中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 357-370.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.02.010

• 专题:茶 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于代谢组学的‘云抗10号’晒青茶加工过程代谢物变化

戴宇樵1,2,吕才有1(),何鲁南1,易超1,刘学艳1,黄雯1,陈加敏1   

  1. 1 云南农业大学龙润普洱茶学院,昆明 650201
    2 贵州省茶叶研究所,贵阳 550006
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-18 接受日期:2019-10-09 出版日期:2020-01-16 发布日期:2020-02-17
  • 通讯作者: 吕才有
  • 作者简介:戴宇樵,18985575397;E-mail:827927867@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业茶叶产业体系专项资金资助(CARS-19)

Metabolic Changes in the Processing of Yunkang 10 Sun-Dried Green Tea based on Metabolomics

DAI YuQiao1,2,Lü CaiYou1(),HE LuNan1,YI Chao1,LIU XueYan1,HUANG Wen1,CHEN JiaMin1   

  1. 1 College of Long Run Pu-erh Tea, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201
    2 Guizhou Tea Institute, Guiyang 550006
  • Received:2019-04-18 Accepted:2019-10-09 Online:2020-01-16 Published:2020-02-17
  • Contact: CaiYou Lü

摘要:

【目的】基于代谢组学的超高相液相色谱/质谱(LC-MS)联用技术探究云南大叶种‘云抗10号’晒青茶加工过程中代谢产物的变化,发现影响晒青茶品质形成的标志性代谢物,并进一步研究这些物质的变化路径,为了解云南晒青茶品质形成机理奠定基础。【方法】在制作‘云抗10号’晒青茶过程中,取‘云抗10号’鲜叶、揉捻叶、晒青叶各3组。样品经预处理后,运用LC-MS检测3组样品中的代谢产物,利用质谱数据库对其定性。运用多元统计方法主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)对3组样品检测数据进行分析。通过PLS-DA方法筛选差异显著的代谢物。【结果】建立了‘云抗10号’鲜叶、揉捻叶和晒青叶的代谢物谱的LC/MS分析方法,将代谢组数据进行主成分分析和偏最小二乘法判别分析,并将3组样品聚类区分。并用LC-MS技术对‘云抗10号’晒青茶及在制茶进行检测,结合多元统计分析,在鲜叶、揉捻叶、晒青叶之间发现差异代谢物701种,揉捻叶与鲜叶的差异显著代谢物116种,晒青叶与鲜叶的差异显著代谢物158种,晒青叶与揉捻叶的差异显著代谢物48种。比对KEGG与MWDB数据库分析代谢物,这些代谢物主要与氨基酸及其衍生物代谢、多酚物质代谢等代谢途径有关。【结论】利用LC-MS技术可以有效地对鲜叶组、揉捻叶组与晒青叶组进行区分,证明代谢组学技术在一定程度上可以揭示晒青毛茶在加工过程中内含代谢物的化学变化规律。研究发现的晒青毛茶品质形成关键代谢物,可为晒青品质的评价指标体系建立提供理论依据。

关键词: LC-MS, 晒青茶, 云抗10号, 代谢组学, 代谢物

Abstract:

【Objective】The ultrahigh phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) combined technique of metabolomics was used to explore the changes of metabolites in the processing of sun-dried green tea of Camellia sinenis var. assamica cv. Yunkang 10, and to find the iconic metabolites affecting the formation of sun-dried green tea quality. Further study on the change path of these substances would lay a foundation for understanding the formation mechanism of sun-dried green tea quality. 【Method】In the process of making Yunkang 10 sun-dried green tea, 3 samples of fresh leaves, rolled leaves and sun-dried leaves were taken respectively. After the samples were pretreated, the metabolites in the three groups of samples were detected by LC-MS and identified by mass spectrometry database. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to analyze the detection data of three groups of samples. Metabolites with significant differences were screened out by PLS-DA method. 【Result】LC-MS analysis method for the endogenous metabolites of Yunkang 10 fresh leaves, rolled leaves and sun-dried leaves was established, and commercial mass spectrometry database was used for rapid identification of the detected metabolites. The metabolome data were imported into SIMCA-P software for principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis, and the metabolome data could be used to distinguish the three groups of samples. By LC/MS technique on Yunkang 10 sun-dried green tea and its processing tea, in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, there were 701 kinds of metabolites were significant differences among the fresh leaves, rolling leaves and sun-dried leaves, and 116 kinds metabolites between fresh leaves and rolling leaves, 158 kinds of metabolites between sun-dried leaves and fresh leaves, and 48 kinds of metabolites between sun-dried leaves and rolling leaves were found. By searching KEGG database to analyze metabolites, these metabolites were mainly related to amino acid metabolism, polyphenol metabolism and other energy metabolism pathways. 【Conclusion】LC-MS technique could be used to distinguish fresh leaf group, rolled leaf group and sun-dried leaf group of Yunkang 10, which proved that metabolomics technology could reveal the chemical changes of metabolites in sun-dried green tea to some extent. The key metabolites were found in the study could provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the quality of sun-dried green tea, and lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the formation of "sunburn taste" of sun-dried green tea and the formation mechanism of sun-dried green tea quality.

Key words: liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, sun-dried green tea, Yunkang 10, metabolomics, metabolites