Straw and residual film management enhances crop yield and weakens CO₂ emissions in wheat-maize intercropping system. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11: 14077. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93497-x
[39]	葛高飞, 梁永超. 玉米生长过程中施肥对土壤呼吸和微生物量碳的影响. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(18): 73-78.
	GE G F, LIANG Y C. Effect of fertilization on soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon during maize growth period. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(18): 73-78. (in Chinese) doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-0529
[40]	孙美佳, 周志勇, 王勇强, 沈颖, 夏威. 有机物添加对山西太岳山油松林土壤呼吸及碳组分的影响. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 47(1): 67-75.
	SUN M J, ZHOU Z Y, WANG Y Q, SHEN Y, XIA W. The effect of organic matter addition on soil respiration and carbon component in Pinus tabuliformis forests in Taiyue Mountain, Shanxi Province, China. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2023, 47(1): 67-75. (in Chinese)
[41]	陈仕阳, 杨荣, 苏永中, 杜泽玉. 河西绿洲农田土壤呼吸特征及其对长期施肥的响应. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(3): 178-186. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00147
	CHEN S Y, YANG R, SU Y Z, DU Z Y. Characteristics of soil respiration in farmland of Hexi oasis and its response to long-term fertilization. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(3): 178-186. (in Chinese) doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00147
[42]	WANG J L, TENG D X, HE X M, QIN L, YANG X D, LV G H. Spatial non-stationarity effects of driving factors on soil respiration in an arid desert region. Catena, 2021, 207: 105617. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2021.105617
[43]	张俊丽, Sikander Khan Tanveer, 温晓霞, 陈月星, 高明博, 刘杨, 廖允成. 不同耕作方式下旱作玉米田土壤呼吸及其影响因素. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(18): 192-199.
	ZHANG J L, TANVEER S K, WEN X X, CHEN Y X, GAO M B, LIU Y, LIAO Y C. Soil respiration and its affecting factors in dry-land maize field under different tillage systems. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(18): 192-199. (in Chinese)
[44]	GAO X, GU F X, HAO W P, MEI X R, LI H R, GONG D Z, MAO L L, ZHANG Z G. Carbon budget of a rainfed spring maize cropland with straw returning on the Loess Plateau, China. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 586: 1193-1203. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.113
[45]	WANG Y Y, HU C S, DONG W X, LI X X, ZHANG Y M, QIN S P, OENEMA O. Carbon budget of a winter-wheat and summer-maize rotation cropland in the North China Plain. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2015, 206: 33-45. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.016
[46]	BUYSSE P, ROISIN C, AUBINET M. Fifty years of contrasted residue management of an agricultural crop: impacts on the soil carbon budget and on soil heterotrophic respiration. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2013, 167: 52-59. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.006
[47]	LIU C, LU M, CUI J, LI B, FANG C M. Effects of straw carbon input on carbon dynamics in agricultural soils: a meta-analysis. Global Change Biology, 2014, 20(5): 1366-1381. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12517 pmid: 24395454
[48]	WANG X K, LU F, HAN B, OUYANG Z. Carbon sequestration by cropland soil in China:potential and feasibilty. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2009, 6(24): 242041.
[49]	张莉, 王婧, 逄焕成, 张珺穜, 郭建军, 董国豪. 短期秸秆颗粒还田对小麦-玉米系统作物产量与土壤呼吸的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(2): 565-572. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201802.030
	ZHANG L, WANG J, PANG H C, ZHANG J T, GUO J J, DONG G H. Effects of short-term granulated straw incorporation on grain yield and soil respiration in a winter wheat-summer maize cropping system. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(2): 565-572. (in Chinese) doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201802.030
[50]	LI X H, WANG S X, DUAN L, HAO J M, LI C, CHEN Y S, YANG L. Particulate and trace gas emissions from open burning of wheat straw and corn stover in China. Environmental Science & Technology, 2007, 41(17): 6052-6058. doi: 10.1021/es0705137

处理Treatment	操作Operation
秸秆浅层还田 Straw shallow returning (QH)	20—40 cm土层翻动后填回，0—20 cm土层翻动并与秸秆混合 The 20-40 cm soil layer was turned and filled back, the 0-20 cm soil layer was turned and mixed with straw
秸秆深层还田 Straw deep returning (SH)	20—40 cm土层翻动并与秸秆混合，0—20 cm土层翻动后填回 The 20-40 cm soil layer was turned and mixed with straw, the 0-20 cm soil layer was turned and filled back
秸秆覆盖还田 Straw mulching (FG)	20—40和0—20 cm土层翻动后分层填回，表面覆盖秸秆 The 20-40 cm soil layer and the 0-20 cm soil layer were turned and filled back in layers, the surface was covered with straw
无秸秆还田 No straw returning (CK)	20—40和0—20 cm土层翻动后分层填回 The 20-40 cm soil layer and the 0-20 cm soil layer were turned and filled back in layers

处理 Treatment	z	a	b	c	d	R²
CK	-23.785	0.556	1.610	-0.011	-0.029	0.820
QH	-17.005	0.489	1.342	-0.009	-0.026	0.785
FG	-14.226	-0.007	1.716	0.002	-0.035	0.828
SH	-21.720	0.489	1.734	-0.010	-0.035	0.821

处理 Treatment	NPPa (kg·hm^-2)	NPPC (kg·hm^-2)	RmC (kg·hm^-2)	NEPC (kg·hm^-2)	Cs
CK	8226.67±122.20c	5464.85±81.17c	3877.45±25.10d	1587.40±97.45b	1.22±0.02a
QH	10133.33±115.47a	6731.43±76.70a	5207.75±59.70b	1523.67±67.09b	1.12±0.01b
FG	8893.33±100.66b	5907.71±66.86b	5581.18±28.03a	326.53±40.07c	0.92±0.01c
SH	10200.00±200.10a	6775.72±132.85a	4895.84±20.19c	1879.87±124.66a	1.20±0.02a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	穗行数 Kernel row number (No.)	穗粒数 Kernel number (No.)	百粒重 100-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg·hm^-2)
2020	CK	17.20±0.35a	576.15±5.38c	30.37±0.73c	8201.12±145.50c
	QH	17.50±0.50a	634.42±14.40b	31.34±0.81bc	9055.20±67.39b
	FG	17.85±0.79a	685.02±10.61a	32.83±0.65b	10007.21±346.17a
	SH	18.20±0.34a	689.23±15.19a	34.35±0.98a	10117.79±99.42a
2021	CK	17.22±1.07a	694.67±10.26b	29.69±0.81c	11466.67±611.01b
	QH	17.67±0.33a	727.33±10.01a	31.13±0.37b	13066.67±115.47a
	FG	17.56±0.51a	718.00±10.53a	31.86±0.72b	12933.33±230.94a
	SH	18.33±0.66a	737.67±12.89a	33.17±0.24a	13533.33±115.47a

不同秸秆还田方式对玉米农田土壤CO₂排放量和碳平衡的影响

Effects of Different Straw Returning Patterns on Soil CO₂ Emission and Carbon Balance in Maize Field

RichHTML

PDF

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 50

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	张方方, 宋启龙, 高娜, 白炬, 李阳, 岳善超, 李世清. 长期覆盖对黄土高原春玉米产量、土壤碳氮组分和碳氮库相关指数的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(3): 507-519.
[2]	吴文琪, 焦阳, 惠家祯, 王绪锋, 郭博森, 沈玉芳. 不同有机物料配施化肥对土壤肥力和玉米产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(23): 4966-4978.
[3]	熊志豪, 刘君权, 叶琳, 朱丹丹, 侯素素, 方娅婷, 丛日环, 任涛, 李小坤, 鲁剑巍. 稻油轮作系统秸秆直接还田与焚烧还田的作物产量和养分表观平衡特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2025, 58(16): 3293-3303.
[4]	王小彬, 闫湘, 李秀英, 孙兆凯, 涂成. 农林保水剂效果评价及其环境风险探讨[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(6): 1117-1136.
[5]	刘雅杰, 张天娇, 张向前, 路战远, 刘战勇, 程玉臣, 武迪, 李金龙. 秸秆还田下耕作方式对黑土活性有机碳组分及碳库管理指数的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(17): 3408-3423.
[6]	栗海鹏, 杜武焰, 吴涵茜, 张杰, 孟会生, 洪坚平, 徐明岗, 郝鲜俊, 高文俊. 不同有机肥对煤矿复垦区土壤养分及细菌群落结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2024, 57(16): 3207-3219.
[7]	焦智辉, 陈桂平, 范虹, 张金丹, 殷文, 李含婷, 王琦明, 胡发龙, 柴强. 绿洲灌区密植减量施氮玉米的水分利用特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(16): 3088-3099.
[8]	于茹, 宋佳珅, 张宏媛, 常芳弟, 王永庆, 王希全, 王婧, 王伟妮, 李玉义. 秸秆隔层结合春灌对河套灌区盐碱地土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(12): 2341-2353.
[9]	张晨曦, 田明慧, 杨硕, 杜嘉琪, 何堂庆, 仇云鹏, 张学林. 酸性土壤中丛枝菌根真菌菌剂多样性对玉米产量及其磷钾吸收的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(15): 2899-2910.
[10]	王国丽,常芳弟,张宏媛,卢闯,宋佳珅,王婧,逄焕成,李玉义. 不同厚度秸秆隔层对河套灌区盐碱土壤温度、水分和食葵产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(19): 4155-4168.
[11]	李含婷,柴强,王琦明,胡发龙,于爱忠,赵财,殷文,樊志龙,范虹. 绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(12): 2608-2618.
[12]	朱晓晴,安晶,马玲,陈松岭,李嘉琦,邹洪涛,张玉龙. 秸秆还田深度对土壤温室气体排放及玉米产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(5): 977-989.
[13]	普雪可, 吴春花, 勉有明, 苗芳芳, 侯贤清, 李荣. 不同覆盖方式对旱作马铃薯生长及土壤水热特征的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(4): 734-747.
[14]	李强, 黄迎新, 钟荣珍, 孙海霞, 周道玮. 豆-禾混播草地中紫花苜蓿比例对其固氮效率的影响及潜在生理机制[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(13): 2647-2656.
[15]	范凯凯,佟旭泽,闫玉春,辛晓平,王旭. 呼伦贝尔草原蘑菇圈对土壤呼吸作用的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(13): 2595-2603.