大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系雌性育性对异交率的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究RN型大豆细胞质雄性不育系、保持系雌性育性差异,明确RN型大豆细胞质雄性不育系是否存在雌性育性降低的现象,探讨不育系雌性育性与异交率的相关性。【方法】首先在200余份RN型细胞质雄性不育系中,依据异交结实率高低,选择有代表性的不育系及保持系6对;然后通过网室内投放蜜蜂传粉对不育系进行异交率鉴定,确定不育系的异交率高低水平;再对6份不育系利用同一父本恢复系进行不去雄人工杂交试验,明确不同异交结实率不育系在接受外来花粉受精结实方面是否存在差异;最后利用同一恢复系作共同父本,通过去雄、不去雄人工平行杂交方法,研究不育系及对应保持系间杂交成活率差异,对6份不育系及6份对应保持系雌性育性进行分析,同时分析不育系异交率与雌性育性的相关性。【结果】网室异交率鉴定表明,供试6份不育系异交率存在显著差异,最高达49.46%,最低仅15.94%。6份不育系在人工授粉杂交成活率上也存在显著差异,高异交率不育系（JLCMS101A和JLCMS82A）杂交成活率显著高于中、低异交率不育系,中异交率不育系（JLCMS9A和JLCMS47A）杂交成活率显著高于低异交率不育系（JLCMS89A和JLCMS31A）。人工去雄平行杂交成活率,高、中异交率不育系显著高于低异交率不育系;高、中、低异交率保持系间杂交成活率无显著差异;杂交成活率在高、中异交率不育系与对应保持系间无显著差异,而低异交率不育系的杂交成活率显著低于其对应保持系的杂交成活率。人工不去雄平行杂交成活率,高异交率不育系杂交成活率显著高于中、低异交率不育系杂交成活率;高、中、低异交率保持系间杂交成活率无显著差异;高、中异交率不育系的杂交成活率与对应保持系的杂交成活率无显著差异,而低异交率不育系的杂交成活率则显著低于其对应保持系的杂交成活率。【结论】在大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系中,高异交率不育系雌性育性正常,低异交率不育系中存在因雌性育性差而影响正常结实的情况,雌性育性差是造成其异交结实性低的原因之一,不同异交率不育系对应保持系雌性育性均正常;不育系网室异交率与不育系去雄杂交成活率呈极显著正相关,不育系网室异交率与不育系不去雄杂交成活率也呈极显著正相关。去雄和不去雄平行杂交结果均可用于鉴定不育系的雌性育性。

关键词: 大豆, 不育系, 异交率, 雌性育性

Abstract:

【Objective】To study the differences in female fertility of RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterile lines (A-lines) and maintainer lines (B-lines), determine whether there is a decline in female fertility in RN-type soybean cytoplasmic male sterility lines, and explore the correlation between female fertility and outcrossing rate in male sterile lines. 【Method】 Firstly, 6 pairs of sterile lines and maintainer lines were selected from more than 200 RN-type cytoplasmic male sterile lines; outcrossing rates among these lines were different. Second, the outcrossing rate of male sterile lines was evaluated using honeybee pollination in net cages. Third, six male sterile lines were pollinated by non-removing stamen test, with male parents of the same restorer line, to determine whether there were differences in fertilization and podding. Finally, the differences in survival rate between sterile lines and maintainer lines were studied by removing stamens and non-removing stamens parallel cross test with the same restorer line used as the male parent. 【Result】 The outcrossing rates in cages were significantly different among the six sterile lines tested: the highest outcrossing rate was 49.46% and the lowest outcrossing rate was 15.94%. there were significant differences among survival rates of artificial crosses of six sterile lines tested: the survival rate of sterile lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of medium and low outcrossing rate sterile lines and the survival rate of sterile lines with medium outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that of low outcrossing rate sterile lines. For crossing survival rate after artificially removing stamens, A-lines with high and medium outcrossing rates were significantly higher than that with low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium, or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines, middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with a low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. For crossing survival rate by artificially not removing stamen, A-lines with a high outcrossing rate were significantly higher than that with medium or low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among B-lines with high, medium and low outcrossing rates; there were no significant differences among high A-lines, middle A-lines, and their corresponding B-lines, while A-lines with low outcrossing rate were significantly lower than their corresponding B-lines. 【Conclusion】 For RN-type cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of soybean, female fertility of A-lines with high outcrossing rates were normal and female fertility of a few A-lines with low outcrossing rates were poor, affecting their seed setting. Female fertility of B-lines with different outcrossing rates were all normal, the outcrossing rate of A-lines in cages were significantly positively correlated with their crossing survival rate following artificial stamen removal and in plants where the stamen was not removed, the outcrossing rates of A-lines in cages were not correlated with their B-lines’ crossing survival rate. All parallel crosses by removing and non-removing stamens can thus be used to evaluate female fertility of A-lines.

Key words: soybean, Male-Sterile Lines, outcrossing rate, female fertility

张井勇,闫昊,彭宝,张春宝,李慧,王鹏年,丁孝羊,林春晶,孙寰,赵丽梅,张伟. 大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系雌性育性对异交率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(8): 1324-1333.

ZHANG JingYong,YAN Hao,PENG Bao,ZHANG ChunBao,LI Hui,WANG PengNian,DING XiaoYang,LIN ChunJing,SUN Huan,ZHAO LiMei,ZHANG Wei. Effects of Female Fertility of RN Type Male-Sterile Lines on Outcrossing Rate[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(8): 1324-1333.

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亲本 Parents	“三系”类别 Type of three lines	高异交率 High outcrossing rate		中异交率 Middle outcrossing rate		低异交率 Low outcrossing rate
母本 Female parent	不育系 Male-Sterile Lines	JLCMS82A	JLCMS101A	JLCMS9A	JLCMS47A	JLCMS89A	JLCMS31A
母本 Female parent	保持系 Maintainers	JLCMS82B	JLCMS101B	JLCMS9B	JLCMS47B	JLCMS89B	JLCMS31B
父本 Male parent	恢复系 Restorers	JLCMSR2

材料名 Material	年份 Year			平均 Average
材料名 Material	2012	2013	2014	平均 Average
JLCMS101A	48.39±3.68	41.67±4.53	58.33±8.66	49.46±8.94a
JLCMS82A	47.65±5.83	37.33±7.26	52.33±5.93	45.44±8.49a
JLCMS9A	37.50±6.96	31.67±5.20	39.83±6.68	36.33±6.58b
JLCMS47A	28.67±5.83	27.84±7.32	34.17±6.5	30.22±6.43c
JLCMS31A	17.33±3.65	15.16±4.65	19.50±4.07	17.33±4.05d
JLCMS89A	13.83±5.70	13.33±3.42	20.67±5.73	15.94±5.64d
平均Average	32.23±14.62b	27.83±11.82c	37.47±15.95a

材料名 Material	年份 Years			平均 Average
材料名 Material	2012	2013	2014	平均 Average
JLCMS101A	37.29±6.28	29.22±4.56	32.73±5.17	33.08±5.83a
JLCMS82A	35.41±4.15	28.40±2.37	30.30±5.66	31.37±4.85ab
JLCMS47A	31.68±3.41	26.47±4.81	24.66±4.70	27.60±4.92bc
JLCMS9A	30.43±3.27	23.77±4.35	24.65±3.62	26.28±4.53c
JLCMS89A	23.59±4.08	16.37±3.28	21.36±6.34	20.44±5.21d
JLCMS31A	18.63±3.29	20.20±3.46	20.84±3.44	19.89±3.10d
平均Average	29.51±7.58a	24.07±5.73b	25.76±6.12b

材料名 Material	工人1 Person 1			工人2 Person 2			工人3 Person 3			平均Average
材料名 Material	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	收获荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	收获荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	收获荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数 The flowers pollinated	收获荚数 The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)
JLCMS101A	198	104	52.53	208	121	58.17	186	110	59.14	197.33	111.67	56.61a
JLCMS82A	198	114	57.58	208	118	56.73	186	97	52.15	197.33	109.67	55.49a
JLCMS9A	198	107	54.04	208	96	46.15	186	88	47.31	197.33	97.00	49.17b
JLCMS47A	198	91	45.96	208	93	44.71	186	95	51.08	197.33	93.00	47.25ab
JLCMS47B	198	87	43.94	208	100	48.08	186	98	52.69	197.33	95.00	48.23ab
JLCMS89B	198	94	47.47	208	95	45.67	186	89	47.85	197.33	92.67	47.00ab
JLCMS9B	198	95	47.98	208	93	44.71	186	83	44.62	197.33	90.33	45.77ab
JLCMS101B	198	90	45.45	208	95	45.67	186	80	43.01	197.33	88.33	44.71abc
JLCMS31B	198	84	42.42	208	92	44.23	186	86	46.24	197.33	87.33	44.30abc
JLCMS82B	198	90	45.45	208	86	41.35	186	80	43.01	197.33	85.33	43.27bcd
JLCMS89A	198	79	39.90	208	80	38.46	186	80	43.01	197.33	79.67	40.46cd
JLCMS31A	198	72	36.36	208	83	39.90	186	74	39.78	197.33	76.33	38.68d

材料名 Material	工人1 Person1			工人2 Person2			工人3 Person3			平均 Average
材料名 Material	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	异交荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	异交荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数The flowers pollinated	异交荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)	授粉花数 The flowers pollinated	异交荚数The pods obtained	成活率 Survival rate (%)
JLCMS82A	203	125(1)	61.58	177	106(2)	59.89	186	123	66.13	188.67	118.00	62.53a
JLCMS101A	203	131(3)	64.53	177	108(2)	61.02	186	108(1)	58.06	188.67	115.67	61.20a
JLCMS101B	203	119 (13)	58.62	177	97(11)	54.80	186	115(9)	61.83	188.67	110.33	58.42ab
JLCMS47B	203	112(12)	55.17	177	90(9)	50.85	186	121(13)	65.05	188.67	107.67	57.02ab
JLCMS9B	203	99(8)	48.77	177	99(10)	55.93	186	115(11)	61.83	188.67	104.33	55.51ab
JLCMS82B	203	114(11)	56.16	177	93(7)	52.5	186	112(10)	60.22	188.67	106.33	56.31ab
JLCMS31B	203	119(9)	58.62	177	73(10)	41.24	186	121(12)	65.05	188.67	104.33	54.97ab
JLCMS89B	203	106(10)	52.22	177	84(11)	47.46	186	117(13)	62.90	188.67	102.33	54.19ab
JLCMS9A	203	102	50.25	177	81	45.76	186	101	54.30	188.67	94.67	50.10bc
JLCMS47A	203	105	51.72	177	88	49.72	186	88	47.31	188.67	93.67	49.58bc
JLCMS31A	203	87	42.86	177	65	36.72	186	78	41.94	188.67	76.67	40.51cd
JLCMS89A	203	80(1)	39.41	177	72	40.68	186	65	34.95	188.67	81.67	38.35d